Basic first aid
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Presentation about basic first aid Technics.
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Basic first aid
- 2. 2 DEFINITION FIRST AID IS THE IMMEDIATE AND TEMPORARY CARE GIVEN TO AN INJURED OR SICK PERSON UNTIL THE SERVICE OF A DOCTOR OR MEDICAL AID IS MADE AVILABLE
- 3. 3 PURPOSE SAVE AND SUSTAIN LIFE RELIVE PAIN PROMOTE SPEEDY RECOVERY PREVENT DISABILITY AND DEATH ARRANGE EARLY AND SPEEDY TRANSPORTATION
- 4. 4 Types of BleedingTypes of Bleeding •Veins •Capillary Spurting Steady flow Oozing Artery Internal Injuries
- 5. 5 Types of WoundsTypes of Wounds
- 6. 6 Control of BleedingControl of Bleeding Direct Pressure Elevation Cold Applications Pressure bandage
- 7. 7 TourniquetTourniquet Absolute last resort in controlling bleeding Once a tourniquet is applied, it is not to be removed , only by a doctor
- 8. 8 Pressure PointsPressure Points Where the artery passes over a bone close to the skin Temporal Facial Carotid Sub-clavian Brachial Radial Ulnar Femoral Popliteal Pedal
- 9. 9 BurnsBurns Cool applicationDon’t break blisters Dry sterile dressing, treat for shock RAPID TRANSPORT!!!
- 11. 11 Minor Burns Treatment: •Place the injured part under slowly running water, or soak in cold water for 10 minutes or as long as pain persists. •Gently remove any rings, watches, belts, and shoes from the injured area before it starts to swell. •Dress with clean, sterile, non fluffy material. •Don't use adhesive dressings. •Don't apply lotions, ointments or fat to burn/ scald. •Don't break blisters or otherwise interfere. •If in doubt, seek medical aid.
- 12. 12 Severe Burns and Scalds Treatment: •Cool the burn area with water for 10 to 20 minutes. •Lay the casualty down and make him as comfortable as possible, protecting burn area from ground contact. •Gently remove any rings, watches, belts or constricting clothing from the injured area before it begins to swell. •Cover the injured area loosely with sterile unmedicated dressing or similar non fluffy material and bandage. •Don't remove anything that is sticking to the burn. •Don't apply lotions, ointments, butter or fat to the injury. •Don't break blisters or otherwise interfere with the injured area. •Don't over-cool the patient and cause shivering. •If breathing and heartbeat stop, begin resuscitation immediately, •If casualty is unconscious but breathing normally, place in the recovery position. •Treat for shock. •Send for medical attention and prep for transport.
- 13. 13 Chemical BurnsChemical Burns Treatment: •Flood the area with slowly running water forFlood the area with slowly running water for at least ten minutes. (or proper neutralizingat least ten minutes. (or proper neutralizing agent)agent) •Gently remove contaminated clothing whileGently remove contaminated clothing while flooding injured area, taking care not toflooding injured area, taking care not to contaminate yourself.contaminate yourself. •Continue treatment for SEVERE BURNSContinue treatment for SEVERE BURNS •Remove to hospital.Remove to hospital.
- 14. 14 Fractures & DislocationsFractures & Dislocations Must treat for bleeding first Do not push bones back into place Don’t straighten break Treat the way you found it
- 15. 15 IF A DISLOCATION IS SUSPECTED...IF A DISLOCATION IS SUSPECTED... 1. Apply a splint to the joint to keep it from moving.1. Apply a splint to the joint to keep it from moving. 2. Try to keep joint elevated to slow bloodflow to the area2. Try to keep joint elevated to slow bloodflow to the area 3. A doctor should be contacted to have the bone set back3. A doctor should be contacted to have the bone set back into its socket.into its socket. The most common dislocations occur in the shoulder, elbow,The most common dislocations occur in the shoulder, elbow, finger, or thumb.finger, or thumb. DislocationsDislocations LOOK FOR THESE SIGNS:LOOK FOR THESE SIGNS: 1. swelling1. swelling 2. deformed look2. deformed look 3. pain and tenderness3. pain and tenderness 4. possible discoloration of the affected area4. possible discoloration of the affected area
- 16. 16 splints
- 17. 17 Slinge
- 18. 18 ShockShock Shock affects all major functions of the body loss of blood flow to the tissues and organs Shock must be treated in all accident cases
- 20. 20 Treatment for ShockTreatment for Shock •Lie victim down if possibleLie victim down if possible •Face is pale-raise the tailFace is pale-raise the tail •Face is red-raise the headFace is red-raise the head •Loosen tight clothingLoosen tight clothing •Keep victim warm and dryKeep victim warm and dry •Do not give anything by mouthDo not give anything by mouth •No stimulantsNo stimulants
- 22. 22 ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION MOUTH –TO- MOUTH
- 23. 23
- 24. 24 Heimlich ManeuverHeimlich Maneuver forfor Conscious Airway ObstructionConscious Airway Obstruction
- 25. 25 Cardio Pulmonary ResuscitationCardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)(CPR) • Should be trained to perform this procedure • If done improperly, could harm victim • Courses available everywhere – 30 Compressions to 2 Breaths – For Everyone!
- 26. 26 CPR
- 27. 27 FIRST AID IN HYPO GLYCEMIA • If person unconscious clear airways & place in recovery position • If conscious give sugary drinks, sugar lumps , sweets • If no improvement send for doctor • In hyperglycemia skin is dry, pulse is rapid with acetone breath, urgent hospitalization is required
- 28. 28 Snake bite
- 29. 29 Snake bite • Wash wound with soap/water • Immobilize the affected area • Keep area slightly elevated • Apply cool compress/wet cloth to affected part • Apply a firm bandage 2-4 inches above bite to i. Prevent venom from spreading ii.Take care of any bleeding