Heat pumps have existed since the 1850s and work by transferring heat from outdoor or underground sources into buildings for heating. They have four main components: an outdoor heat exchanger, compressor, indoor heat exchanger, and expansion device. Common heat sources are air, water, or ground. Heat pumps can provide space heating, cooling, and water heating. They are more efficient than resistance heating because they take advantage of renewable heat sources and can achieve coefficients of performance (COPs) of 3-6.

1. HEAT PUMP
TECHNOLOGY

2. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
History of Heat pump
• 1852 - The British physicist William Thomson, known as Lord Kelvin,
describes a mechanical system for heating and cooling buildings.
• 1856/57 – The first heat pump is built and operated in Austria, based on the
operating principle devised by the Austrian engineer Peter Ritter von
Rittingen.
• 1876 – The first refrigerator has been developed by Carl Paul Gottfried von
Linde from Germany
• 1938 - The town hall in Zürich has been heated with a heat pump since
1938. The heat source is provided by the river Limmar, which flows
past the town hall.
The technique of using energy from the
environment has been around for a long time.
William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
1824 –1907

3. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
Degree KELVIN
Before 1852
Even below Zero degree,
the energy exist

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What is a Heat pump?
To transfer heat from a low temperature
medium to a higher temperature one
we need a heat pump
To transfer water from
a low Level to a higher level
we need a pump
-5°C
55°C

5. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
Principle Heat pump
Heat pumps transform renewable energy from air, ground and water to useful heat.

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Main components of a heat pump heating system
Low Temperature
Air : -20°C to 40°C
Water : 10°C to 15°C
Ground : -5°C to 25°C

7. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
Main components of a heat pump heating system
High Temperature
Under Floor Heating 35°C
Fab Coil 45°C
Low temperature Radiator 55°C

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Main components of a heat pump heating system
Heat Pump

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Type Heat Pumps
• Air as a heat source
• Surface Water as a heat source
• Ground water as a heat source
• Ground with Direct Expansion and horizontal collectors
• Ground source with conventional collectors (with antifreeze)
• Ground source with Heat Pipes

10. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
The earth stores the Heat
The ground is a good store for energy

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How a Heat Pump work?

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Reversible Heat Pump

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Heat Pump Application
Space Heating:
Low temperature radiators, Floor Heating, fan coil
Space Cooling:
floor cooling, Ceiling cooling, Fan coil
Domestic Hot Water Heating
Swimming Pool Heating: The best solution

14. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
COP of Heat Pump
𝐶𝑂𝑃 = 𝐸𝐸𝑅 + 1
𝐶𝑂𝑃 𝐻𝑃 =
𝑄 𝐻
𝑊
=
𝑄 𝐻
𝑄 𝐻−𝑄 𝐿
𝐸𝐸𝑅 =
𝑄 𝐿
𝑊
=
𝑄 𝐿
𝑄 𝐻−𝑄 𝐿
If the source temperature is high, COP is high
If the supply temperature is high, COP is low

15. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
COP of Air to Water Heat Pump
Air/Water HP 2 < 𝐶𝑂𝑃 < 4.5

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COP of Water to Water Heat Pump
Water/Water HP 3 < 𝐶𝑂𝑃 < 6

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Air to Water Heat Pump

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Ground to Water Heat Pump

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Water to Water Heat Pump

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Heat Storage - Buffer Tank
A Buffer tank is needed to have minimum water volume in the system,
in order to protect the Heat pump

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Heat Storage - Buffer Tank

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Heat Pump connection

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Heat Pump connection

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Hot Water Heat Pump
The best alternative for Solar Heater
when you don’t have place for it.

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Hot Water Heat Pump

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Hot Water Heat Pump connection

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Hot Water production with Heat Pump

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Hot Water production with Heat Pump

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Hot Water production with Heat Pump

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Hot Water production with Heat Pump and Solar

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Hot Water production with Heat Pump and Solar

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Hot Water production with Heat Pump and Solar

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Heat Pump for Swimming Pool

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Heat Pump for Swimming Pool

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Case Study – Zmerly & Co office
Special Under Floor Heating
From Oventrop-Germany
Flow temperature 35˚C and below
4300W
Oventrop - Regucor
Pre-equipped buffer
tank 800L Master-Term
Heat pump
up to 8 kW
Solar Panels
6 x 2 = 12 sqm
Low temperature
Steel Panel radiators
From Copa-Germany
Flow temperature 55˚C and below
5700W
The best COP at
35˚C

36. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
COP at 35˚C = 4.5 A++(+)
COP at 55˚C = 3.45 A++
Air/Water Heat Pump
From 3 to 8kW
Case Study – Zmerly & Co office

37. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
Complete system in one preassembled kit
with the perfect components, ensure the
optimum running of the system
Solar pump kit
Fresh Hot Water
preparation kit
Controller
Circulator for
radiators
The smart temperature stratification in the
buffer result in more energy saving.
Many heating sources can be connected to
the buffer, like heat pump, solid fuel boiler,
gas or fuel boiler, Electric Resistance, or
heat recovery from Generator exhaust.
Stratification
Plate
Thermostatic
Hot Water
Solar coil
Circulator for
floor heating
Oventrop – Regucor WHS Energy Storage System 800L
Case Study – Zmerly & Co office

38. HEAT PUMPZMERLY ACADEMY - 2019
CONCLUSION
To benefit from Solar thermal or Heat pump for the space heating
purposes:
• Use low temperature heating, as UFH or Low temperature radiators.
• The Heating Load must be lower than 50 W/m2 (in Lebanon it is
between 100 and 175 W/m2)
• Smart storage tank will increase the efficiency of the system.

39. www.‫.زمرلي‬com
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