These are the slides from a presentation in the WUN Global GIS Academy seminar series - http://www.wun.ac.uk/ggisa/seminars.html . For lecture notes and explanation, see povesham.wordpress.com
I gave this five minute lightning talk at FOSS4G in 2006 in Lausanne, Switzterland. I'm posting it here today because people are still discussing the dichotomies in philosophy and practice between GIS and neogeography.
There's a streaming QuickTime video of the original presentation here:
http://www.comem.ch/ogo/OpeningSession_p1_02_01.htm
Discussion of the advent of Neogeography and how GIS and Neogeography are different but can also work together. Given at University of Kansas as part of GISDay 2007
GeoWeb Concepts, Tools and ApplicationsMatthew Dance
This was an invited presentation to the University of Alberta's Human Geography and Planning 100 class. As the title implies, I provided a brief overview of GeoWeb concepts, tools and provided an overview of the maps I found most interesting in the past couple of months.
Abstract:
Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) defines a practice where GIS technology and methods are used in support of public participation and decision making in a number of domain applications (Sieber, 2000). PPGIS is viewed as a top-down process where a central authority identifies a problem, the stakeholders and the best way to address it (Ghose, 2007). Current advances in the GeoWeb are challenging the top-down purview of PPGIS in that more citizens are directly engaging with tools that enable the collection and communication of place-based knowledge by non-experts. This emerging process raises pertinent questions, including: How is knowledge of place expressed, and to what extent is it relevant to PPGIS? This talk will highlight local research that centered on Edmonton’s river valley trail network where 17 informants were interviewed regarding their knowledge of place, in addition to their collection and communication of place-based information. This research will address the crowdsourcing of such information through the GeoWeb as a means of replacing traditional, authority controlled, PPGIS processes. We will demonstrate that individuals possess a complex, detailed and nuanced understanding of place. And, finally, we will discuss the current limits and future trends of the GeoWeb’s ability to capture that depth of understanding.
I gave this five minute lightning talk at FOSS4G in 2006 in Lausanne, Switzterland. I'm posting it here today because people are still discussing the dichotomies in philosophy and practice between GIS and neogeography.
There's a streaming QuickTime video of the original presentation here:
http://www.comem.ch/ogo/OpeningSession_p1_02_01.htm
Discussion of the advent of Neogeography and how GIS and Neogeography are different but can also work together. Given at University of Kansas as part of GISDay 2007
GeoWeb Concepts, Tools and ApplicationsMatthew Dance
This was an invited presentation to the University of Alberta's Human Geography and Planning 100 class. As the title implies, I provided a brief overview of GeoWeb concepts, tools and provided an overview of the maps I found most interesting in the past couple of months.
Abstract:
Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) defines a practice where GIS technology and methods are used in support of public participation and decision making in a number of domain applications (Sieber, 2000). PPGIS is viewed as a top-down process where a central authority identifies a problem, the stakeholders and the best way to address it (Ghose, 2007). Current advances in the GeoWeb are challenging the top-down purview of PPGIS in that more citizens are directly engaging with tools that enable the collection and communication of place-based knowledge by non-experts. This emerging process raises pertinent questions, including: How is knowledge of place expressed, and to what extent is it relevant to PPGIS? This talk will highlight local research that centered on Edmonton’s river valley trail network where 17 informants were interviewed regarding their knowledge of place, in addition to their collection and communication of place-based information. This research will address the crowdsourcing of such information through the GeoWeb as a means of replacing traditional, authority controlled, PPGIS processes. We will demonstrate that individuals possess a complex, detailed and nuanced understanding of place. And, finally, we will discuss the current limits and future trends of the GeoWeb’s ability to capture that depth of understanding.
Geospatial solutions for creating a smart cityShristi Paudel
Smart city is a concept for sustainable cities. Geomatics/Geospatial technologies play a major role in creating a smart city; they act like the foundation for smart city. This presentation highlights the importance and role of different sectors of geospatial field in a smart city. The presentation was presented in an open presentation competition on the theme 'Applied engineering technology' and was awarded the first prize.
ESA Ramani Huria: Mapping for Flood Resilience, Fusing Remote Sensing and Com...Mark Iliffe
Presentation to the European Space Agency at their Earth Observation conference at ESRIN, Italy in September 2016. Licensed using a Creative Commons share-a-like non commercial license.
The advent of technology and the vision to keep track with the latest technology, we the RKM group now indulging us in the field of GIS to integrate the mission friendly environment.
Moreover, the branch of GIS is a peculiar stream to convey the message of nature in visualizing, analyzing, interpreting the wide geographically concern scenario. A decision making tool that helps provide a better assessment and utilization of the resources.
Augmented Reality or AR is an emerging technology in which one’s perception of the real-time environment is enhanced by superimposing computer-generated information such as graphical, textual, or audio content, as well as objects onto a display screen.
This is a slide set that covers some ideas on how to integrate GIS and Social Media. It pulls ideas and concepts from other slide sets, but is specific to GIS and Social Media development, and covers some things will want to be aware of if you plan to integrate. Enjoy!
The Mapping Revolution: Incorporating Geographic Information Systems in Gover...GovLoop
Since the beginning of civilization, humans have used images as a means to tell stories. We have used images to educate, entertain or to build a just and moral society. Our ancient ancestors would use images to remember stories and archive information for future generations. Similar to our ancient ancestors, we use images today to convey meaning, understand complex relationships and improve communication.
The use of mapping and geospatial technology is at the heart of story telling and improved communications. As the challenges of the public sector continue to grow in complexity, efficient and effective communication tools are essential. Today, government is more interconnected than ever before, and the complexity has led to increased integration between state, local and federal officials. At all levels of government, agencies are looking for solutions to find value and improve public sector decision-making through data. http://www.govloop.com/profiles/blogs/govloop-guide-the-mapping-revolution-incorporating-geographic-inf
Presentation from the Horizon Infrastructure Challenge Theme Day , 19th March 2010. Covering background to OSM, brief analysis of business aspects and focus on motivation
This presentation contains material from Nama Raj Budhathoki research on the motivation of OSM contributors
Geospatial solutions for creating a smart cityShristi Paudel
Smart city is a concept for sustainable cities. Geomatics/Geospatial technologies play a major role in creating a smart city; they act like the foundation for smart city. This presentation highlights the importance and role of different sectors of geospatial field in a smart city. The presentation was presented in an open presentation competition on the theme 'Applied engineering technology' and was awarded the first prize.
ESA Ramani Huria: Mapping for Flood Resilience, Fusing Remote Sensing and Com...Mark Iliffe
Presentation to the European Space Agency at their Earth Observation conference at ESRIN, Italy in September 2016. Licensed using a Creative Commons share-a-like non commercial license.
The advent of technology and the vision to keep track with the latest technology, we the RKM group now indulging us in the field of GIS to integrate the mission friendly environment.
Moreover, the branch of GIS is a peculiar stream to convey the message of nature in visualizing, analyzing, interpreting the wide geographically concern scenario. A decision making tool that helps provide a better assessment and utilization of the resources.
Augmented Reality or AR is an emerging technology in which one’s perception of the real-time environment is enhanced by superimposing computer-generated information such as graphical, textual, or audio content, as well as objects onto a display screen.
This is a slide set that covers some ideas on how to integrate GIS and Social Media. It pulls ideas and concepts from other slide sets, but is specific to GIS and Social Media development, and covers some things will want to be aware of if you plan to integrate. Enjoy!
The Mapping Revolution: Incorporating Geographic Information Systems in Gover...GovLoop
Since the beginning of civilization, humans have used images as a means to tell stories. We have used images to educate, entertain or to build a just and moral society. Our ancient ancestors would use images to remember stories and archive information for future generations. Similar to our ancient ancestors, we use images today to convey meaning, understand complex relationships and improve communication.
The use of mapping and geospatial technology is at the heart of story telling and improved communications. As the challenges of the public sector continue to grow in complexity, efficient and effective communication tools are essential. Today, government is more interconnected than ever before, and the complexity has led to increased integration between state, local and federal officials. At all levels of government, agencies are looking for solutions to find value and improve public sector decision-making through data. http://www.govloop.com/profiles/blogs/govloop-guide-the-mapping-revolution-incorporating-geographic-inf
Presentation from the Horizon Infrastructure Challenge Theme Day , 19th March 2010. Covering background to OSM, brief analysis of business aspects and focus on motivation
This presentation contains material from Nama Raj Budhathoki research on the motivation of OSM contributors
Volunteered Geographic Information and OpenStreetMapchippy
Short introduction to the subject of Volunteered Geographic Information and outlining some of the characteristics, issues themes of VGI
and then a comprehensive talk about the OpenStreetMap Project.
By Tim Waters, at AGI Northern Group (SIG), April 2009, Manchester University
The User-participated Geospatial Web as Open PlatformChanny Yun
It's presentation of speaking in GIS International Seminar in Korea. You can refer to my full document in http://channy.creation.net/blog/data/channy/gis-seminar-2007.pdf
Sandro Batista from Focus BC was an invited speaker at the 1st FIG Young Surveyors European Meeting where he had the opportunity to talk about their academic and professional background and to show the Future of Innovation and Technology in the areas of interest to all the participants.
This European event, co-organized by the Ordem dos Engenheiros and the FIG Young Surveyors Network (YSN) had as its theme "European Young Surveyors together for tomorrow's challenges" and the goal of "establishing a European network of young technicians and engineers of surveying and geographical information technologies in order to Enhance international Cooperation and promotion of contacts and knowledge." had another successful step!
Blockchain powered Augmented Reality Metaverse merges real and virtual worlds together creating unique layer of augmented reality all over the planet’s surface
Latest iteration of my Geospatial Revolution talk that I've been using on my down under tour. Includes various cricket slides, probably comprehensible only to Aussies and Pommies :) !!
Hotel Website Marketing Online social media opportunities for the hospitality...Mark Congiusta
Can Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Blogs and other social media websites sell hotels online? Well of course they can. And do. A presentation on social media in the tourism industry made to hotel and hospitality professionals in Dublin Ireland in June 2009.
Devising a citizen science monitoring programme for tree regeneration the upl...Muki Haklay
Presentation by Chris Andrews from a participatory virtual workshop June 2020 on citizen science in the Cairngorms national park. Aims of presentation: To provide a background information as to what's going on ecologically in the uplands; To explore why some upland habitats might be changing; Example of what could be done through a case study at the ECN Cairngorm long-term monitoring site; Provide a framework in which to think about what variables might be useful to citizen science project on monitoring regeneration.
The value of citizen science for environmental monitoring in ScotlandMuki Haklay
Presentation by Nadia Dewhurst Richman from a participatory virtual workshop in June 2020. This presentation gives an overview of the benefits of citizen science using examples of existing projects in Scotland, along with an introduction to Scotland’s Environment Web.
citizen science - a brief introduction Muki Haklay
Presentation by Muki Haklay in a participatory virtual workshop June 2020. The presentation provided an overview of the types of activities that fall under the umbrella term citizen science - from activities that people do at home using the computers and the internet (volunteer computing or volunteer thinking) to ecological monitoring of landscape change in an opportunistic way. The presentation also pointed out to the multiple goals of citizen science projects - from engaging people in environmental issues, to providing opportunities to disadvantaged groups in society. The level of participation across projects was also highlighted, indicating that as requirements and knowledge increase, the number of people that are currently engaged in citizen science project decreases.
Citizen Science as a tool to support land management in the Cairngorms Nation...Muki Haklay
Presentation by Jan Dick from the participatory virtual workshop in June 2020. Part of UKRI project to explore the suitability of citizen science for Long-Term Scoio-Ecological Research (LTSER)
Slides from Susanne Hecker and Muki Haklay talk in an ECSA webinar about the ECSA Characteristics of Citizen science https://zenodo.org/communities/citscicharacteristics/ - covering the methodology and the main features of the document. The webinar is available here https://zenodo.org/record/3859970
Citizen Science in Open Science context: measuring & understanding impacts of...Muki Haklay
Within the emerging European agenda for open science, deeper public engagement with science, through citizen science, is now part and parcel of Horizon Europe. Yet, there are many issues that need to be understood – the uneven landscape of citizen science across the European Research Area, scientific disciplines, and institutions; the balancing of multiple goals that citizen science projects enact between raising awareness to scientific issues to producing data and analysis that can lead to top discoveries; measuring and assessing the outcomes and outputs of projects; and consideration about the data, analysis, and outputs. The talk will provide a short introduction to citizen science and modes of engagement in it, introduce the “Doing It Together Science” (DITOs) escalator model; and review some of the emerging policy responses to citizen science across the world.
Extreme Citizen Science technologies: attempting to embed values in codeMuki Haklay
Extreme Citizen Science (ExCiteS) is a situated, bottom-up practice that takes into account local needs, practices and culture and works with broad networks of people to design and build new devices and knowledge creation processes that can transform the world. The ExCiteS group at UCL was set up to support the implementation of this concept through the development of theories, methodologies, processes, and technologies that allow any community, regardless of (technical) literacy, to engage in citizen science projects that produce results that are meaningful and useful for them. Stemming from theoretical foundations in participatory action research and public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS), our technologies are designed to carry values with them. Once we visit these values, we can see how they turn into code, and ask how successful these efforts are, using cases in the Amazon, Congo-basin, Namibia, UK, and Malta.
The role of learning in community science and citizen scienceMuki Haklay
This are slides from the talk on 12 Oct, Joint workshop of the Teaching and Learning and Citizen Science Special Interest Groups of the British Ecological Society, which was held on 12th October 2018 at the University of Reading. The talk explores links between learning and citizen science - contributory and collegial in particular. This is an improved version of the Citizen Inquiry slides
The persistent environmental digital divide(s) -RGS-IBG 2018Muki Haklay
Over 25 years ago, as the web was emerging as a medium for distributing public information, it was promoted as a tool for increased democratisation. From the age of dial-up modem and PCs to the use of mobile phones and smartphones, concerns about digital divides and how they impact the ability of local participation in environmental decision making never resolved. These digital divides are creating a tapestry of marginalisation through different devices, skills, and communication potentials, and it is valuable to reflect on their dimensions – both technical and social, and consider how we can consider them in a systematic way. The talk will attempt to reflect on technological and social changes and the attempts to address them.
Pecha Kucha session: multi country science programs Ecsite 2018Muki Haklay
Doing It Together Science (DITOs) is a 3-year project, funded by the EU Horizon 2020 programme, that is aimed to increase awareness of and participation in citizen science across Europe and beyond. It is focused on communication, coordination, and support of citizen science activities. Therefore, the project promotes the sharing of best practices among existing networks for a greater public and policy engagement with citizen science through a wide range of events and activities.
Open Science and Citizen Science - researcher, participants, and institutiona...Muki Haklay
Presentation from the OECD workshop on 9th April 2018, GSF-NESTI Workshop on "Reconciling Scientific Excellence and Open Science" asked the question "What do we want out of science and how can we incentivise and monitor these outputs?". The talk covers the personal experience as a researcher, the experience of participants in citizen science projects, and the institutional aspects.
Introduction to Citizen Science and Scientific Crowdsourcing - Data Quality s...Muki Haklay
This is part of the course "introduction to citizen science and scientific crowdsourcing", which you can find at https://extendstore.ucl.ac.uk/product?catalog=UCLXICSSCJan17 . The lecture is dedicated to data management in citizen science, and this part is focusing on data quality
The role of learning in citizen scienceMuki Haklay
This is a presentation from the citizen science impact event at the Open University http://www.open.ac.uk/blogs/opentel/citizen-science-impact-event-at-the-open-university/
Citizen science offer different levels of engagement to participants, which have been captured in typologies of the field (contributory, collaborative, co-created, collegial / crowdsourcing, distributed intelligence, participatory science, extreme citizen science). These typologies do no explicitly examine learning. At the same time, projects and activities striving to fulfil multiple goals (excellent scientific output, satisfying engagement, good recruitment, learning …). Within ythe range of citizen science project, we can consider different aspects of learning that are occurring in them, Projects and use examples from a range of project, and raise some aspects that can help those who are designing co-created projects.
The Willing Volunteer – Incorporating Voluntary Data into National DatabasesMuki Haklay
At present few mapping databases contain crowd sourced or voluntary data. Consider how, in the future, this will be a valuable source of data for national geospatial, cadastral and mapping agencies
Examining the values that are embedded in the processes and technologies of p...Muki Haklay
A persistent question about participatory methodologies that rely on technologies, such as public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS), is how to integrate values, such as inclusiveness of all the people that are impacted by a decision, or identifying options that are popular by the majority but acceptable to the minority, within technologically focused projects. Moreover, technologies do not operate by themselves – they are embedded in organizational, political, and social processes that set how they are used, who can use them, and in what context. Therefore, we should explore where the values reside?
Two factors obscure our view: The misleading conceptualisation that technologies are value free, and can be used for good or for bad – which put all the weight on the process, and ignores the way in which any technology allow only certain actions to be taken. Another popular view of technology conceptualisation is to emphasise their advantages (upside) and ignore their limitations. If we move beyond these, and other “common sense” views of technologies, we can notice how process and technology intertwine.
We can therefore look at the way the process/technology reinforce and limit each other, and the way that the values are integrated and influence them. With this analysis, we can also consider how technological development can explicitly include considerations of values, and be philosophically, politically, and social-theory informed. We need to consider the roles, skills, and knowledge of the people that are involved in each part of the process – from community facilitation to software development.
The paper will draw on the experience of developing participatory geographic information technologies over the past 20 years, and will suggest future directions for values-based participatory technology development.
Into the Night - Technology for citizen scienceMuki Haklay
Current citizen science seems effortless...just download an app and start using it. However, there are many technical aspects that are necessary to make a citizen science project work. In this session, we will provide an overview of all the technical elements that are required - from the process of designing an app., to designing and managing a back-end system, to testing the system end to end before deployment. Participants will have the opportunity to engage in a short exercise to consider the design of an app for a citizen science project that addresses light pollution.
Into the Night - Citizen Science Training day - introduction to citizen scienceMuki Haklay
Setting, running and evaluating - In this session, we will provide a brief overview of the types of citizen science that are relevant in addressing environmental challenges. We will look at classifications of citizen science projects, explore their potential goals, the process of recruitment and retention as well as the need to start project evaluation from an early stage. Participants will have the opportunity to engage in a short exercise to consider how these elements can be used in the design of a citizen science project.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
WUN Global GIS Seminar - What\'s so new in Neogeography?
1. What’s so new about neogeography?
Dr Muki Haklay
Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, UCL
m.haklay@ucl.ac.uk
2. Outline
• Web 2.0 and mapping - defining neogeography
• Why did it happen around 2005?
• What’s new? Things to learn from neogeography
• Is neogeography so wonderful? Perceptions,
assertions and the reality
• Summary
3. The emergence of neogeography – signs
• Neologism: neogeography, mapping mashups,
mapping API, geotagging, geostack,
geotechnology
• Huge increase in use:
– mid-2005, Multimap: 7.3m visitors; Mapquest: 47m
– end of 2007, Google Maps: 71.5m, Google Earth 22.7m
while Multimap and Mapquest also increased
• Web mapping - 50,000 mashups in the first 2
years
• Silicon valley awareness: Where 2.0
Haklay, M., Singleton, A., and Parker, C., 2008, Web mapping 2.0: the Neogeography of the Geoweb, Geography Compass
4. Neogeography
‘Neogeography means ‘new geography’ and consists of a set of
techniques and tools that fall outside the realm of traditional GIS ...
Where historically a professional cartographer might use ArcGIS, talk
of ... projections, and resolve land area disputes, a neogeographer
uses a mapping API like Google Maps, talks about GPX versus KML,
and geotags his photos to make a map of his summer vacation.
Essentially, Neogeography is about people using and creating their own
maps, on their own terms and by combining elements of an existing
toolset. Neogeography is about sharing location information with
friends and visitors, helping shape context, and conveying
understanding through knowledge of place.
Lastly, Neogeography is fun . . .’ (Turner 2006)
Turner, A. J. (2006). Introduction to neogeography. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media Inc.
5. Structural changes
• 1st May 2000 – President Clinton removes
selective availability of GPS signal
• Dot-com crash and the increase of broadband use
• The acronym soup of AJAX: SOAP, XML,
Javascript – and support in browsers
• Data storage: from $10 (2000) to $0.5 (2005) per
gigabyte
• 2004 – GPX
• Web services and simplified APIs
Haklay, M., Singleton, A., and Parker, C., 2008, Web mapping 2.0: the Neogeography of the Geoweb, Geography Compass
7. Different levels of ‘Hacking’
• Deep technical hacking (system programming) –
changing the actual code of GIS, writing new
analytical tools
• Shallow technical hacking (end-user
programming) – changing the interface through
basic customisation, writing macros
• Use hacking – applying existing tools differently
• Meaning hacking – using information in new
ways, beyond its original ‘design’
8. Typology of hacking
Type No. of participants Issue for GIS
Deep technical Significant skills, negotiation
& translation of knowledge
Shallow Skills, user / programmer,
technical control over the application
Use Knowledge of GIS, legitimacy
of outputs, access to data
and software
Meaning Outputs, legitimacy of
interpretation, overcoming
‘technophobia’
9. Skills needed to change technology
Type Pre Neogeography Post Neogeography
Deep technical
Shallow
technical
Use
Meaning
11. Use Hacking
Reusing Flickr ability to mark different
areas of the image, for geographical
annotation and creation of Memory Maps
12. Use Hacking
New use of sound meters and paper maps
for data collection, then the data is
integrated in the GIS and a map is
produced.
Map construction requires knowledge of
GIS, access to data, analytical knowledge
13. Shallow / Deep Technical Hacking
New use of Google Maps, allowing
entering information, editing and
moderating.
Requires knowledge of GIS, programming,
web development and web design
14. Deep Technical Hacking
OpenStreetMap and MySociety are
examples of complex projects that deal
with geographical representation and the
use of geographical information.
15. Simplified glue – OSM API vs. OGC WMS
• OpenStreetMap API:
http://api.openstreetmap.org/api/0.5/map?bbox=-
71.00,42.00,-72.00,43.00
• OGC WFS API:
http://example.com/wfs?service=WFSSIMPLE&version=0.5&REQUE
ST=GetFeature&BBOX=-71.00,42.00,-72.00,43.00&TIME=2006-09-
12/2006-09-22&OUTPUTFORMAT=text/xml
Haklay, M. And Weber, P., 2008, OpenStreetMap – User Generated Street Map, IEEE Pervasive Computing.
16. OSM technological stack
(cc) OpenStreetMap Haklay, M. And Weber, P., 2008, OpenStreetMap – User Generated Street Map, IEEE Pervasive Computing.
17. The business of GIS
• ‘Canned’ data
• Accuracy and functionality
• The value of data in the whole process of
implementing GIS
18. Fantastic, isn’t it?
• ‘... the way individuals and communities are
using the Internet and new technologies to
create, develop, share and use information
(including GI), through innovative, often
collaborative, applications.’ (Haklay et al. 2008)
• ‘Democratization of GIS’ (Butler 2006)
• ‘Thus the most important value of VGI may lie in
what it can tell about local activities in various
geographic locations that go unnoticed by the
world’s media, and about life at a local
level.’(Goodchild 2007)
20. Democratisation (I)
• Below - volumes of contact to Local Authority (LA)
services across all channels, Jan-Mar 2008
• Majority of people who access LA services are those
least likely to have Internet access
• Socio-economic status is 100.00%
88.00%
the main predictor of 80.00%
web access
60.00%
• 40% of UK households 40.00%
do not have access to the
web
20.00%
8.80%
0.50% 0.00% 0.10% 2.60%
0.00%
Fax E-Mail Letter SMS Telephone Web
Forms
(c) Richard Kingston
21. (c) Dair Grant
Democratisation (II)
(cc) Shaun McDonald
(cc) Chris Fleming
22. Participation
Haklay, M., 2008, How good is OpenStreetMap information? A comparative study of OpenStreetMap and Ordnance Survey
datasets for London and the rest of England, submitted to Environment and Planning B.
24. Collaboration
Haklay, M., 2008, How good is OpenStreetMap information? A comparative study of OpenStreetMap and Ordnance Survey
datasets for London and the rest of England, submitted to Environment and Planning B.
25. Collaboration
• ‘TomTom unique Map Share technology enhances your
navigation experience, because you can now make
instant changes directly on your map. You can also
receive similar changes made by the entire TomTom
community...’
• Google LatLong: ‘We are excited to announce that users
may now build and edit maps in Map Maker for 45 new
African countries, bringing the total number of countries
covered in Map Maker to 122 countries, covering a
population of 3 billion people...’
26. Spatial justice and OSM
90.00%
80.00%
Percentage of Ordnance Survey Meridian coverage
70.00%
60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
OSM
OSM (tagged)
0.00%
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91
IMD percentage
Haklay, M., 2008, How good is OpenStreetMap information? A comparative study of OpenStreetMap and Ordnance Survey
datasets for London and the rest of England, submitted to Environment and Planning B.
28. Techno-libertarian undertones
• Suggested by Borsook (2000): technology culture which is
strongly individualistic, ‘violently lacking in compassion,
ravingly anti-government, and tremendously opposed to
regulation ...private sector can do everything ...’
protecting privacy, skimping on philanthropy, ignoring
environmental concern and hating cities
• Notice that environment is now ‘cool’ and ready for tech-
fix, and philanthropy is done directly, deciding on hobby
topics, ‘unholistically’ and without trust in governments
Borsook, P., 2000, Cyberselfish: A Critical Romp Through the Terribly Libertarian Culture of High Tech. PublicAffairs
29. Techno-libertarianism and neogeography
• Strong anti-government sentiment - UK’s ‘Free our Data’
campaign, targeting the Ordnance Survey
• Wanting to get hold of publicly maintained data, but
demanding many constraints about their data (Share alike
or no access) – disregard of the rights of others, while
vigorously protecting their own
• Lack of awareness of serious social problems, little
empathy with gender, ability, and ethnicity issues
• At ease with exploitation – happy to use crowdsourcing
without giving anything back
30. Summary
• Neogeography is substantive, not just neologism
• New lessons: interaction with users, improving
the ease of implementing GI projects, new
business models, new ways of acquiring data
• Many issues with assumptions and assertions.
Beware of hype - not supported by the evidence
(e.g. Miller, 2006)
• There is a need for more theoretically informed
analysis of the changes, with strong realism
Miller, C.M. (2006) A Beast in the Field: The Google Maps Mashup as GIS/2. Cartographica. 41(3): 187-199.
31. Future research
• The motivation issue – from persuasive
technologies to real collaborations
• Integrating the lessons with the full range of GIS
services and software
• Information quality and fitness for use
• Learning about the world from crowdsourced
activities
32. Further reading
• Haklay, M., 2008, How good is OpenStreetMap information? A
comparative study of OpenStreetMap and Ordnance Survey datasets for
London and the rest of England, submitted to Environment and Planning B.
• Haklay, M. And Weber, P., 2008, OpenStreetMap – User Generated Street
Map, IEEE Pervasive Computing.
• Haklay, M., Singleton, A., and Parker, C., 2008, Web mapping 2.0: the
Neogeography of the Geoweb, Geography Compass
• Haklay, M., 2008, Open Knowledge – learning from environmental
information, presented at the Open Knowledge Conference (OKCon) 2008,
London, 15 March.
• Haklay, M., 2007, OSM and the public - what barriers need to be crossed?
presented at State of the Map conference, Manchester, UK, 14-15 July.
• To get a copy, write to m.haklay@ucl.ac.uk , or get them on
povesham.wordpress.com