7 c's

1. What is communication?
would you define it?
Communicatin
Communication is defined as the interchange of thoughts or opinions through
shared symbols; e.g. language, words, phrases
Think like a wise man but communicate in the language of the people. William
We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen twice as much as we
Communication is the real work of leadership. Nitin Nohria
Concretness
A. Use specific facts and figures
B. Put Action inyour verbs
C. Choose Vivid, Image-Building Words
Misunderstanding of word haveproduced tragedies
In both war and peace, in business and non-business situation
Communication concretely means being, specific definite, and vivid rather
than vague and general . often it mean using denotative(dirct,explicit ,often
dictionary-based) rather than cannotative words (ideas or notions
suggested by or associated with a word or phrase). Thus the term female
may appear in a personelfolder as a part of a job description, yet widely
different coontation may occur when using term as wife, mother ,spinster

2. Widow,maiden or dowager. Each of these latter term also refers to female
but with wide-ranging associations.
The benefits to business professionalsof using concretefacts and figures
are obvious:your recievers know exactly whatis requires and desired
 Specific facts and figures
 Put action in your verbs
 Choosevivd , image-building word
How to compose a concrete, convincing message (aguideline):
Specific facts and figures
Whenever possible, use an exact ,precisestatement or a figure in place pf a
general word to make your messagemore concrete .
Vague ,general Information Concrete,Precise
Students GMAT scores are In 1996 the GMATscores
Higher. Averaged 600; by 1997
Ther had risen to 610
She’s a brain. Her grade point averagein 1996
Was 3.9 on a four point scale.

3. Note in the aboveexamples that someof the vaguewords areopinion words
What is higher? What does being a brain mean?
For example, the following word can also lead to uncertainty, confusion;
Slightly small soon early high about
Most a few slow very almost several
Put actionin your verbs
Exception when we use passive rather than active voice.
1. When youavoidpersonal,blunt,accusationsorcomments.
o You failedtoenclose the check.(A.V)
o The check wasnot enclosed.(P.V)
2. Whenyouwant to stressthe objectof the action.
o You are invited.(ActiveVoice)
o We invite you.(Passive Voice)
3. Whenthe doeris notimportant.
o Three announcementsweremade beforemeetingstarted.(P.V)
o Figuresshow.(A.V)
o isshownby figures.(P.V)

4. Chose vividand image building words:
Business writing uses less figurative language than dosethe world of fiction
devices to make the language more forcefuland vivid.
1. Sensory appeal: concrete language often evokes a sensory responseinn
people, it appeals to one or moreof the five senses and such language is more
descriptivethan conversionalbusiness language. For example: it was hot in
the factory. (Itis literal)
o Sweat trickled down the arms of the worker. Sensory appealvery often
used in marketproducts.
2. Comparison: Analogies (sameto same) either literal or figurative makeunclear
ideas clear and more vivid.
o Some women were stopped in their promotion. (Literal)
o Some women face “glass ceiling” in their promotion. (Figurative)
o Aslamis lion like. (Comparison