Robert C. Webber is credited with developing the first ground source heat pump in the late 1940s. He was experimenting with his deep freezer and accidentally discovered that the cooling system pipes produced excess heat. He connected the freezer's outlet pipes to a hot water heater and used a small fan to circulate the warm air, successfully heating his home. His full-size heat pump design used copper tubing buried underground to gather ground heat using Freon gas, which was condensed and circulated to repeatedly extract heat. A heat pump functions like an inside-out refrigerator, using coils outside to absorb heat from cold air which is transferred via coils inside to warm indoor air for heating buildings.

1. Presented by:
PEARLIE JOY E. FAJANIL

2. HISTORY
In 1748 William Cullen demonstrated artificial
refrigeration which can be noted as the beginnings of the heat
pump’s scientific principle. Lord Kelvin developed the idea in
1852 and is commonly held responsible for the scientific
concept. In 1855-1857

3. Peter von Rittinger
developed and built the first
heat pump system. Some years
later, Robert C. Webber is
credited as having developed
the first ground source heat
pump during the late 1940s.

4. THE FIRST HEAT PUMP
Robert C. Weber, an American
inventor came up with the idea for a
ground source heat pump when he was
experimenting with his deep freezer. He
accidentally burnt his hands when
touching the outlet pipes of the cooling
system and he decided to see if the
mechanics could be reverse.

5. “He connected the outlet piping from the
freezer to a hot water heater and, since the freezer
was producing a constant excess heat, he hooked up
the heated water to a piping loop”. Then Webber
used a small fan to propel the warm air in the
building. After he saw that his invention was
successful, he built a full size heat pump to provide
heat for his entire home.

6. His design used copper tubing
buried in the ground through which
he ran Freon gas to gather the
ground heat. The gas was condensed
in his cellar, gave off its heat and
forced the expanded gas through the
ground coil to pick up another load.

7. WHAT IS HEAT PUMP?
Heat pump is used to heat
buildings by cooling the outside air. It
functions like a refrigerator turned inside
out. The evaporator coils are outside,
where they take heat from cold air, and
the condenser coils are inside, where they
give off heat to the warmer air.

8. BASIC COMPONENTS OF
HEAT PUMPThe compressor compresses
the gas (e.g. ammonia). The
compressed gas heats up as it is
pressurized. The gas represents the
working substance eg. ammonia and
the compressor driven by an electric
motor does work W.

9. The condenser coils at the
back of the refrigerator let the
hot ammonia gas dissipate its
heat QH. The ammonia gas
condenses into ammonia liquid
(dark blue) at high pressure gas
(gas  liquid).

10. The evaporator is where the heat is removed
from the house, business or refrigeration box. The
cooler refrigerant in the evaporator tubes, absorb
the warm room air.

11. The refrigerant is a liquid that has a low boiling
point.
The metering devices regulate how much
liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator

12. A very common type of metering device is called a TX
Valve (Thermostatic Expansion Valve). This valve has the
capability of controlling the refrigerant flow. If the load on the
evaporator changes, the valve can respond to the change and
increase or decrease the flow accordingly.

13. HOW DOES HEAT PUMP
WORKS?

14. WHAT IS REFRIGERATOR?
A refrigerator is also a form of a heat pump.

15. WHAT IS REFRIGERATOR?
• It also moves heat from a cooler reservoir to a warmer
reservoir by means of work supplied from some external
source.
• It keeps food cold by pumping heat out of the cooler interior
of the refrigerator into the warmer room.
• An electric motor or gas-powered engine does the necessary
work.

16. WHO INVENTED THE FIRST
REFRIGERATOR AND WHEN?
Oliver Evans is credited as the inventor of the first refrigerator.
In 1805, he used the technology described and created by
Professor Cullen to come up with a vapor compression system
which could be used to make ice using ether under vacuum. His
work was followed up by Michael Faraday who in 1820 managed
to liquefy ammonia and other gasses using high pressure and low
temperature.

17. In 1834, Jacob Perkins, an American working
in Great Britain invented an even better refrigeration
system which was a vapor compressing refrigerator
system. Unlike the earlier inventions, this one was
able to operate continuously.

18. OLIVER EVANS

19. OLIVER EVANS

20. Here’s a potted
history of a
household object we
probably take for
granted – the fridge.

21. 1927

22. 1950’s

23. 1960’s

24. 1970’s

25. 1980’s

26. 1990’s

27. 2000

28. HOW DOES REFRIGERATOR WORK?

30. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN REFRIGERATOR
AND HEAT PUMP
1) Transfer of heat: Both the refrigerator and the
heat pumps carry the heat from low temperature
reservoir or the sink to the high temperature
reservoir or source.

31. The main purpose of the refrigerator is to chill or
cool or freeze the substance, by maintaining very
low temperature in the freezer. It absorbs the heat
from the freezer or evaporator and throws it to the
atmosphere which is at high temperature.

32. 2) Location of the evaporator: In the refrigerator the
evaporator is located in the freezer section. The
evaporator absorbs the heat from the substance, which
is to be cooled. In the heat pump the evaporator is
located outside the room which is to be heated. The
evaporator absorbs the heat, which is later thrown
inside the room for heating it.

33. 3) Location of the condenser: In the refrigerator the
condenser is located outside the refrigerator and it is
exposed to the atmosphere. It is through the
condenser that the heat is thrown to the atmosphere.
In the heat pump the condenser is located inside the
room and it acts as the heating devise.

34. 4) Working of evaporator and condenser: In the
refrigerator the evaporator performs the main function of
chilling or freezing, while the condenser performs the
function of delivering the heat to the atmosphere. In the
heat pump, it is the condenser that performs the main
function of heating the room, while the evaporator
performs the function of absorbing the heat from the
atmosphere.

36. THE END
THANK YOU!   