Database and its types

1. Database
and
Types of Database

2. Data
• Data can be facts related to any object in
consideration.
• For example, your name, age, height, weight,
etc. are some data related to you.

3. Database
• A database in a place where the data is stored.
• The database is an organized collection of data to
make it easily accessible.
• For example - Library is database and books are
the data.
• In layman terms, consider a school registry. All
the details of the students are entered in a single
file. You get the details regarding the students in
this file. This is called a Database where you can
access the information of any student.

5. Relational Database
• A relational database stores data in tables
• The data tables used in a relational database store
information about related objects. Each row holds a record
with a unique identifier -- known as a Primary key -- and
each column contains the attributes of the data. Each
record assigns a value to each feature, making relationships
between data points easy to identify.
• The relationship between tables can be set via the use of
foreign keys -- a field in a table that links to the primary key
of another table.
• Historically, the most popular relational databases have
been Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle Database, MySQL and
IBM DB2.

7. ACID
• A – Atomicity
• C – Consistency
• I – Isolation
• D – Durability
• Relational databases are used in applications
that require high accuracy and for
transactional queries. E.g Banking

9. Advantages
• Secure
• Easy to understand
• Simple to use
• Multiuser

10. Disadvantages
• Performance Issue
• Hard to scale- can only be scaled vertically
• Inflexibility

11. Non – Relational Database
• No SQL databases store complex unstructured
data.
• Data is stored in different formats so we have
different types of non- relational databases.
• Used when we have large amounts of data.
• They are comparatively fast.

12. BASE
• BASE acronym is used to describe properties
of certain databases, usually NOSQL
databases.
• BASE consists of three principles
1) B A – Basically available
2) S – Soft State
3) Eventual Consistent

13. Types
of
Non-Relational Database

14. 1
• Example - Redis, memcached

16. • Examples – Neo4j Database

17. • Example - Cassandra, Hbase etc

18. Database ! = DBMS

20. SQL
• Language that communicates with the database
• SQL is the standard database language used by all
RDBMS like Oracle, MYSQL, SYBASE, PostgreSQL
etc.
• SQL is declarative language – what to do?
• They also use a variety of dialects , like
PL/SQL – ORACLE
T-SQL – Microsoft SQL Server

21. SQL Commands
• DDL – Data Definition Language
-Create - Alter -Drop -Truncate
• DML – Data Manipulation Language
- Select - Insert -Update -Delete
• DCL – Data Control Language
- Grant - Revoke
• TCL – Transaction Control Language
- Commit -Rollback -Savepoint

22. Thank You