The document discusses wrinkled skin, addressing its causes such as aging, smoking, UV exposure, and pollution. It outlines treatment options, including topical retinoids, non-prescription creams, and surgical procedures like botox and laser therapy. Prevention strategies include daily sunscreen use, hydration, and adequate sleep to maintain skin health.

1. Submitted to:
Dr. D. Manjula
Asst. Professor,
Department of Pharmaceutics,
COPS, DSU
Banglore.
Presented by:
Arpitha. B. M
M Pharm (II SEM),
Department of Pharmaceutics,
COPS, DSU
Banglore.
WRINKLED SKIN

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Causes for wrinkled skin
• Treatment
• Prevention
• Marketed product for wrinkled skin
• Reference
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3. DEFINITION
WRINKLES are lines, creases
and furrow that form in your
skin.
• They tend to appear in the
parts of the body exposed
to sun especially
noticeable around your
mouth, neck, hands and
eyes.
• They normally appear as
people get older, but they
can also develop after
spending long time in
water.
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4. WHY..?
• Wrinkles are natural part of the aging process.
• As people get older, their skin gets thinner, drier and less elastic and
less able to protect itself from damage.
• This leads to wrinkles, creases and lines on the skin.
• Facial expressions, for example repeatedly smiling, frowning, or
squinting can lead to fine lines and wrinkles at a younger age.
• According to the Mayo clinic, each time a person uses a facial muscle,
a grove forms under the surface of the skin.
• When a person is young, the skin springs back, but as they get older,
the skin loses its flexibility. Springing back becomes harder and less
frequent, resulting in more permanent grooves.
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5. CAUSES
Smoking : Smoking can accelerate the normal aging process of your
skin, contributing to wrinkle.
• This may be due to changes in the blood supply to your skin.
Repeated facial expressions : Facial movements and expressions such
as squinting or smoking leads to fine lines and wrinkles.
• Each time when we use a facial muscle, a groove forms beneath the
surface of the skin.
• And as skin age, it loses its flexibility and is no longer able to spring
back in place.
• These grooves then become permanent features on your face.
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6. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light : UV radiation, which speeds the
natural aging process, is the primary cause of early (premature)
wrinkling.
• Exposure to UV light breaks down your skin’s connective tissue-
collagen and elastin fibers, which lie in the deeper layer of skin
(dermis).
• Sun protection a vital step in every skincare routine, no matter of
individual skin type or condition
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7. Age & genetics : as we get older, our skin naturally becomes less elastic
and more fragile.
• Decreased production of natural oils dries your skin and makes it
appear more wrinkled.
• Dry skin: dry skin is not direct cause for fine lines and wrinkles, the
depth and appearance can be more pronounced when the skin loses
moisture and become dehydrated.
• This is because with less moisture content, the skin has less of a
‘plumping’ effect, and the look and feel of lines and wrinkles may
become exaggerated.
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8. • Pollution : Free radicals (or harmful, electron- hungry molecules)
causes damage when they pull electrons from other molecules in our
body.
• This action alters chemical structures and biological functioning ,
there by accelerating the aging process, as seen on our skin in the
form of wrinkle.
• Pollution in the environment is a major source of free radical
exposure, and although antioxidant enzymes can help protect against
free radicals, their damage will occur regardless.
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9. TREATMENT
• The two main types of wrinkles are surface lines and deep furrows.
• Most basic wrinkle treatments, if they have any effect, tend to help
reduce the fine lines
• For deeper creases, there are more aggressive techniques, such as
plastic surgery or injection of fillers.
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10. • Topical retinoids : Derived from vitamin A, retinoids – such as
treerinoin (Renova, Retin- A) and tazarotene (Avaga, Tazorac) – that
you apply to your skin may reduce fine wrinkles, some pigmentation
and skin roughness.
• Because retinoids can make your skin to burn sunlight more easily,
you’ll need to use a broad – spectrum sunscreen and wear protective
clothing daily.
• Retinoids may cause redness, dryness, itching and a burning
sensation.
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11. • Non prescription wrinkle creams : The effectiveness of anti- wrinkle
creams depends in part on the active ingredients.
• Retinol, antioxidants and some peptides may result in slight to
modest improvements in wrinkles.
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12. Aesthetic Options
• A number of surgical options are available.
• Rhytidectomy/ facelifts
• Dermabrasion
• Laser therapy
• Botox
• Chemical peels
• Fillers
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13. • Rhytidectomy : is a type of cosmetic surgery procedure used to give a
more youthful facial appearance.
• It usually involves removing excess
facial skin and fat, with or without
tightening the underlying tissues.
• Healing time may be lengthy and patients
may experience bruising and swelling for
a few weeks after surgery.
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14. • Dermabrasion: is a surgical procedure that involves the controlled
wearing away or abrasion, of the upper layers of skin with sand paper
or some other mechanical means.
• Removes fines, wrinkles, tattoos, nevi or moles, acne scars and other
type of scars.
• It may cause scabbing, swelling, and redness. These generally fade
after 2 weeks, but some pinkness may remain for several months.
• The desired results are not immediate but may take several months.
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15. • Laser therapy : laser, light source and radiofrequency (RF) treatments
destroy the outer layer of skin with a laser beam, while the dermis or
underlying skin is heated up.
• This stimulates the development of new collagen fibers.
• Newer therapies (non-ablative lasers)using laser technology may heal
more quickly.
• The skin feels firmer and appears refreshed after several treatments
and recovery times are faster, but more treatments are needed.
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16. • Botox: Botulinum toxin type A, commonly known as Botox, blocks the
chemical signals that cause muscles to contract.
• It is used to treat a number of medical conditions, as well as wrinkles.
• It is injected in small doses into targeted muscles.
• If the muscles can no longer tighten, the skin flattens giving a less
wrinkled and smoother appearance.
• Treatments generally last 3 months, so repeated injections are
needed.
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17. • Chemical peel: involves applying a chemical solution to wrinkly areas,
causing the dead skin to shed and eventually peel of.
• The regenerated skin tends to be smother and less wrinkled than the
old skin.
• Fillers: soft tissue fillers include collagen, hyaluronic acid or fat.
• They are injected into deeper face wrinkles, plumping and smoothing
them out and give the skin more volume.
• Patients may sometimes experience swelling, redness and bruising in
the treated areas for a short period.
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18. PREVENTION
Wear sunscreen every day: It’s imperative that you wear a broad –
spectrum SPF sunscreen.
• Every, single day it doesn’t matter how long you plan on being
outside; its harmful rays can do their damage in a matter of minutes.
• Wear sunscreen regardless of temperature and weather conditions.
• UV A rays have the capability to penetrate glass and affect, while
indoors, meaning sunscreen should be part of your daily skin care
routine – especially if you’re concerned about what causes face
wrinkles.
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19. Keep skin hydrated : To counteract the loss of moisture associated with
intrinsic aging, be sure to pick up a high – quality moisturizer.
• Dry skin is among leading wrinkles causes; it doesn’t matter if you’re
dry due to sun damage, low humidity, or even to much coffee.
• Wrinkles display themselves more easily when the skin is dry and
brittle, so keep your complexion soft, supple, and strong with a daily
moisturizer.
• It’s equally important to hydrate yourself from the inside by drinking
at least 8 cups of water per day.
• Drinking more water is one of the best tips for a youthful complexion,
because it flushes out so many toxins and free radical, it’s one of the
best means to avoid what causes facial wrinkles.
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20. Get plenty of sleep : when your body rests, the body increases blood
to the skin, helping assist in the regeneration of skin cells.
• Get plenty of beauty rest every night, and never fall asleep without
taking your makeup off.
• Try to sleep on your back to make sure those sleep lines don’t
become permanently etched into your face and cause wrinkles.
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21. COPS,DSU Dept. of Pharmaceutics Wrinkled Skin 21
MARKETED PRODUCT

22. REFERENCE
• https://skinbetter.com/dry-itchy-winter-skin-lines-wrinkles/
• https://www.colorescience.com/products/pep-up-collagen-renewal-
face-neck-treatment
• https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/aricles/174852
• Handbook of Cosmetic science and technology, 4th edition, edited by
Andrѐ O. Barel, Marc Paye, Howard I. Maibach, CRC Press.
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