This document provides an overview of databases and database management systems (DBMS). It discusses the main types of databases as relational, hierarchical, and network databases. It defines a DBMS as software that allows users to create, read, update and delete data from a database. A relational database management system (RDBMS) like MySQL or SQL Server allows data to be organized into related tables with rows and columns. Key differences between file systems and DBMS are also outlined, such as redundant data, query processing, security, and data independence in DBMS. Examples of DBMS discussed include Microsoft Access, MySQL, and structured query language (SQL).

1. Database: Lecture 1
Awinash Goswami

2. Outline
• Overview of Database
• Types of Database
• DBMS
• RDBMS
• DBMS vs RDBMS
• MS Access, SQL, MySQL
• File System vs DBMS

3. Overview of Database
• A database is an organized collection of information saved on
computer.

4. Types of Database
• Relational Database
• A relational
database is a
collection of data
organized into a
table structure.
Each table has a
connection with
other table based
on some common
data.

5. Types of Database…
• Hierarchical Database:
A hierarchical database is a data
model in which data is stored in the
form of records and organized into a
tree-like structure, or parent-child
structure.

6. Types of Database…
• Network Database:
Network database
management systems are
based on a network data
model that allows each
record to have multiple
parents and multiple child
records

7. DBMS
• Data Base Management System
• Database Management Systems (DBMS) are software systems used
to store, retrieve, and run queries on data.
• A DBMS serves as an interface between an end-user and a database,
allowing users to create, read, update, and delete data in the
database.
• Examples: File System, Microsoft Access.

8. RDBMS
• Relational Database Management System
• An RDBMS, or relational database management system, is the
software that gives users the ability to update, query and administer a
relational database. Structured Query Language (SQL) is typically the
standard programming language used to access the database.
• An RDBMS is a type of database management system (DBMS) that
stores data in a row-based table structure which connects related
data elements.
• Examples: MySQL, Microsoft SQL

10. DBMS vs RDBMS
DBMS RDBMS
DBMS stores data as a file. Data is stored in the form of tables.
DBMS system, stores data in either a navigational or
hierarchical form.
RDBMS uses a tabular structure where the headers are the
column names, and the rows contain corresponding values
DBMS supports single user only. It supports multiple users.
Low software and hardware needs. Higher hardware and software need.
DBMS does not support distributed database. RBMS offers support for distributed databases.
DBMS does not support client-server architecture RDBMS supports client-server architecture.
Data redundancy is common in this model. Keys and indexes do not allow Data redundancy.
No relationship between data Data is stored in the form of tables which are related to each
other with the help of foreign keys.
There is no security. Multiple levels of security
Examples of DBMS are a file system, XML, Windows
Registry, etc.
Example of RDBMS is MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server, etc.

11. MS Access, MySQL, SQL
• MS Access: Microsoft Access is a Relational Database Management System offered by Microsoft. ·
Allows you to create tables, queries, forms, and reports.
• MySQL: MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS) developed by Oracle that is
based on structured query language (SQL).
• SQL: SQL is a language for querying databases and it is used for accessing, updating and
maintaining data in a database

12. File System vs DBMS
File System DBMS
File system is a software that manages and organizes the files
in a storage medium within a computer.
DBMS is a software for managing the database.
Redundant data can be present in a file system. In DBMS there is no redundant data.
There is no efficient query processing in file system. Efficient query processing is there in DBMS.
It is less complex as compared to DBMS. It has more complexity in handling as compared to file
system.
File systems provide less security in comparison to DBMS. DBMS has more security mechanisms as compared to file
system.
It is less expensive than DBMS. It has a comparatively higher cost than a file system.
There is no data independence. In DBMS data independence exists.