Truancy In America

Truancy in America
ABSTRACT:
Truancy is the first sign that a youngster is giving up and losing his or her way. Research shows that students who become truant and eventually drop
out of school put themselves at a long–term disadvantage in becoming productive citizens. Dropouts are more likely to be on welfare or unemployed
than high school graduates. High truancy rates are also linked to high daytime burglary rates, vandalism, and juvenile gang activity. In some cities,
unexcused absences can number in the thousands daily. Combating truancy is a way for communities to reach out quickly to disaffected young people
and help families struggling with rebellious teenagers. This guide offers parents, school officials, law enforcement agencies, and ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Kinder, Wakefield and Wilkin (1996) report on interviews with 160 children in Year 7 and above. For the children, the main causes of truancy and
disruption are described (in rank order) as:
The influence of friends and peers, who are seen encouraging truancy as a status–seeking activity or as a way of joining in or blending in, and
sometimes teasing or goading the child into truanting
Relationships with teachers, seen as lacking respect/fairness
The content and delivery of the curriculum, seen as lacking in relevance and stimulus
Family factors, either parental attitudes or family problems
Bullying; and
The classroom context, either because of teachers' inability to control, or problems arising from the child's own personality or learning abilities.
The authors note the preponderance of boys in their sample, 'perhaps reflecting the gender bias of disaffected behavior', but their interviewees range
from the permanently excluded to those whose behavior or attendance was just beginning to cause the school concern.
The views of professionals in schools and Education Welfare Services collected and analyzed by Kinder, Harland, Wilkin and Wakefield (1995) also
include personal factors, family and community factors and school factors amongst the causes of truancy. Individual factors included: lack of
self–esteem/social skills/confidence; poor peer relations; lack of academic ability; special needs; and lack of

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Coming To School
Often times, a communities job is to educate their citizens. So, if some of those citizens are not coming to school because of an unexcused reason, it it
also their job to figure out why. If a school wants students to be successful, truancy should be decriminalized.
A school is accountable for making sure students come to school. So, if a student is not coming to school, rather than that student being punished, a plan
should be made to make sure that student does come to school. As well, more responsibility would be put on the community ; who wants to educate
citizens, to figure out why the student is not coming. . The new law for truancy is doing just that. " It (the law) forces the school district and
community support agencies to work

Homelessness And The Streets Of New Haven
The problem of homelessness in New Haven has left many children wandering around the street. Over the past few years, a significant number of
children have been spotted in the streets and this has resulted in increased crime cases. Most of these children are students as the school districts have
identified quite a number of homeless students in Connecticut. Apart from the problem of homelessness, dropping out of schools is also a leading cause
of increased number of children in New Haven's streets. This paper provides in–depth discussion on the number of children in the streets of New
Haven, and also some of the proposed programs meant to keep these children off the streets.
The Population of Children in the Streets of New Haven
Notably, increased number of children in the streets of New Haven is as a result of the problem of homelessness in Connecticut and also increase in
the number of children dropping out of school. About a third of homeless children spotted in Connecticut are from New Britain and New Haven with
approximately three hundred and twenty seven coming from New Haven. Notably, the number of street children in New Haven has decreased
following the fact that the school district heightened its efforts to identify the problem and address the issue this issue accordingly. Some school
districts play a significant role in ensuring that homeless children are catered for and their needs met. However, there are some school districts that are
reluctant to help as they

Absenteeism In Schools Essay
The success of our schools performing its primary functions of teaching, educating, and socializing the young is predicted on regular school
attendance. Truancy is rated among the major problems facing schools today (Garry, 1996). Schools in some larger cities have reported absenteeism
rates as high as 50 percent per day (Allen–Meares, 2004). The issue of truancy compromises schools ' primary function and places our young people at
risk. According to the Bilchik, truant students have the potential to lead a lifetime of unemployment, crime, and incarceration (Garry, 1996).
Truancy is often a symptom of a deeper problem. Typically, students who become chronic truants and poor achievers are usually members of families
of low socioeconomic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Absent students perceived their families to be less cohesive than the regular attendees, felt fewer acceptances by their parents, and their parental
discipline was inconsistent and ineffective. Other findings from the study suggest that absent students were less likely to perceive school experiences
favorably, felt inferior academically, experienced family conflict, and were less likely to be socially competent in their relations in class. Family
problems were unlikely to be confined to the home and spilled over into the school, affecting student 's concentration, grades, and relationships with
teachers and classmates (Corville–Smith, Ryan, Adams, & Dalicando, 1998). Benda (1987) supports that parental values and ambitions play a large
role in children 's school attendance and that a supportive family is the most important source of a child 's attitude toward school attendance.
Baer (1999) indicates that the transition from childhood to early adolescence consists of major changes in a number of psychosocial dimensions.
Pubertal timing and the degree of change such as the transition to junior high school bring a heightened potential for problems such as use of drugs and
alcohol, the increase of school drop out, decline in academic motivation, and decreased interest in school generally. During this time of change the
student is in need of being supported by all those involved with them. The author discussed how students making the transition to junior high school

The Importance Of Supervision, Truancy, Drug Use And...
The subject of this paper is the Smith family. The family consists of the mother, Joan, and her five children. The father to the children is currently
not involved with the family and has his location unknown as he is wanted by law enforcement for a sexual abuse of a minor charge. There are
three female children in the home. Jane is age 11, Jamie is 10 and Sue is age 3. Both Jane and Jamie attend class in Sometown, with Sue not of age
to attend school. There are two male children in the home, John, age 14 and Jim, age 7, both of whom attend school in Sometown Reason for
Services This case has been ongoing with several reports made to DCF regarding issues including lack of supervision, truancy, drug use and alleged
neglect. Working with DCF Child Protection Specialists this student has been able to observe interactions with the family, including interviews with the
mother and the children. There have been 10 referrals since 2011, with five of those occurring in the last 18 months. The family has a long history of
problems and has had the opportunity to work with Family Preservation workers in an attempt to keep the children at home with the mother. Recent
visits have shown that further involvement from Family Preservation Services would not be beneficial. A safety plan was put into place with the
mother in an attempt to ensure understanding of the situation, in particular allowing Jim to play alone outside and ride his bicycle in the street late at
night. Diversity Issues

House Bill 2398: Unexcused Offences Case Study
House Bill 2398 was signed by Governor Abbot on May 30th 2015. This decriminalize unexcused absences and require school districts to implement
preventive measures. Texas has been one of the two states that. Truancy is an unexcused absence from school. In the United States the States enact
school attendance laws that determine the age at which a child is required to begin attending school, the age at which a child may legally drop out of
school the number of unexcused absences which make a student legally truant
In many states, youth missing more than 10 days of school are required to repeat the entire school year. Truancy is a status offence which is an act that
is an offense only because of the offender's age, meaning the same conduct by an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the other hand an issue with this bill is that it might make way for students to feel like they don't have to be held accountable to missing school and
that the punishment won't be too harsh. It's up to the parents and teachers to really communicate with the children and help them know that going to
school is for their benefit and not as bad as it looks.
Truancy is part of the school to prison channel, a system that the state tells schools to have an absolute zero tolerance for unexcused absences. Sending
students to court, a criminal court and having them experience the feeling on being a criminal just for skipping class exposes our children and derail
them to the world of being a criminal. Nathan Hecht asked the Judicial Council, the policy–making body for the state's courts, "Playing hooky is bad,
but is it criminal?" So why do we get to treat our young children as criminals

No Child Left Behind And Zero Tolerance Programs
School to Prison Pipeline
Shift to "Tough on crime": No Child Left Behind and Zero Tolerance programs In the 1980 's , there were "tough on crime" laws and "zero tolerance"
programs that were enforced to for help foster a healthy education environment for children and adolescents; especially targeted to repeat offenders
such as at–risk juveniles. As a result, we have learned that instilling laws such as No Child Left Behind and enforcing zero tolerance programs in
school was too rigid and caused more issues than benefits for children, caretakers, and the school systems. If we analyzed this issue from parts of
Bronfenbrenner 's ecological approach we can understand some problems in the relationships between the student, the caregiver, the educators and the
law enforcers. In the micro system we can see how the direct connections between the student and the teacher are cold and strict. In many cases students
were being forced to pass standardized testing and be well mannered at all times or they were punished. Punishments that were sometimes cruel and
unnecessary: detention, and in/out of school suspensions. These types of connections between them can cause issues with trust, respect, and desire to
learn from their caregivers. In many cases students, especially from low socioeconomic statuses, were being forced to pass standardized testing and be
well mannered at all times or they were punished, enforcers never took into consideration other emotional, biological or

Why Do Incentives Really Work
The general argument made by Arianna Prothero in her work, "Does Paying Kids to Do Well in School Actually Work?", is why students should be
paid as an initiative to go to school. More specifically, she argues that students need a reward for going to school. One example, for having good
attendance, the principal put the students in a raffle and two individuals would win a car. She writes, "... economists started looking earnestly at how
educators could leverage incentives, such as gift cards, scholarship money, and in some cases cold hard cash, to motivate students to go to school and
perform better on tests." In this passage, the author is suggesting that schools give more incentives to students with good grades and attendance.
Although, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In conclusion, the author's belief is that the incentive route is one of the best routes to take. She shows examples about how incentives really work in
schools. She also lists some common incentives such as the following, gift cards, game or concert tickets, scholarship money, or even cash. In one
extreme case, cars were the reward to the students winning the raffle. The author used a quote from Allan Markley, the superintendent of the Raytown
school district, states "The key to making incentives work is getting inside your students' heads and figuring out what they really want." In my view, the
incentive route is not the most beneficial. You have to take in the fact that the money to buy these incentives, comes from the students' parents through
taxes. If the parent really wanted to give their children incentives, then that is their decision to make. More specifically, I believe that a child does not
need incentives. The child should want to go to college for their education to get a career. They shouldn't have to be poked a prodded to go to school.
Getting an education to do a job they really want should be an incentive, not a "drag". For example, the thought of taxes, an adult does not want to pay
these taxes for someone's children. The only reason they would be

Fear Of Falling: The Inner Life Of The Middle Class
Juvenile Truancy
For too many youngsters, cutting classes is the first slip down the icy slope toward delinquency. As early as 1915, sociologists were calling truancy the
"kindergarten of crime." A 1979 study of 258 adult re–offenders showed that 78% had been arrested for truancy, and two–thirds of the
remainder admitted they had been chronically truant but were never arrested. (Gavin 1997)
There is a sense that parents fear truancy as if it were an infectious disease that will strike their own kids if it isn't eradicated. In the book, Fear of
Falling:
The Inner Life of the Middle Class, Barbara Ehrenreich wrote that middle–class parents now see education as the only way they can help their
youngsters ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But tough talk will do little to help the kids who fail at school because of abuse at home. Youngsters who endure physical, emotional andsexual abuse
at the hands of their parents may well face more of it if the parents are forced to pay fines or do jail time if the youngster cuts classes.
Sometimes parents are not the only causation for truancy, A detective in Lansing,
Michigan, who was investigating the chronic truancy of two adolescent girls, discovered that a 27–year–old man had lured them into spending time at
his apartment during the day. And what of the youngsters who are bullied every day, forced to hand over their lunch money? We know how merciless
kids can be when teasing those who are different – too tall, too short, too fat, too skinny, too light, too dark. Imagine kids that are gay, some who are
taunted and attacked every day for being a "fag." A Massachusetts Department of Education Youth
Risk Behavior survey in 1997 showed that 22% of gay, lesbian and bisexual students reported skipping school because of safety concerns, compared to
4% of their peers. A U.S. Department of Health and Human Services report showed that
28% of gay and lesbian youth drop out of school because they do not feel comfortable there. ( Boston Public Schools 2000) Think what it must be
like to sit in classes each day if you are unable to read. While statistics on the

Similarities Between Death Of A Salesman And Oedipus
At a glance, the texts covered in this English course seem to have no correlation. However, there are similarities between the characters of the three
texts; namely, the characters have the same personality traits. Another commonality between the characters are their downfalls. The characters in
"Truancy", Death of a Salesman and "Oedipus" "[are] not that different from [each other]", revealing the truths of humanity. The first aspect that the
characters have in common are their personalities. In their respective texts, Tack, Willy and Oedipus demonstrate ambition. In "Truancy", "Tack
tried to keep himself from going bored by humming to himself or imagining all the salt and pepper going up in flames" while completing a simple
but tedious task (Fukui 119). Likewise, Willy claims "I'm tired to the death" after coming home from work (Miller 13). Similarly, Oedipus states that
he "went [t]o Delphi, and Apollo sent me back [b]aulked of the [k]nowledge that I came to seek", after becoming curious about his fate (Sophocles 31).
Despite being in different situations, each of the protagonists display ambition; Tack shows determination by forcing himself to concentrate on the
task at hand while Willy works hard to achieve the American dream. Also, Oedipus displays his desire for knowledge by travelling to see an oracle.
All the protagonists want to succeed and do what is necessary to reach it. This reveals that humans can only achieve success by working for it. Also,
Zyid, Willy and

Literature Review
Literature Review
For the purpose of this study this literature review will analyze improving student attendance through building a family connection through parental
involvement. If students are in school on time everyday then learning takes place. By building a family connection which highlights the importance of
attendance, this will lead to improving student performance on standardized test, Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment Systems/Scholastic
Reading Inventory (MCAS/SRI). Decreasing the rate of student truancy and absenteeism has been and continues to be the goal of ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In the past my buildings response to filing yellow attendance cards has been slow, causing many students with attendance issues to go unnoticed. It is
my hope that the process can be handled expeditiously with students being monitored and frequent phone calls home to alert and inform parents of a
student's absence from school. Historically, schools have always held the student accountable for truant behavior. Corville–Smith, (1995) and Hoyle
(1998) state that "Truant and chronically absent students were considered deviants". Frequently schools did not contact families until the problem was
so severe that the student was failing their courses. Also research shows that the learning environment of an entire school can be affected by an
individual student's attendance problem. Most schools receive funds by the population they have attending school on a regular basis. If Districts and
school attendance rates are low, educational programs and resources are in jeopardy of being cut. Also, in some locations student attendance is used as
an indicator of how well a school is functioning and requirements are set and monitored for rating (Maryland State Department of Education, 1999)
Studies investigating family practice have suggested that "not all parental involvement activities are associated with attendance" (Lee, 1994) for
example;

Pros And Cons Of Juvenile Status Offenders
The most excellent official course of action for dealing with juveniles engaged in status offenses such as drinking, smoking, breaking curfew, running
away from home, truancy, in my opinion, is community service. Juvenile status offenders should be rehab, in my opinion, working the drug and
alcohol centers for adults, mental consumer centers, and hospitals, so that they can get a feel of what life can be like from breaking the lesser
offenses. The above offenses are not severe crimes; however, these offenses can lead to a more seriouscrime, which may involve criminal punishment.
Why can the justice system stop juvenile engagement status offenses before it becomes a significant problem? When corporal punishment was
removed from schools and household, juveniles saw their day of justice as a right in court.
Yes, I believe the juvenile justice system should get involved; however, the legislature is the capital source of law today, and all cases start with
construing the legislation as made by the Commonwealth and the States. (Hall, 2014) The legislation does not come from judges, the court interprets
it, and this interpretation does become part of the law. Youths who engage in status offenses constitute a diverse population. (Elrod & Ryder, 2014)
Children charged with status offenses are referred to by several names including status offenders, Child in Need of Supervision, Child in Need of
Services or Family in Need of Services. Most states consider 'children' to be people

Too Much Pressure On High School Students
All parents want to see their kids succeed in school. However, by the time a student graduates they will then feel a sudden urge of relief after have
encountered a significant amount of pressure throughout their high school years. The pressure is not only received by the school, but by society and
the parents as well. Several students have experienced staying up long nights to finish homework, a loss of interest in a hobby, or an academic
burnout at one point. It is common sense for one to say that school is not easy. Between trying to manage homework from all of their classes, studying
for multiple different tests at once, and trying to maintain a decent social life, school can become very stressful for a young person. Too much pressure
should not be put on high school students because it can lead to academic failure, truancy, and depression. Putting too much pressure on high school
students can lead to academic failure. A lot of the time when a child is known for receiving good grades they are put on a pedestal by their parents
and their school. The parents begin to expect for their child to succeed, but when they do not, it may lead to an uproar within the household. The
pressure on the child is severe, and not enough support is given. After researching parental involvement towards high school students, it has been said
that "Parents are most likely to attend school meetings and events or to volunteer in their child's school when their children are in primary school

Evaluation Research Questions On School Truancy
Evaluation Research Questions There were three expected outcomes / hypothesis as a result of PARC program participation. First, hypothesis number
one suggested that the activities of the PARC program (IV) will decrease school truancy significantly (DV) for individuals that participate in the
program. Hypothesis number two suggested that as a result of the decrease in school truancy, student's academic grades will improve. In other words,
the PARC program (IV) would help to improve student's grades (DV). Finally, the third hypothesis suggested that the independent variable, PARC, will
increase student engagement in school (LV) for the individuals that participate in the program. The findings of this research will further enlighten the
facilitators of PARC as to whether or not the program is truly effective in the areas of student engagement, truancy, and academic improvement. The
bias among facilitators already exists that the program is effective. However, with this program evaluation, facilitators will have the proof that they
need to further develop the program in the school. For example, one drawback of the program is that it only serves approximately five – ten students
at a time. This program evaluation aims to show that PARC could accept more student participants. Perhaps the results will convince the facilitators to
expand the program to more students through the use of additional school staff members. Furthermore, the results of the aforementioned

The Results Of Raising The Dropout Age
Keys 1
The Results of Raising the Dropout Age
Obtaining an education is essential in today's society. Most students who attend school on a regular basis usually succeed in life. On the other hand,
many students fail to attend school every day which can lead to problems in schools. However, some students have acceptable reasons for dropping out.
As a result, a student's punctuality can ultimately alter his or her education. On that note, dropping out of high school can affect an individual in many
ways throughout the years. Schools are facing challenges dealing with high dropout rates, high rates of truancy, and low graduation rates because
students are failing to attend school.
To begin with, dropping out of high school has caused a negative uprise leading to high dropout rates. There are several effects of dropping out of
school. Many students have difficult experiences during their early lives. High school dropouts are more likely to be from households where parents do
not help their children with school. Some students feel there is disconnect between themselves, their parents, and their teacher; therefore, they end up
dropping out of school. However, if parents and teachers communicate with students, there is a higher chance that the students will graduate and
succeed. Many adults, who dropped out of school, regret dropping out. Since the dropped out of school, life is not so easy for them. Suh initiates that
"the United States economy had become more "brain

Boo Radley's Trial
I am reading To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee and I am on page 35. This book is about a girl named Scout, her father named Atticus, her brother
called Jem, and her friend called Dill, in the small town of Maycomb. We follow Scout through her trials with 1st grade, her relationship with
Calpurnia, and Boo Radley. In this paper I will be predicting and evaluating. G– I predict kids will not meet boo Y– He is locked up R– locked up
because of gang locked Mr. Conner in courthouse outhouse last straw others went to industrial school R– Family does not go out doors closed on
Sundays too his whole family doesn't socialize no screen doors Y– They are scared of him R– tales of what he has done stabbed his father with scissors
poisons the pecans kills... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I predict that the kids will not meet Boo Radley. One reason they will not meet him is that he is locked up. He was locked away by his father,
because of his troublesome gang. Boo's gang locked a town member in the courthouse outhouse. For many, that was the last straw. They could not
take anymore of the gang's exasperating actions. The judge sentenced the gang to be sent to the state industrial school. Mr. Radley, a proud man,
thought the sentence disgraceful. Instead, he decided to lock Boo inside the house as discipline. Also, the Radley family rarely goes out. Even before
the incident, they rarely withdrew from their house. They kept their doors closed, all throughout the week. In Maycomb, having a closed door on
Sunday is unheard of. The Radley family did not socialize either. Mr. Radley's only response to the children's morning greetings was a curt cough. The
Radley house also had

An Open Campus is a Bad Idea Essay
Wandering kids. Bumper to bumper traffic. Drug dealing. Is this the picture drawn when local students have fifty minutes of freedom during lunch to
do whatever they please? Students should not be allowed to leave their school campus during lunch. An open campus would lead to truancy, disturb
local businesses and neighborhoods, and cause crime.
Truancy can occur among students if an open campus is accepted. If students have the privilege to leave school for fifty whole minutes on their own,
then they have the freedom to not come back. It would break the trust between students and educators, and harsher rules would have to be enforced on
the open campus rule. Numerous students who decide to ditch the remaining periods would ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Quietness is important to many people doing work in their homes and offices, and this can be disrupted by groups of students walking around creating
a stir. Lunch is possibly one of the most praised recesses in a day because it is the longest break between work. Students who drive often go to their
favorite restaurants and diners for lunch. They can lead to an increase in traffic in the school and neighborhood and mostly in the street with other
student drivers. These recently inexperienced and immature drivers are ordinarily involved in acts such as road rage and drag racing. Accidents can
occur with innocent motorists trying to get through the day. Disturbances can also consist of littering. Students who usually roam the neighborhood
and eat lunch do not properly dispose of their trash and can simply through it anywhere. This waste becomes a displeasing mess and site for others to
see what an open campus can cause.
Numerous types of crimes can be committed if a school allows an open campus during the lunch hour. Felonies usually occur during times when
people are not at home. At lunch, students can have illegal access to vulnerable houses if they choose to do so when they are wondering around in the
streets. This could lead to a crime increase among a neighborhood, and cause disputes and problems. Citizens feel safe in their neighborhoods, but
crime and robberies can make them feel uneasy. They would need to purchase state of the art security

Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder Essay
Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder, also known as ADHD, is one of the most prevalent childhood and adolescence disorder. ADHD world
prevalence rates is around 5% and "range from 1% to 20% among school–age children (Sciotto, ...2016, p. 35). There is a variability in prevalence rates
across countries, which has led to researchers to question whether ADHD diagnosis reflects the norms and biases of western cultures. Even though the
diagnosis are thought to reflect western cultures and norms, it has been difficult to agree professionally on what ADHD is, what should be done about
it, and how it should be approached (Timimi, S. & Taylor, E., 2003, p. 8). There is a lack of specific cognitive, metabolic, or neurological procedures
and medical tests for ADHD. In addition to this lack, considering the different cultures adds to the difficulty of accurately identifying ADHD. It is,
however, important to realize that culture plays an important role in identifying, diagnosing, and treating ADHD. Variations in diagnostic practices,
medication treatment prevalence, school system policies, and cultural attitudes influences the availability to services for ADHD (Scuitto et al., 2016,
p.35). Since it is evident in every culture, Malaysia, a country in Asia, is not immune to attention deficit hyperactive disorder. Based on a
parent–teacher ratings of Malaysian primary school–aged children, the prevalent rates for the three ADHD types, summarized by the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual

Truancy and Adolescents Rebelllion Essay examples
Everyone knows the iconic movie Ferris Bueller's Day Off – the epitome of adolescent rebellion and independence – the benchmark of free–spirited
insubordination that lies in the heart of all teenagers. Sure, the movie depicts skipping school as nothing more than a harmless and fun pastime,
something that is enjoyable due in large part to its riskiness. But essentially it documents the day of a truant. A truant whose wild antics entertain, but a
truant nonetheless. Like most things, Hollywood's characterization of adolescent truancy is incorrect, not just in the sense that most kids will not be
singing in parades whilst cutting class. It downplays the rather serious nature of chronic absences that permeates all levels of society.... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
With such statistics it's obvious that truancy is more than just a careless action of an impulsive student, but a problem that needs to be addressed.
Chronic truancy is a concern that affects multiple areas or society, from the student who faces decreased earning capacity and potential lifelong
criminality, to the community that deals with decreases in school funding (as school districts are awarded Federal and State cash based on attendance
figures) and tax hikes due to welfare costs (as data indicates a link between truancy and future financial instability) (Prevention, 1996). In essence, it's a
bigger issue than it may seem. State and national programs are failing in deterring absenteeism and that is because they fail to focus on the larger
picture. Hitting multiple problem areas at once is the key. Strategies have to swing the balance between carrot and stick, finding a balance between
rehabilitation and penalty. An ideal course of action would be one that is multifaceted and focuses on the cause of truancy and not the action as well as
one that involves the parents or guardian(s). This would include tactics such as monitoring students that have shown chronic nonattendance while
articulating clear and concise punishments for failure, the right to detain truants, support and counseling for parents as well as students, reward
incentives, and afterschool and in school programs that keep students engaged.

Long Before Carver High School Essay
Long before Carver High School was builEnsuring success in school begins with getting the habit of keeping a good attendance record at a young age.
It is imperative to have young students drilled with the notion of always going to school for their own benefit. High attendance is key to success
because it has been documented that students who show up to school more, have better results.
Going to school frequently won't guarantee that those children learn however, missing expanded times of school puts a kid at danger. Especially when
they miss moments where they are supposed to be gaining the fundamental scholarly abilities that prompt getting to be successful. All children, despite
ethnicity and financial foundation, do scholastically worse in first grade on the off chance that they are chronically truant (missing 10 percent or a
greater amount of school including pardoned and unexcused absences) in kindergarten. A late study in California found that just 17 percent of kids
chronically missing in both kindergarten and first grade were capable perusers before the end of third grade when contrasted with 64 percent of their
companions who ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The short–term effects are an increase in delinquent, criminal and gang activity. Long–term effects include poor physical and mental health, the
continuance of family poverty and a high risk of addiction and incarceration", (Effects of Truancy). Schools are recording truancy petitions and parents
are being acquired into court a few urban areas. San Francisco alone there are 5000 children truant consistently. There are insufficient courts and
insufficient prosecutors to compose sworn statements to address the quantity of truancies that occur every day in the United States. There should be a
change of mentality toward the significance of training; an administration that deliberately persuades and illuminates society to reality about

Summary Of Stephanie Camp's Article 'I Could Not Stay There'
Historical debates about the enslavement period of America is constantly being developed and refined as new primary sources and research in academic
areas progress. Stephanie Camp brings a new historical perspective that attempts to build on previous historical debates by building on underdeveloped
areas of America's Antebellum Period. It is therefore vital to understand the previous historical debates and the arguments that align and contend with
Camp's argument. The broader and earlier historical contentions of the Slave South tend to focus on the behaviour and repressive nature of slaves
rather than the formation of rebellion in the South. Historian Kenneth Stampp who wrote The Peculiar Institution (1956) helped to redefine and focus on
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The article draws on evidence gathered from plantation owner's personal writings, bondwomens accounts, relatives accounts and statistics to
demonstrate the everyday events and repertoires that occurred in Antebellum plantations. Using plantations accounts such as William Ervin, Camp is
able to give us an insight into the formation of the plantation and the spatial borders that limit slaves. Furthermore, plantation accounts from owners
gives insight into the punishment that bondpeople receive. This essential knowledge provides an understanding into the conditions that bondpeople
dealt with every day and the psychological mind set of plantation owners. Camp builds on these fundamental ideals by using primary accounts from
enslaved people to bring an understanding in why truancy was an everyday occurrence. Specifically, Camp uses bondwomen's accounts to understand
the gender norms that led to different acts and rates of rebellion inconsistent with men. Camp focuses on the gender issue of women and the
expectations laid by other slave members as described by Patience M. Avery. The last essential primary evidence that Camp uses to form her argument
is through statistics of slave women which demonstrate the lack of women escaping to the north in specific states. However, some of her statistics have
the potential to limit her argument as shown in describing incidents of truancy on plantation farms in South Carolina. These statistics occur in different
years, 1828 and 1831 to show the rate of women committing truancy, however the differences in years could indicate that these rates could be an
anomaly. Therefore, although Camp brings in useful and relative source to build a constructive argument there are areas which could limit the article.
Camps overall uses vital primary sources builds on her contention

Argumentative Essay : Why Should Children Be Tried As Adults
Do you ever wonder why kids get tried as adults? The charges could involve a serious violent case, truancy, underage drinking & curfew violation.
Those 3 reason are why teenage kids can be tried as adults. Some juvenile cases get transferred to adult criminal court through a process called a
"waiver". There's more reason why teenage kids can be tried as adults but ill just give you these 3 reasons
Teenage kids can be tried as adults to, depends on what crime they had caused. For example; felony murder, rape & many more there serious crimes
can make teenage kids tried as adults crimes. The criminals and juveniles who commit adult crimes . Even kids can run afoul of the law. Once this
happens, and a child enters the criminal justice system
Juvenile delinquents are minors, usually defined as being between the ages of 10 and 18, who have committed some act that violates the law, Rather,
crimes committed by minors are called "delinquent acts." Instead of a trial, the juvenile has an "adjudication," after which she receives a "disposition"
and a sentence. However, juvenile proceedings differ from adult proceedings. even try children as adults. When children are tried as juveniles, on the
other hand, parents are often required to pay the court costs for the child.
Other reason is why kids would be tried as adults is because of truancy truancy laws state that any child between the ages of 6 and 16 must attend
school. If a student's 16th birthday happens during a school year

Truancy And Absenteeism Be The Problem Within The School...
Chapter 1
1.0.Introduction
Pupils have been absconding accounts lessons for years. Truancy and absenteeism have been the problem within the school system. This chapter
focuses on the identification of the major causes and effects of truancy and absenteeism in a research which is being carried out during accounts
lessons at Crossdale High School in Nyanga District.
1.1Statement of the problem
A research into some of the major causes and effects of truancy and absenteeism at Crossdale High School in Nyanga.
1.2Background of the problem.
More often than not, truancy is the first sign of trouble that indicate that young person is giving up and losing his/her way. Gary (1997) stipulated that
truancy is a serious problem in many communities, those students who do not attend school regularly are often taking a step towards lifetime of
problems and truancy indicates that a young person is losing for sight for the demands of life. Low turn up for the accounts lesson, delinquent
behaviour in class, not writing exercises and test among others are the manifestation of truancy within a classroom setup. Learners at Crossdale high
school do not attend school regularly.
Consequently a lot of teachers are not concerned about the number of pupils who attend their lessons. Most teachers agreed that there is a problem of
truancy and absenteeism that emanated when they failed to enforce discipline at the school, monitoring the attendance of pupils to the school and their
behaviour at

Parental Involvement in their Child's Education Essays
When my six year old daughter comes home every Friday I expect a green folder filled with colorful masterpieces she created during integrated
arts, three new weekly reading books, seven to ten double sided pages of homework, an array of spam letters trying to sell us food and a variety of
other things and last but not least, letters from her teacher. Every week it is my responsibility to go through this folder, respond to communication
letters, and work with my daughter to complete any assigned work. If I do not work with her on this it won't get done and she will fall behind in school.
Yes, there are some days that I wish I could just flip on my TV and ignore the fact that she has homework, but until she graduates it is my responsibility
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to a story printed in The New York Times written by John Couwels, a CNN reporter, "The parents' grades of 'satisfactory,' 'unsatisfactory' or
'needs improvement' would be added to their children's report card" (2011, p. 1). The grades would be based on a simple grading scale that covers
three basic guidelines: "A child should be at school on time, prepared to learn after a good night's sleep, and have eaten a meal. A child should have the
homework done and prepared for examinations. There should be regular communication between the parent and teacher" (Couwels, 2011, p. 1). The
guidelines are very clear and straightforward. They are not complex, they are things parents should already be doing, yet the bill is being met with
fierce opposition. In the CNN article, Florida lawmaker wants teachers to grade parents, Kindergarten teacher Theresa Hill states: "We grade our
children based on their performance. Why should the parents be any different" (Couwels, 2011, p. 1)? Why is it that a law to improve children's
education being met with so much resistance from parents? After all this law is only trying to help children, not inconvenience parents. The blame is
constantly being placed on the teacher and school. While teachers and schools are a major key to a child's education, there are more components. In an
article printed in The New York Times, Thomas Friedman writes:
There's no question that a great teacher can make a

The Pros And Cons Of Truancy
Truancy is any unauthorized and intentional or illegal absence from mandatory education. Students being absent from primary schools or institutions
providing compulsory education at their free will without any reference to legitimate reasons for absence like medical conditions is the phenomenon of
truancy. Students who attend school but not classes are also subject to be charged with truancy. It is prevalent in both UAE and UK, though explicitly
defined in policies and procedural handbooks of almost every school across the countries.
In Wales and England, truancy is deemed as a criminal offence for guardians. UK laws allow a police officer of the rank of a superintendent or higher
to direct regional police officers to move or report ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One such strict determination of the government to combat truancy was noticeable the following year. The education ministry of UAE emphasized that
students needed to be present at school on the three days after the Eid Al–Adha Holiday. Schools were authorized to penalized students committing
truancy.
The Eid Al–Adha holiday announced to be on October 5th and 6th (Sunday and Monday) this year and followed by three normal working days.
Several guardians and students have had a knack of ignoring the three days following the Eid Al–Adha holiday in order to experience an extended
vacation. The Wadeema's Law, a legal child protection initiative undertaken by the UAE government includes measures to combat truancy in several
ways. In my observation, I noticed students in UAE committed truancy and extended Eid Al–Adha Holiday on their will. I predict the same behavior
from students who committed truancy on Eid Al–Adha Holiday will be repeated again on the upcoming National Day Holiday. Through this law,
movie theaters allowing children to go in for age–inappropriate movies and shisha cafes permitting minors' entry are legible for fines (Veenstra, et al.
2010). Wadeema's Law was inaugurated in 2013 in honor of a 8–year old girl tortured and starved to death by her

Repeated Suspension From School
Students who are disruptive, truant, or disobedient should not be suspended from school because suspension is counterintuitive: Siegel (2015)
identifies there is a correlation between juvenile delinquency and school absences, while the lecture notes (2016) reveal that students who graduate
have less instances of criminality in later life. These two sources show that the more students remain in school, the less chance they will have of
exhibiting delinquent behavior. Suspending a student from school as a form of discipline effectively removes the student from the school system. As
repeated suspensions can result in expulsion, which would remove a student from school entirely, suspension as a form of discipline creates a system
where students who become suspended will often be unsupervised and therefore more likely to engage in delinquent behavior. If truancy is the reason a
suspension is administered, then releasing the student from further school obligations during the suspended time may even seem rewarding to the
student, who was originally attempting to skip attendance in the first place. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When a student is suspended, he or she may not have any supervision while at home because his or parents may be working at the time. Thus, this
places an inconvenient burden on parents to find adequate supervision for their suspended child. If this burden is financial, and parents cannot afford to
find adequate supervision for the suspended child, then the child will simply be unsupervised during the suspension. However, Siegel identifies that
one of the contributing factors to delinquency is a lack of parental supervision (2015), so suspending a student may actually encourage delinquent

StudentВґs Truancy Rate and Academic Performance
Did you know that, according to the United States Department of Education, on any given school day over 2 million students won't show up for school
in the United States? (Bullock) Truancy can lead to a multitude of undesirable attributes, such as delinquency, poor school performance, and an
increased risk of dropping out of school. Truancy is defined differently from state to state, which makes it difficult to research and come up with the
reasons students do not attend school. Generally, truancy can be defined as the state of being truant, or a student who misses school without permission
from his parents or from the school. From this definition, you can assume that one of the three subjects is to blame, the student, the parent, or the
school. Many states focus on blaming and penalizing the student, which usually leads to more truancy and an increased chance of delinquent behavior.
In order to decrease truancy, schools must begin placing responsibility on the parents as well as increasing the amount of communication with the
parents or guardians. Placing responsibility on the parents increases their incentive to make sure their children attend school because they can be fined,
ordered to do community service, or even be sent to jail for contempt of court. Increased communication between the school and the parents or
guardians will reduce truancy by letting the parent know exactly what is going on in their children's lives. Increasing parental involvement in student's
lives

The Impact Of Truant Behaviors In Schools
With the passing of the Truancy SB 1317 in January 2010, and through amended legislation since, different agencies have been impacted with the way
they conduct business as it relates to truant behaviors. Those who are most impacted by SB 1317, are parents and other stakeholders such as, schools,
juvenile justice system and law enforcement. SB 1317, states that the families of truant youth are now being held responsible when a child is
chronically truant (California Legislative Information , 2009). Furthermore, to help reduce youth delinquency, drug use and other criminal activities
which involve the juvenile justice system, schools are required to maintain efficient records of attendance ( U.S. Department of Education, 2017).
Schools In... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In California, approximately 34 percent of the student population were considered chronically truant within the 2015–2016 school year ( National
Center for Educational Statistics, 2017). However, while there is no national data openly accessible on school–based recommendations, and an overall
decrease in juvenile crime, there are still areas which report large numbers for school–based juvenile court referrals. Thus, impacting the juvenile courts
(Morgan, 2014). Law Enforcement Truancy also has an impact on our Law Enforcement agencies throughout California. Police officers are now
hired to work in collaboration with schools to reduce delinquent behaviors including truancies. The impact has created a new need for police
officers to work on school campus, however teachers are now looking to on campus police to handle the discipline within the school. In California,
more than 50 percent of the school districts give staff complete option to call police for behaviors that should be addressed by school. These
disciplines include general school rule violations, bullying, school disruption and Vandalism (66.7% of districts give staff discretion or even require
reporting to police). Helpful Data and Research Research Studies When researching data and statistics with regards to the impact of SB 1317, there
were a

Factors Of Truancy
The prevalence of truancy continues to emerge at an unprecedented pace and is posing a challenge to the government of Trinidad and Tobago. Recent
research argues that this problem is not limited to Trinidad and Tobago but has been occurring globally, throughout the twentieth century. Truancy is an
ongoing problem that occurs in many schools and it is mainly committed by students from as early as, primary school and secondary school in the
lower forms. However, often truancy is practiced by girls between the ages of 14 – 15 and boys 16 –17 years but as they get older that behaviour
lessens (Bailey 2010). Students will be absent from school because of illness, family emergency, accidents, funeral and so forth. They are also absent
because of an appointment, good and bad... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is reflected by students being influenced by their peers, having poor relationships with their peers, being bullied, and how the curriculum is
delivered to the students (Reid, 2005)
Statement of the problem
Truancy is an ongoing problem in the Trinidad and Tobago education system.
Purpose of the study
The intent of this study was to examine the factors of truancy in a secondary school in central Trinidad. The purpose of this study was to test the social
control theory that relates low performance, school environment, socioeconomic status, the family and the community to truancy of students from the
ages of 14 to 17 years. Truancy will be defined as an inexcusable absence from school or class.
Significance of the study:
In order to arrest and address the problem of truancy, parents, educators, administrators and other stakeholders need to make and implement informed
decisions. This study will contribute to the body of research on the issue and will provide empirical proof needed to develop effective, positive

Christian Deleon Essay
In the state of Texas, Christian Deleon wakes up with his music blaring so he can be motivated to go to school for the day. Being 15 years old, and
living in the Houston area, he is afraid of one thing: Recapping ninth grade. Being a freshman, Deleon has missed so many days of school for the
year, that this statement might become a reality for him. Suffering with a few disorders, such as ADHD and depression, he is having a decent day,
utters his mother. When he is having a good day, he sits on the couch and plays more upbeat songs as he quietly listens in the dark, eagerly waiting a
little while before he heads to school. On days like these, he attends and actually stays for the whole day. Deleon is one amongst the thousands of kids
from the Lone–Star state– "nearly 100,000 during the 2014 fiscal year alone, according to the state Supreme Court" (Gliha) – to actually have to go to
court because they have missed ten or more days in the last 6 months. Truancy is considered a criminal offense in Texas, a Class C misdemeanor to
be exact, and it can lead up to at least $500 dollars in fines each time a student misses. If a student has fines that are not paid by the time they turn 17,
they can also face serious jail time.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Southwell talks about being a truant from personal experience when he was in school, and how it's affected him. He demonstrates how truancy has
contrary views, and specifies on what educational needs are to be worked on, such as having learning disorders such as dyslexia, homework help, and
needing guidance about at–home situations. The three main causes of truancy according to Southwell are lack of the help that students receive in the
environment and at school, fear of being made fun of because they ask for help with work, or being away from school so long with an illness. These
causes can also be considered as cries of

Ferris Bueller's Day Off Psychology
Ferris Bueller's Day Off is one of my favorite movies of all time. He lets go of all responsibility for an entire day and is open to any and all
adventures that come his way which reminds me of my experience with yoga. We could all learn some very valuable lessons from this movie.
When practicing yoga is the only time I feel that I get to connect with myself and feel open to anything that comes my way. Ferris's day off is his
form of yoga because he is able to reflect on what makes him happy. By taking a day off from all responsibility Ferris gets to do what makes him
happy and reflect on himself and his friends throughout the day. While watching the movie I was most focused on Ferris and his routine throughout
the movie. I felt as though his day off was a very long form of meditation for him and taking a break from his daily routine. The definition of
meditation from "The Yoga Journal" is to "engage in contemplation or reflection" another definition for meditation is "The object of meditation is
anything used to help focus the mind" (Pg. 217). Both of these definitions seem very true to my meaning of meditation which is giving yourself time...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I have learned to stay in the moment and it's not a bad thing to focus on yourself at times. I believe if you notice you're in the moment, you're
present, you're paying attention to every detail, savoring the moment, you win. You are a success! If you notice you're not in the moment, you're
not present, you're not paying attention to every detail, not savoring the moment, you loose. The quote made by Ferris "Life moves pretty fast. If
you don't stop and look around once in awhile, you could miss it." This has been my favorite quote from this movie because I feel it describes my
expiernce with yoga the best because yoga has given me time to analyize myself and take a break get to reflect on life instead of taking a day off like
Ferris and his

Understanding Truancy Problem from Various Perspectives
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0:Statement of the Problem2
2.0:Motives and Goals6
3.0:Research Question and Objectives6
4.0:Literature Review7
5.0:Research Strategies10
6.0:Concepts11
7.0:Data Sources, Types, and Forms13
8.0:Selection of Data Sources13
9.0:Data Collection and Timing14
10.0:Data Reduction and Analysis14
11.0:Problems and Limitation19
12.0: Conclusion20
13.0: References25
14.0: Interview Question27
UNDERSTANDING TRUANCY PROBLEM FROM VARIOUS PERSPECTIVES. A CASE STUDY IN A SELECTED
SCHOOL IN PENANG
ISLAND. STATEMENT OF THE TOPIC/PROBLEM
Truancy or absenteeism has been a common problem faced by many schools in Malaysia whether they are urban or rural. It is also considered as a
disciplinary problem that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Consistency refers to the means by which the attendance policy is put into practice by everyone involved with the school. The school policy
document needs to be owned by all staff. The objective of the school policy document is to promote good attendance and to implement a sound
system for monitoring student behavior and progress. Schools who keep accurate attendance records are better able to identify truancy problems early.
This includes noting tardiness, patterns of tardiness and/or absences or absences around particular days (such as holidays) as these may be red flags
that there is a problem. In order for the policy to be effective, students must be made aware of the policy, held accountable for their actions, and the
policy must be followed consistently. (Meaning the consequences for truancy, such as detention, in school suspension, counseling, etc. are enforced
each and every time a child is truant). When a student is absent, make every effort to contact the parent and try to figure out what might be going on. If
time allows, call the parent during the day instead of calling in the evening. The teachers should talk to the student about why he/she was absent. Make

sure that the student realizes that the teachers are aware of the absences and care about him/her being in school. Parents play the fundamental role in the
education of their children. This applies to every family regardless of the parents' station in

Strengths Of Strength And Resiliency
Strengths and Resiliencies
The state of Minnesota is one of the areas in the country with the most organization that work towards social empowerment. These organizations are
steadfast in helping the public deal with social issues and other problems such as anxiety, depression that may result from many reasons such as poverty
and the hardships faced in life that may lead to an increase in the truancy rates in schools. This is one of the strengths boasted by the county in an effort
to make the counties within the state resilient to social problems such as truancy and other social challenges that may result from poverty. The
organizations primary focus in towards building a resilient mindset among members of the community especially young people in order to empower
them with the ability to cope with challenges and for them to apply various strategies that can change the various situations they go through.
Most public organization in the Minnesota apply a strategy that is aimed at promoting resilience in children. The strategy is divided into three phases
namely catch, challenge and change. These strategies are applied in the community where periodical sensitization is done around the schools and many
programs are born within the same ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The state has conducted extensive research through various organizations to ensure that the problems that have been causing the increasing rates of
truancy have been identified and ample resources have been allocated in providing solutions. The major problem that has been attributed to the
increased levels of truancy is poverty, peer influence and drug abuse. The community as a whole has come together in ensuring that proper help is
provided in schools and other organizations that conduct social services to the general public demanding such

Refusal To Attend School: A Student With Disabilities
IDEA requires the following: "(when) a student with disabilities has behavior problems, regardless of the student's eligibility category, the IEP team
should consider positive behavioral interventions, strategies, and supports–to address these problems" (Yell, 2016, p. 66). Refusal to attend school is a
behavior that is impeding the student's ability to learn. The administrator in this situation took the right actions by first reviewing the records for this
student. The next step would be to schedule an IEP team meeting so that the team can come together to discuss the lack of attendance and possible
ways to address this concern. The team needs to determine what the underlying cause for the behavior might be.
This student's refusal to attend school might be for a variety of different reasons. There could be issues at home or at school that are causing this student
to withdraw. The parent is an important member of the team and will be able to provide insight into what is happening in the home prior to attempting
to get the student to attend school each morning. The other members of the team may be able to add insight into anything that might be happening
during the school day that might cause the student to avoid school. The school psychologist should be invited to attend this meeting along with anyone
else that might be able to add insight. The team may ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This plan should include positive behavior supports that will address the lack of attendance. A positive behavior support plan should include input from
the student and should provide motivation for increasing the positive behavior. A reward or token system may be effective. This could include
"earning" privileges such as lunch with a teacher, extra computer time/art time, a homework pass, etc. after the student has attended school for a certain
number of

Ethical Issues In Social Work
being shared. Summarizing the conversation provided clarity resolving any areas of misunderstanding about her situation (Shulman, 2016, p237).
Through this process of engagement pertinent information about this student was obtained. (AS) spoke about her culture, family, past school history
and why she feels she needs counseling. (AS) requested weekly in school counseling sessions to help her with her poor school attendance. (AS)
verbalized that she has struggled with her school attendance for a very long time. She is a fifteen year–old Hispanic female who lives with her
biological mother and four year old biological brother. Prior to her enrolling in Morris High School for collaborative studies, she attended two other
schools. She is challenged by periodic episodes of anxiety, she is currently taking medication to help manage her symptoms,which she states prevents
her from attending school regularly. Defining the problem... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Problems are defined as interactions between people and their environments (Burghardt, 2014, p247). The social worker's approach for defining a
problem must entail all three systems at the micro, mezzo and macro levels (Burghardt, 2014, p247). The worker engages directly with the client at
the micro level (Burghardt, 2014 ,p247). At this level the client and the social worker identify the client's strengths and abilities. The focus at the
mezzo level is on agencies, schools and businesses rather than the individual. The purpose of the mezzo system is to coordinate people and resources
(Burghardt 2014,p247). The aimed at the macro level is to improve people's lives, encourage social development and collaborating with different
organizations (Burghardt, 2014,

No Child Left Behind And Zero Tolerance Programs
Shift to "Tough on crime": No Child Left Behind and Zero Tolerance programs In the 1980 's , there were "tough on crime" laws and "zero tolerance"
programs that were enforced to foster a healthy education environment for children and adolescents; specifically targeting repeat juvenile offenders. As
a result, we have learned that instilling laws such as No Child Left Behind and enforcing Zero Tolerance programs in school settings are too rigid and
cause more issues than benefits for children, caretakers, and the school systems. When researchers from helping professions analyze this issue from
parts of Bronfenbrenner 's ecological approach, we can understand some harmful contributing factors in the relationships between the student, the
caregiver, the educators and law enforcers. In the Microsystem we discussed that many of the direct connections between the student and the teacher
appear to be cold and strict. The stress of the No Child Left Behind Act caused teachers to force their students to pass standardized testing. Also, zero
tolerance policies were causing teachers to use more of an authoritarian approach in classroom management. If they were not cooperative or well
mannered at all times, they were punished. Enforcers of these policies and laws never took into consideration other emotional, biological or
environmental factors that may be impacting the students negative behavior. Punishments were sometimes cruel and unnecessary: detention, and in/out
of school

The Major Components Of Crime Prevention
In this essay I have been tasked to describe the major components of crime prevention. You might think that this is an easy thing to do however, there
are many aspects to crime prevention and in order to define it we need to have an understanding of what crime prevention is. In this essay I will give
you my definition of what crime prevention is as well as describe the major components of crime prevention. I will explain the relationship of crime
prevention to the Criminal Justice System. I will then give you two or more institutions through which crime prevention programs and practices are
delivered and then lastly I will utilize examples to support my discussion. My definition of crime prevention is the attempt or effort of a government to
reduce and deter crime and criminals. It also encompasses the effort to enforce the law and uphold criminal justice. Crime prevention is an integral part
of most of the components that make up the Criminal Justice System. The Criminal Justice System has five components and they are; law enforcement,
prosecutors, defense attorneys, courts, and corrections. The one component that I do not believe crime prevention is a part of is defense attorneys. For
each other component however, crime prevention I believe is close to the end state for each component. The relationship of crime prevention to each
component in the Criminal Justice System starts with law enforcement. The Police Officer is the first line of defense against crime.

Promoting High Attendance Rate in Schools
Attendance Policy in Richland Two School District Richland Two Attendance Policy District Two of Richland Schools in Columbia, South Carolina
adhere to the State attendance laws. For all grade levels between Kindergarten and 12th grade, students must attend 170 of the 180 days of school in
order to receive credit for the academic year, meaning they are granted 10 days of lawful absences without penalty ("Richland school district," 2013).
Lawful absences are those in which documentation is provided to the school within five days and demonstrate any of the following reasons: illness or
death in immediate family, a recognized religious holidays, medical appointments, court appearances, school–related activities, suspensions, or illness.
Any absence that extends beyond the granted days must be accompanied by a medical excuse and approved by the principal. In addition, at any point
beyond 10 absences, the principal has the right to revoke promotion to the next grade level. In order to meet district and state truancy criteria, a student
must have 5 unlawful absences or 3 consecutive unlawful absences. Note that a student who has longer than 3 days between enrollments at different
schools is also considered truant. Once a student is identified as truant, the school officials will call an Attendance Improvement Plan (AIP) meeting
with the guardian and student (when appropriate) to address the causes of absences, plans to improve attendance, and steps that will be taken if further

Why A Credit Recovery Intervention Program Will Impact...
Truancy is defined as being absent from school without an excusable reason. New Mexico identifies truancy as having occurred after the fifth
unexcused absence according to the New Mexico Public Education Department (2014). Earning credit is defined as the successful completion of
classes. Students must meet a minimum number of credits each year to advance to the next grade level. Students who do not earn credit for a course
will either have to repeat the class or take credit recovery courses online after school or during summer school, which can be costly and time
consuming. The independent variables in this study are the intervention program and the judicial involvement. The dependent variable is the
attendance of the two groups of sample students during the second semester of school, after they have either attended intervention or been processed
by the court system. Literature Review This research study seeks to ascertain whether a credit recovery intervention program will impact students with
truancy issues and credit loss to help prevent further loss of credits. If the program proves to be effective on a local scale, its model could be studied
further and applied to other districts. This review of literature will describe examples of current research which will define the concerns that accompany
truancy and previous attempts at intervention for the students affected by this issue. Risk Factors A study conducted by Nolan, Cole, Wroughton,
Clayton–Code, and Riffe

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