Nowadays, fashion in clothing is unimaginable without denim garment with a numerous effect. Various types of dry and wet process are used to make these effect. In this article, 3D/crinkle effect by creating wrinkles on the denim garments preceded by resin application is discussed. This effect gives vintage look as well as add value to the garments though having possibility of decreasing tearing strength.
A wrinkle, also known as a rhytide, is a fold, ridge or crease in the cloth or garments. Wrinkle is a particular type of pressure in the finished fabric. It is produced during finishing operations by the thickness of the seam used to join pieces for processing.Resin & its use in Denim garments industry to create unique & vintage looks which add value to denim garments & improves it sale ability in market. In 80’s we have seen Resin being used to give non press , iron free trousers & now we are using in Denims to make wrinkles & creases to look natural vintage which stays after multiple home laundries.
Wrinkle resistance varies from quite low in many fabrics to very high in resilient fabrics. In order to form a wrinkle, a fabric’s wrinkle resistance must be overcome. The fabric may, however, produce strains and store potential energy that can become evident as wrinkle recovery under suitable conditions.Resin & its use in Denim garments industry to create unique & vintage looks which add value to denim garments & improves it sale ability in market. In 80’s we have seen Resin being used to give non press , iron free trousers & now we are using in Denims to make wrinkles & creases to look natural vintage which stays after multiple home laundries.
Washing is the process & technology which is used to modify the appearance, outlook comfort ability and fashion of the garments is called garment washing.
Ha-Meem Denim Ltd is a large denim manufacturer located in Bangladesh. It procures yarn from various local and international suppliers, warps the yarn, dyes it using slasher and rope dyeing machines, weaves the yarn into fabric, and finishes the fabric through various chemical processes. The company aims for high production while maintaining quality at low cost. It has skilled production teams and works to continuously improve its denim manufacturing process.
This presentation is my graduation internship presentation at BSL (LNJ group) Bhilwara (Rajasthan).
In this presentation I describe BSL company profile, Process significance, all steps which use for fibre to fabric in textile.
This document provides an overview of textile and garment finishing methods. It discusses what finishing is and how it can give textiles desirable appearance, feel, and durable properties. Finishing methods are classified as either physical/mechanical or chemical finishes. Specific finishing methods covered include calendering, sanforizing, decating, napping, water repellent finishes, and washes. The document explains how each method works and what properties it imparts to textiles.
Denim washing is a finishing process that adds value and creates special appearances. There are chemical and mechanical washing methods. Chemical methods include enzyme washing, acid washing, and bleaching which use chemicals like enzymes and acids to break down indigo dye for color effects. Mechanical methods like stone washing use abrasive materials like pumice stones to create worn effects. Other techniques are sand blasting, whiskering, and laser treatments. Process parameters like chemical concentration, stone quantity, and treatment time affect the results. Washing adds value but also has costs for chemicals, machinery, and labor.
A wrinkle, also known as a rhytide, is a fold, ridge or crease in the cloth or garments. Wrinkle is a particular type of pressure in the finished fabric. It is produced during finishing operations by the thickness of the seam used to join pieces for processing.Resin & its use in Denim garments industry to create unique & vintage looks which add value to denim garments & improves it sale ability in market. In 80’s we have seen Resin being used to give non press , iron free trousers & now we are using in Denims to make wrinkles & creases to look natural vintage which stays after multiple home laundries.
Wrinkle resistance varies from quite low in many fabrics to very high in resilient fabrics. In order to form a wrinkle, a fabric’s wrinkle resistance must be overcome. The fabric may, however, produce strains and store potential energy that can become evident as wrinkle recovery under suitable conditions.Resin & its use in Denim garments industry to create unique & vintage looks which add value to denim garments & improves it sale ability in market. In 80’s we have seen Resin being used to give non press , iron free trousers & now we are using in Denims to make wrinkles & creases to look natural vintage which stays after multiple home laundries.
Washing is the process & technology which is used to modify the appearance, outlook comfort ability and fashion of the garments is called garment washing.
Ha-Meem Denim Ltd is a large denim manufacturer located in Bangladesh. It procures yarn from various local and international suppliers, warps the yarn, dyes it using slasher and rope dyeing machines, weaves the yarn into fabric, and finishes the fabric through various chemical processes. The company aims for high production while maintaining quality at low cost. It has skilled production teams and works to continuously improve its denim manufacturing process.
This presentation is my graduation internship presentation at BSL (LNJ group) Bhilwara (Rajasthan).
In this presentation I describe BSL company profile, Process significance, all steps which use for fibre to fabric in textile.
This document provides an overview of textile and garment finishing methods. It discusses what finishing is and how it can give textiles desirable appearance, feel, and durable properties. Finishing methods are classified as either physical/mechanical or chemical finishes. Specific finishing methods covered include calendering, sanforizing, decating, napping, water repellent finishes, and washes. The document explains how each method works and what properties it imparts to textiles.
Denim washing is a finishing process that adds value and creates special appearances. There are chemical and mechanical washing methods. Chemical methods include enzyme washing, acid washing, and bleaching which use chemicals like enzymes and acids to break down indigo dye for color effects. Mechanical methods like stone washing use abrasive materials like pumice stones to create worn effects. Other techniques are sand blasting, whiskering, and laser treatments. Process parameters like chemical concentration, stone quantity, and treatment time affect the results. Washing adds value but also has costs for chemicals, machinery, and labor.
This document provides an overview of textile finishing processes. It defines textile finishing as treatments applied to fibers, yarns, or fabrics to impart desired functional properties. These finishes are broadly classified into mechanical, chemical, and enzyme finishes. The document then describes various mechanical processes like calendaring and chemical processes like flame retardant treatments. It also discusses enzyme finishing and some specific thread finishing techniques.
The document discusses various textile finishing processes. It describes finishing as a process that improves the look, performance, hand and feel of textiles. Some key finishing processes covered include damping, drying methods like cylinder drying and stenter drying, calendaring, and crepe effects. It also discusses shrinkage prevention in cotton and different types of finishes like temporary, permanent and semi-permanent.
The document summarizes various types of textile finishing processes. It discusses classifications of finishing based on the nature of finish, degree of permanence, and performance. It then provides examples and brief explanations of common finishing processes like optical finishing, compacting, calendaring, brushing, raising, napping, shearing, resin finish, softener treatment, water repellent finish, and anti-microbial finish. The objectives and mechanisms of different finishes are also outlined.
Durable press finishing provides fabrics with crease retention and freedom from ironing after washing through the use of cross-linking resins. The process involves padding the fabric with a resin like DMDHEU, making the fabric into garments, and curing them at a high temperature to set the creases. This provides better crease retention than wash and wear finishes. The resin must cure at high heat without discoloring and remain fast after washing. However, durable press finishing can reduce fabric strength and abrasion resistance due to the high resin levels and prolonged curing, so softeners are added to minimize these issues.
This document discusses two types of resin finishes for fabrics: deposition and cross-linking. Deposition resins coat fabric surfaces without reacting with fibers, while cross-linking resins chemically react with and bond fiber molecules. The preparation and application of urea-formaldehyde resin is described as an example of cross-linking resin finishing, involving padding the fabric with resin solution, drying, curing at high heat to polymerize the resin, washing off excess, and final softening and drying.
The document discusses textile finishing processes. It begins by defining textile finishing as processes used to impart functional or aesthetic properties to fibers, fabrics or clothing through physical and chemical treatments. It then classifies finishes as either functional or aesthetic based on whether they improve performance or modify appearance. Several specific finishing processes are described in detail, including crease resistance, antimicrobial finishing using natural extracts like neem, and flame resistance. The document provides information on how these finishes work and their benefits.
Garment washing is a process used to modify the appearance, comfort, and fashion of garments. There are various types of washes that produce different effects on fabrics, such as vintage, cloud, and acid washes. The type of wash depends on the product - for example, denim requires heavy enzyme washes while knit tees may only need a light softener wash. Common garment washing steps include a desizing process, washing with chemicals like detergent and enzymes, rinsing, drying, and quality checking. Washing introduces effects like fading and increases garment softness and comfort for customers.
This document discusses textile finishing. It begins by explaining that finishing is the final process given to textiles to enhance appearance, feel, and impart durable properties. Finishing can be classified based on the type of finish (physical/mechanical vs. chemical), degree of permanence (permanent to temporary), or performance (aesthetic vs. functional). Common aesthetic finishes are calendaring and mercerization, while functional finishes include water-repellent and durable press treatments. Specific finishing processes for various fiber types are outlined, and techniques like compacting, decating, and water-repellent finishes are explained in detail.
The document discusses denim garment manufacturing and washing processes. It provides background on denim fabric, outlines the typical process for manufacturing a denim shirt, and reviews different washing techniques including bleach wash, enzyme wash, and stone enzyme wash. Bleach wash uses chemicals like sodium hypochlorite to lighten denim shades. Enzyme wash is more environmentally friendly and uses enzymes to break down surface fibers for a soft feel. Stone enzyme wash combines enzymes and stones to abrade fabrics for a worn look. The effects of each wash on fabric properties are examined.
Textile finishing involves processes that textiles undergo after pretreatment, dyeing, or printing to enhance their attractiveness, comfort, and usefulness. Finishing can improve fabric appearance through processes like calendaring or optical brightening, or alter fabric handle through softening or stiffening. Finishing also improves fabric serviceability by adding properties like flame resistance, water resistance, or easy care attributes. Finishing methods are classified as aesthetic, functional, temporary, permanent, or semi-permanent and involve chemical or mechanical processes. Common mechanical processes include calendaring, brushing, singeing, tentering, and raising. Chemical processes include softening, hardening, resin finishing, mercerization, and fire resistant or antimicrobial
This document provides an overview of the manufacturing process and chemicals used in the denim industry. It discusses the evolution of denim fabric and defines key terms. The manufacturing process involves several steps: warping, indigo dyeing via chemical reduction and oxidation methods, sizing, weaving, and finishing. Various chemicals are used at different stages, including pre-treatment chemicals, dyeing chemicals, sizing agents, printing/coating chemicals, and finishing chemicals. Hazards associated with different chemicals are also reviewed. Process control is important for indigo dyeing quality. The document is a comprehensive reference on denim production and the involved chemicals.
Garment dyeing with pigments provides a wash-down effect that is not possible with other dye types like reactives or sulphur dyes. Pigment dyeing uses cationic polymers and reactants to attach pigment particles to fiber surfaces in a multi-layered structure for robust, level dyeing with good fastness properties. It is an economical process using less water, energy and chemicals than other dyeing methods. Common issues in pigment dyeing like unevenness can be addressed by ensuring proper pretreatment, liquor ratios, and pigment dispersion properties.
This document discusses different methods for waterproofing and water-repellent finishes on fabrics. It describes several techniques:
1. Applying a uniform coating of substances like rubber to block air and water passage through the fabric.
2. Using hydrophobic chemicals that are deposited on or make the fabric hydrophobic itself.
3. Specific techniques include coating with wax emulsions, synthetic resins, metallic salts, silicones and stearoxy methyl pyridium chloride.
4. The goal is to prevent air and water from passing through without making the fabric too stiff or altering its properties. Proper chemical selection and multi-step processes like padding, drying and curing are required.
This document discusses denim washing techniques. It begins with an introduction to denim fabric and its history. It then describes various types of denim and finishes that can be applied, such as stone washing, acid washing, sandblasting, and laser finishing. Specific techniques like stone washing, microsanding, and whiskering are explained in detail. The document provides information on the process, materials used, and effects of different denim washing methods. It concludes with a reference section citing additional sources.
Industrial Garments Washing is one of the major important parts for Textile sector. By industrial garments washing we can remove dust, dirt and infections material. For improving special look on garments as per fashion requirement. Garment washing is normally done after stitching. According to fashion trend and customer demand buyers ask for garment washing. For the washing apparel buyers mention exactly what types of washing they need for the order.
The document discusses various types of functional finishes for textiles, including antimicrobial, antistatic, crease resistant, durable press, flame resistant, soil release, and water and stain repellent finishes. It provides details on the objectives, methods, benefits, and requirements of antimicrobial finishes. It also explains the mechanisms and methods of application for antistatic and crease resistant finishes.
The document discusses various finishing processes used for wool fabrics, including methods to impart permanent set, control shrinkage, and moth proofing. It describes three main methods of permanent set - decatising, crabbing, and potting. Decatising uses steam under pressure to set the fibers, while crabbing uses heat and moisture. Potting involves boiling rolled wool fabrics to achieve a high degree of set. The document also covers concepts of shrinkage in wool and methods to control it, including landon shrinkage and compressive shrinkage treatments.
Fabric finishes are applied after fabric production to improve appearance, feel, or properties. Aesthetic finishes influence texture, luster, drape, and hand. Calendering uses rollers to impart finishes like glazing, moire, or embossing. Other techniques include brushing, shearing, and flocking to modify texture. Functional finishes provide benefits like wrinkle resistance or stain release. A fabric's fiber content and construction determine suitable finishing methods.
Dyeing Machineries, Textile Wet process engineering dyeing m/cMdAbdullah926144
Dyeing is the process of adding color to textiles like fibers, yarns, and fabrics using dye solutions and chemicals. Key factors in dyeing include temperature, time, and the type of dyeing machine used. Common dyeing machines include winch machines, which move fabric in rope form through dye liquor, and jigger machines, which move open-width woven fabrics between rollers while submerged in dye. Proper control of dyeing conditions and machine parameters is necessary to efficiently and uniformly dye textile materials.
This document discusses finishing processes and parameters for knit fabrics. It begins by introducing the author and objectives of studying finishing effects through a stabilizing dryer. It then discusses various finishing steps like slitting, dewatering, drying, and compacting. It describes the functions and effects of machines used in these steps like slitter, tube squeezer, dryer, stenter, and compactor. It notes problems that can occur and suggests solutions like using a Mahlo device or sunforizing device. Other machines discussed include brio, ultra-soft, and brushing machines. Graphs show effects on spirality and shrinkage. The conclusion emphasizes understanding deviations and quality control.
This document provides an overview of textile finishing processes. It defines textile finishing as treatments applied to fibers, yarns, or fabrics to impart desired functional properties. These finishes are broadly classified into mechanical, chemical, and enzyme finishes. The document then describes various mechanical processes like calendaring and chemical processes like flame retardant treatments. It also discusses enzyme finishing and some specific thread finishing techniques.
The document discusses various textile finishing processes. It describes finishing as a process that improves the look, performance, hand and feel of textiles. Some key finishing processes covered include damping, drying methods like cylinder drying and stenter drying, calendaring, and crepe effects. It also discusses shrinkage prevention in cotton and different types of finishes like temporary, permanent and semi-permanent.
The document summarizes various types of textile finishing processes. It discusses classifications of finishing based on the nature of finish, degree of permanence, and performance. It then provides examples and brief explanations of common finishing processes like optical finishing, compacting, calendaring, brushing, raising, napping, shearing, resin finish, softener treatment, water repellent finish, and anti-microbial finish. The objectives and mechanisms of different finishes are also outlined.
Durable press finishing provides fabrics with crease retention and freedom from ironing after washing through the use of cross-linking resins. The process involves padding the fabric with a resin like DMDHEU, making the fabric into garments, and curing them at a high temperature to set the creases. This provides better crease retention than wash and wear finishes. The resin must cure at high heat without discoloring and remain fast after washing. However, durable press finishing can reduce fabric strength and abrasion resistance due to the high resin levels and prolonged curing, so softeners are added to minimize these issues.
This document discusses two types of resin finishes for fabrics: deposition and cross-linking. Deposition resins coat fabric surfaces without reacting with fibers, while cross-linking resins chemically react with and bond fiber molecules. The preparation and application of urea-formaldehyde resin is described as an example of cross-linking resin finishing, involving padding the fabric with resin solution, drying, curing at high heat to polymerize the resin, washing off excess, and final softening and drying.
The document discusses textile finishing processes. It begins by defining textile finishing as processes used to impart functional or aesthetic properties to fibers, fabrics or clothing through physical and chemical treatments. It then classifies finishes as either functional or aesthetic based on whether they improve performance or modify appearance. Several specific finishing processes are described in detail, including crease resistance, antimicrobial finishing using natural extracts like neem, and flame resistance. The document provides information on how these finishes work and their benefits.
Garment washing is a process used to modify the appearance, comfort, and fashion of garments. There are various types of washes that produce different effects on fabrics, such as vintage, cloud, and acid washes. The type of wash depends on the product - for example, denim requires heavy enzyme washes while knit tees may only need a light softener wash. Common garment washing steps include a desizing process, washing with chemicals like detergent and enzymes, rinsing, drying, and quality checking. Washing introduces effects like fading and increases garment softness and comfort for customers.
This document discusses textile finishing. It begins by explaining that finishing is the final process given to textiles to enhance appearance, feel, and impart durable properties. Finishing can be classified based on the type of finish (physical/mechanical vs. chemical), degree of permanence (permanent to temporary), or performance (aesthetic vs. functional). Common aesthetic finishes are calendaring and mercerization, while functional finishes include water-repellent and durable press treatments. Specific finishing processes for various fiber types are outlined, and techniques like compacting, decating, and water-repellent finishes are explained in detail.
The document discusses denim garment manufacturing and washing processes. It provides background on denim fabric, outlines the typical process for manufacturing a denim shirt, and reviews different washing techniques including bleach wash, enzyme wash, and stone enzyme wash. Bleach wash uses chemicals like sodium hypochlorite to lighten denim shades. Enzyme wash is more environmentally friendly and uses enzymes to break down surface fibers for a soft feel. Stone enzyme wash combines enzymes and stones to abrade fabrics for a worn look. The effects of each wash on fabric properties are examined.
Textile finishing involves processes that textiles undergo after pretreatment, dyeing, or printing to enhance their attractiveness, comfort, and usefulness. Finishing can improve fabric appearance through processes like calendaring or optical brightening, or alter fabric handle through softening or stiffening. Finishing also improves fabric serviceability by adding properties like flame resistance, water resistance, or easy care attributes. Finishing methods are classified as aesthetic, functional, temporary, permanent, or semi-permanent and involve chemical or mechanical processes. Common mechanical processes include calendaring, brushing, singeing, tentering, and raising. Chemical processes include softening, hardening, resin finishing, mercerization, and fire resistant or antimicrobial
This document provides an overview of the manufacturing process and chemicals used in the denim industry. It discusses the evolution of denim fabric and defines key terms. The manufacturing process involves several steps: warping, indigo dyeing via chemical reduction and oxidation methods, sizing, weaving, and finishing. Various chemicals are used at different stages, including pre-treatment chemicals, dyeing chemicals, sizing agents, printing/coating chemicals, and finishing chemicals. Hazards associated with different chemicals are also reviewed. Process control is important for indigo dyeing quality. The document is a comprehensive reference on denim production and the involved chemicals.
Garment dyeing with pigments provides a wash-down effect that is not possible with other dye types like reactives or sulphur dyes. Pigment dyeing uses cationic polymers and reactants to attach pigment particles to fiber surfaces in a multi-layered structure for robust, level dyeing with good fastness properties. It is an economical process using less water, energy and chemicals than other dyeing methods. Common issues in pigment dyeing like unevenness can be addressed by ensuring proper pretreatment, liquor ratios, and pigment dispersion properties.
This document discusses different methods for waterproofing and water-repellent finishes on fabrics. It describes several techniques:
1. Applying a uniform coating of substances like rubber to block air and water passage through the fabric.
2. Using hydrophobic chemicals that are deposited on or make the fabric hydrophobic itself.
3. Specific techniques include coating with wax emulsions, synthetic resins, metallic salts, silicones and stearoxy methyl pyridium chloride.
4. The goal is to prevent air and water from passing through without making the fabric too stiff or altering its properties. Proper chemical selection and multi-step processes like padding, drying and curing are required.
This document discusses denim washing techniques. It begins with an introduction to denim fabric and its history. It then describes various types of denim and finishes that can be applied, such as stone washing, acid washing, sandblasting, and laser finishing. Specific techniques like stone washing, microsanding, and whiskering are explained in detail. The document provides information on the process, materials used, and effects of different denim washing methods. It concludes with a reference section citing additional sources.
Industrial Garments Washing is one of the major important parts for Textile sector. By industrial garments washing we can remove dust, dirt and infections material. For improving special look on garments as per fashion requirement. Garment washing is normally done after stitching. According to fashion trend and customer demand buyers ask for garment washing. For the washing apparel buyers mention exactly what types of washing they need for the order.
The document discusses various types of functional finishes for textiles, including antimicrobial, antistatic, crease resistant, durable press, flame resistant, soil release, and water and stain repellent finishes. It provides details on the objectives, methods, benefits, and requirements of antimicrobial finishes. It also explains the mechanisms and methods of application for antistatic and crease resistant finishes.
The document discusses various finishing processes used for wool fabrics, including methods to impart permanent set, control shrinkage, and moth proofing. It describes three main methods of permanent set - decatising, crabbing, and potting. Decatising uses steam under pressure to set the fibers, while crabbing uses heat and moisture. Potting involves boiling rolled wool fabrics to achieve a high degree of set. The document also covers concepts of shrinkage in wool and methods to control it, including landon shrinkage and compressive shrinkage treatments.
Fabric finishes are applied after fabric production to improve appearance, feel, or properties. Aesthetic finishes influence texture, luster, drape, and hand. Calendering uses rollers to impart finishes like glazing, moire, or embossing. Other techniques include brushing, shearing, and flocking to modify texture. Functional finishes provide benefits like wrinkle resistance or stain release. A fabric's fiber content and construction determine suitable finishing methods.
Dyeing Machineries, Textile Wet process engineering dyeing m/cMdAbdullah926144
Dyeing is the process of adding color to textiles like fibers, yarns, and fabrics using dye solutions and chemicals. Key factors in dyeing include temperature, time, and the type of dyeing machine used. Common dyeing machines include winch machines, which move fabric in rope form through dye liquor, and jigger machines, which move open-width woven fabrics between rollers while submerged in dye. Proper control of dyeing conditions and machine parameters is necessary to efficiently and uniformly dye textile materials.
This document discusses finishing processes and parameters for knit fabrics. It begins by introducing the author and objectives of studying finishing effects through a stabilizing dryer. It then discusses various finishing steps like slitting, dewatering, drying, and compacting. It describes the functions and effects of machines used in these steps like slitter, tube squeezer, dryer, stenter, and compactor. It notes problems that can occur and suggests solutions like using a Mahlo device or sunforizing device. Other machines discussed include brio, ultra-soft, and brushing machines. Graphs show effects on spirality and shrinkage. The conclusion emphasizes understanding deviations and quality control.
Changes in Mechanical Properties of Denim Due to Different Washing ProcessesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effects of different washing processes on the mechanical properties of denim fabrics. 100% cotton denim samples were treated with bleach wash, enzyme wash, and potassium permanganate (PP) wash. Testing showed that the gram per square meter and tensile strength of all samples decreased with washing. Color fastness to crocking improved for all washed samples. The enzyme washed sample showed the largest decreases in tearing strength and tensile strength as the enzyme broke down the cotton fibers. Dimensional stability was also affected, with bleach washed samples experiencing more shrinkage. In conclusion, washing impacted the mechanical properties of denim but improved aspects like color fastness, with PP wash having lesser effects than other
The document summarizes the pad steam dyeing machine. It describes the machine as a continuous dyeing process where fabric is padded with dye and then steamed. The summary is:
The document describes the pad steam dyeing machine, which uses a continuous roller steamer to diffuse dyes into cellulosic fibers through heat and moisture. It can be used for processes like reactive, vat, and direct dyeing, as well as reduction clearing and stripping. The main sections of the machine are the inlet, padding, steamer, washer, dryers, and batcher.
Efficiency losses calculation and identify causes of losses of circular knitt...Elias Khalil (ইলিয়াস খলিল)
This thesis deals with a major problem of production loss of a knitting industry. The knitting machine has to stop when defects occurred and then faults are corrected, which results in time loss and efficiency loss. Not only that the knitted fabric may be rejected if quality requirements are not met. An effective monitoring is required to avoid defects and to avoid productivity and quality losses. The study identifies two main categories of defects (average time required for correcting defects and machine down time) are responsible for reducing productivity. The thesis reflects that due to yarn breakage machine stopped for seen minutes per days, for maintaining machine stopped for two hours per month, for needle breakage six minutes per day and for technical problem machine stopped for several times.
This document discusses different types of shrinkage that can occur in fabrics, including relaxation shrinkage, felting shrinkage, compressive shrinkage, residual shrinkage, processing shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and elastic shrinkage. It explains the causes of each type of shrinkage and factors that influence the amount of shrinkage, such as fiber type, yarn construction, fabric weight, stitch length, and finishing processes. Methods for controlling and reducing shrinkage are also outlined.
IRJET- Reduction of Fibrillation of Lyocell Knitted Fabric with Defibrillator...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on reducing fibrillation of lyocell knitted fabric through a defibrillator process. Orthogonal experiments were conducted comparing untreated fabric to fabric treated with a defibrillator machine. Testing showed the treated fabric had improved pilling resistance, a cleaner surface after washing, comparable strength, and softer feel compared to untreated fabric. The defibrillator process was found to successfully control fibrillation and its effects on lyocell knitted fabric quality.
IRJET - Reduction of Fibrillation of Lyocell Knitted Fabric with Defibrillato...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using a defibrillator process to reduce fibrillation in lyocell knitted fabrics. Orthogonal experiments were conducted comparing untreated and treated lyocell knit samples. The defibrillator process was found to significantly reduce pilling and surface hairiness even after repeated home washing, while maintaining comparable bursting strength. Treated fabrics also showed improved smoothness, softness and less abrasion weight loss. The defibrillator process produced lyocell knit fabrics with cleaner surfaces and better hand feel and durability.
The document discusses various processes involved in garment washing and finishing departments. It includes:
1. The washing department involves dry processes like whiskering and hand scraping, as well as wet processes using enzymes, bleaches and softeners. The capacity for a style is calculated based on machine capacity, order quantity and delivery timeline.
2. The finishing section includes processes like pressing, folding, packing, and cartooning. Important materials and machines used are also listed. Quality is ensured by inspecting garments for defects after each process.
3. Industrial engineering techniques like method study, time study and capacity study are used to improve productivity and efficiency in garment manufacturing. Key responsibilities of industrial engineering include layout planning
This document provides a summary of the author's industrial internship attachment at Bengal Hurricane Group, a knit garment manufacturing company in Bangladesh. Over three pages, the author outlines the major sections and processes within the company, including knitting, dyeing, washing, printing, garment production, quality control, finishing, and merchandising. For each section, the author describes the relevant processes, equipment, potential faults, and lessons learned. The overall summary provides insight into the full garment manufacturing process from fabric production to final product within a Bangladeshi export-oriented knitwear company.
Sizing is the process of applying an adhesive coating to yarn to improve properties like strength and smoothness. The objectives of sizing include protecting yarn from abrasion and decreasing static electricity. A sizing machine coats yarn with size ingredients like adhesives and lubricants in the size box, then dries the yarn on cylinders before winding it onto beams. Key components are creels for unwinding yarn, size boxes for coating, drying cylinders, and headstocks for winding yarn onto beams. Process parameters like size viscosity and squeezing pressure affect the amount of size picked up by the yarn.
This document provides information about various textile dyeing and finishing machines. It begins with an introduction to dyeing processes and dyeing machines in general. It then describes several specific types of machines in more detail, including jigger dyeing machines, pad batch dyeing machines, mercerizing machines, sanforizing machines, and thermosol dyeing machines. It also provides examples of dyeing and chemical recipes used with some of these machines. Finally, it lists some popular companies that manufacture dyeing and finishing equipment.
MSE-4105-Chapter-2-Manufacturing of Composites.pdfShamahaKhondoker
This document discusses various processing techniques and manufacturing processes for fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites. It describes structural, semi-structural, and non-structural processing techniques based on fiber alignment. Various manufacturing processes are then discussed, including hand lay-up, pultrusion, resin transfer molding, filament winding, compression molding, injection molding, blow molding, and infiltration. Key factors affecting the selection of manufacturing processes are identified as production rate, cost, part requirements, geometry, and material.
IRJET - Some Studies on Needle Punched Nonwoven Sorbents Made from Cotton, Ka...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on developing biodegradable needle punched nonwoven fabrics from natural fibers like cotton, kapok and jute for oil spill cleanup. Fiber webs were prepared using different blend ratios of the fibers and needle punched to bond them. The nonwovens were tested for oil absorbency and retention using diesel and engine oil. Results showed that fabrics with 5% jute absorbed the most oil initially but absorption decreased with higher jute content. Absorption also generally decreased over time but fabrics retained strength when wet. The study aims to identify the most effective natural fiber blend for oil spill cleanup.
This presentation summarizes several dry denim washing processes used in the textile industry. It was presented by three students and thanks their teacher. The processes discussed include whiskering, laser whiskering, hand scraping, 3D wrinkles, tagging, and potassium permanganate spraying. For each process, the presentation provides details on the technique, equipment used, and effects on denim garments. Precautions are also outlined for some processes that involve chemicals or intensive labor. The overall presentation aims to educate about important dry washing techniques commonly applied in denim finishing without the need for wet processing.
Review of analysis of textile squeezing rollerEvans Marshall
This document provides a literature review on techniques for analyzing and reducing deflection in long rollers used in textile machines. It discusses various methods that have been studied to minimize roller deflection, including using profiled roller shapes, crowning rollers according to deflection levels, and roller shifting systems. It also reviews different wet pick-up processes used to remove excess water from fabrics, such as squeezing between rollers, vacuum extraction, and air jet ejectors. The goal of the literature review is to better understand how to obtain even squeezing of wet fabrics through rollers and reduce production losses.
Wrinkle free resin finishing is a process to apply chemical resin onto fabrics functioning crosslinking between hydrogen bonds in order to enhance stability, on other words, fabrics are prevent to wrinkling. The ability of a fabric to recover to a definite degree is called crease recovery of the fabric.Tendency of fabrics made by cellulose, regenerated cellulose and blends with synthetic fibers to wrinkle after washing, tumble drying and wearing are higher. Today everybody wishes for that his/her dress retains just ironed shape. Wrinkle free finishes provide wrinkle free and soft look fabric. Wrinkle free finishes are broadly used in the textile industry to impart wrinkle-resistance to cellulosic materials such as cotton fabric.
Controlling points, Faults, Causes and Remedies Involved in Different Fi...Md. Mazadul Hasan Shishir
The document discusses finishing processes for knit fabrics and provides details about common faults, causes, and remedies. It covers processes like dewatering, slitting, drying, stentering, and compacting. For each process, controlling points are identified and typical faults like crease marks, softener spots, and GSM variations are summarized along with likely causes such as improper speed control or softener mixing. Remedies for the faults including proper ballooning, cleaning equipment, and maintaining consistent process parameters are also outlined. The document aims to improve understanding of finishing for knit fabrics.
1. The document discusses textile printing and finishing processes, including the significance, steps of textile printing, methods of printing, styles of printing, textile finishing, classification of finishing, textile mercerization, conditions of mercerization, waterproof finishing, and important water repellent finishes.
2. Key topics covered include the preparation of fabric for printing, making the print paste, applying the print, drying and steaming the printed fabric, and different printing methods like screen, roller, and digital printing.
3. Textile finishing aims to make fabrics suitable for their end use by making them shrink proof, softer, stiffer, water repellent or crease resistant, and important finishes
1. The document discusses textile printing and finishing processes, including the significance, steps of textile printing, methods of printing, styles of printing, textile finishing, classification of finishing, textile mercerization, conditions of mercerization, waterproof finishing, and important water repellent finishes.
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Wrinkle finish on denim by resin treatment: A Review
1. AASCIT Communications
Volume 2, Issue 3
May 10, 2015 online
ISSN: 2375-3803
Wrinkle Finish on Denim by Resin Treatment:
A Review
Elias Khalil Department of Textile Engineering, World University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Mazedul Islam Department of Textile Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur,
Bangladesh
Keywords
Wrinkle Finish, Resin Application, Denim Garments, Curing
owadays, fashion in clothing is unimaginable without denim garment with a numerous effect. Various types of dry and wet
process are used to make these effect. In this article, 3D/crinkle effect by creating wrinkles on the denim garments
preceded by resin application is discussed. This effect gives vintage look as well as add value to the garments though having
possibility of decreasing tearing strength.
Introduction
Garment finishing is one of the finishing methods applied on garment, with the use of new technologies and equipment enables
to obtain the desired results [1]. For finishing of denim garments, a range of treatment methods such as enzymatic treatment [2-4],
bleaching treatment [5-6], acid treatment [7], silicone treatment [8] etc. are used widely. They all are aimed at new possible
effects of fabric appearance. Particularly the dry finishing creates many effects on denim fabric, it will stimulate the customers to
buy, and also it increases the market potential of the denim market [9]. Resin & its use in denim garments industry to create
unique & vintage looks (crinkle effect) which add value to denim garments & improves it salability in market. In 80’s, resin being
used to give non press, iron free trousers & now it is being used in denims to make wrinkles & creases to look natural vintage
which stays after multiple home laundries [10].
Wrinkle and Resins
A wrinkle, also known as a rhytide, is a fold, ridge or crease in the cloth or garments. It is the fabric deformations based on its
viscoelastic properties, meaning a slight depression in the smoothness of a surface [11-12, 16].Wrinkles give fabric a vintage and
aged appearance. The wrinkled-jeans look is created with chemicals and machines that manipulate the denim fabric and wrinkle
it in the desired areas [13].Some wrinkle effects on denims are shown in figure 1.
Figure 1. Wrinkle effect on denims.
N
2. ISSN: 2375-3803 83
Resins are viscous liquids that are capable of hardening permanently [14].Resins mainly fall into two groups, one is
deposition type of resins. This type of resins is deposited on the fabric as surface coating. No reaction will take place between
the fiber and resin. They include Phenol-formaldehyde resins, Urea formaldehyde resin, Alkyd resins, Ketone resins, Vinyl
resins etc. Another is Cross linking type of resins. These types of resins chemically react with the fiber and cross link the fiber
molecules [15].
Principle of Wrinkle Formation
Cotton is a cellulosic fiber and its polymer is linked by many hydroxyl (-OH) groups .The structural units of cellulose contain
crystalline region, amorphous region and intermediate region. In the crystalline region, the cellulose chains are closely packed
and the mobility of the chains is low. However, for the amorphous and the intermediate regions, the molecular chains are
temporarily held together with weak hydrogen bonds and the bonding could be broken easily when distortion force is applied.
After the force is applied, the temporarily bonds would reform into a new position and the chains are failed to return to their
original positions. As a result, wrinkle or crease is formed [16].
How Resin Works
The resin forms covalent bonds to replace the weak hydrogen bonds between the cellulose chains. Therefore, the stability of
the bonding would be improved and the molecule chains would more likely to return to its original position. When cellulose
cotton fiber is treated with resin agent, intermolecular crosslinks would be strengthening because of the bonding. As a result,
cellulose chains would be able to hold the adjacent molecular chains [16].
Resin Application
Resin is applied on finished garment where wrinkle has to be made then wrinkles are created manually or semi automatically
[19]. Low formaldehyde or formaldehyde free catalyst integrated crosslinking N, N-dimethylol 4, 5-dihydroxy- ethylene urea
(DMDHEU) type resins along with support auxiliaries are being used in a large scale in denim industry[18,21]. Support
auxiliaries are used for various purposes such as improving resin penetration into thick fabrics and seams, creating creases at low
temperatures, improving handle when used as a softener in last bath, imparting extra shiny look etc. [20]. Different types of resin
application systems are described below.
Garment-Dip Method
In the garment-dip method, garments are impregnated with a resin solution, extracted to about 65 percent wet pick-up and then
tumble dried to 8-10 percent moisture content [10].
Spray Method
In the spray method is a latest technology of wrinkle finishing, the resin is applied by spraying it onto the garment during
tumbling in an enclosed rotational device, or on spray booth where garments being hanged to inflated balloons & sprayed a
measured quantity of resin solution [17].
Spray Method with Conveyor
Spray Cabinets with Conveyor allows to apply chemical application to robots dressed up with jeans while, they are moving on
the conveyor and is a system that makes easy and increase the workflow and daily capacity [17].
Techniques of Wrinkle Formation
Wrinkles on overall garments or specific desired areas are created manually or automatically by manipulating denim garments
in different ways [13]. Some industrial wrinkle making techniques are described below.
3. 84 2015; 2(3): 82-87
By Tying Specific Area with Thread
After resin application, tying is done with thread at the specific area where crinkle effect is desired. The garments is then sent
to oven for curing [23].
By Using Clip
In this process the small areas of the garment is bound by using clips on the required areas for desired effect and then garment
is put in the oven for curing [18].
By Using 3D Wire Crinkle Machine
This machine consists of 3 operation heads and 3 stations. Variable pressure can produce unlimited crease designs which can
be altered easily by changing the wire configuration. The operation time is around 30 seconds.
By Using Garments Crushing Machine
It is a scrunch/ crushing machine of steam system, achieving different levels of wrinkle and/or pressing. This machine is used
for scrunch applications and making wrinkle all over the garment. The effects can be adjusted depending on the pressure, steam
and chemical level [22].
By Using 3D Bendable Leg
This machine is used to give some crinkle effects on the denim jeans during the washing process. This flexible hanger consists
of one station and one flexible hanger. There is no energy consumption in this system. It works just with air [17].
By Using the Crinkle Press
The Crinkle press consists of 2 application stands and one head that will press the trousers to be given effect on these stands.
The system works with air and electricity. The air is used for creating pressure force of the air pistons, while electricity is used for
feeding resistances of the heating group. The system is sliding and the product can be prepared on one stand while the pressing
procedure is carried out on the other [17].
By Using Octopus Crinkle Machines
It has double header 6 head & 6 legs, separate heating in down of each leg and 6 locations can be operated on same time. Two
user can operate whole system. All 6 legs and heads can be controlled separately. Front pocket with regions and next fractures can
be made at same time and top and bottom heaters blow of one executable request [24].
By Using Knee Effect Machine
This machine is being used for getting loose the knee area of the denim jeans. The temperature and the processing time can be
easily adjusted from the control panel [17].
By Using Net Machine
It works with air and pressure of 6 bar and no electricity is required. There is 6 liters air consumption per jeans. The main tube
was made from stainless steel. [17].
By Using Double Head Crinkle Machine
Double Head Crinkle Machine is used to obtain permanent crinkle effects on various parts of the garments. Due to its usage
ease it is highly preferred. Regardless of the garment size, with the help of double creasing frame of the machine, it is easy to give
the crinkle effects on desired parts of garments [17].
4. ISSN: 2375-3803 85
By Using Crinkle Machine with Spiral
The Crinkle Machine with Spiral, having 6 heads, is a highly effective wrinkling machine due to its high running speed, fast
workflow and as it enables low cost production. The garments to be given crinkle effects before and as well as after the washing
process are located on the heaters and treated by the heads of the machine respectively. The crinkling process time is around 30
seconds if the garments are treated before the washing process, whereas it is 20 seconds if the garments are treated after the
washing process [17].
Curing with Ovens
Curing is the process to place the fabric at high temperature for allowing the chemical to carry out the reaction process [16].
For high quality 3D crunching / wrinkles, the two most important criteria are temperature and control of cycle [10].Oven curing
is needed to reach right temperature (145–160°
C) & time (7–22 min) as per resin tech bulletin advice [12]. Some typical
industrial ovens e.g. automatic type ovens with conveyor, box type curing oven with trolley, semi-professional curing ovens with
conveyor are being used widely [17].
Parameters in Choosing Denims for Resin Application
The garment finisher usually does not manufacture his own fabric and he may be faced with unacceptable losses in tensile
strength, tear strength and abrasion resistance in the fabric when cross-linking [10].For producing an acceptable 3D effects
Denim, several precautions must be taken in fabric selection e.g. the base fabric must have sufficient strength to withstand
40-60 per cent loss in tensile and tear strength and still maintain sufficient strength to provide a garment of acceptable wear
life and durability, it must also have excellent absorbency to allow resin to penetrate into the very interior of the fibers and
form crosslink’s. Surface adhering resins do not serve any useful purpose and are inefficient and wasteful, if the fabric is dyed
the dye must be fast to acid catalysis and high temperatures. Sulphur dyes, which are known to generate acid upon storage, are
to be strictly avoided & Lycra/Spandex based fabric also should be tested on elongation before mass production. Residual
extractable on the fabric (like starch from size) can react with resin and lower its effectiveness, a high degree of size removal
is thus essential. Fabric pH
should be between 6.5 to 7. [10].
Advantages and Disadvantages of Wrinkle Finish
Wrinkle effect on denims creates unique & vintage looks that makes the garments more fashionable, hence adding value to
denim garments & improves its salability in market. It prevents the intermolecular slippage in the fiber core and it may not
harmful if we use formaldehyde free resin.
It decreases the tensile & tear strength, abrasion resistance. It gives an unpleasant odor and unwanted harsh & stiff feel. It may
turn the fabric yellow after chlorine bleaching. Sometimes it is difficult to remove unfixed resin [12].
Elias Khalil
B.S. degree in Textile Engineering (Wet Processing Engineering) from Bangladesh University of
Textiles (BUTex) in 2011. During 2011-2013, he stayed in National Institute of Engineering and
Technology (NIET) and a renowned Textile factory. His concentration areas are Apparel Manufacturing,
Etextiles, Geotextiles, Non-Woven Composites, Wet Processing, and Nanotechnology in textiles,
Polymer, Application of Computer in Textiles. His M.Sc. in Textile Engineering (Apparel Manufacturing
Engineering) is ongoing at BUTex and now working as a Co-coordinator & Lecturer in Department of
Textile Engineering at World University of Bangladesh.
Email address: eliaskhalil52@gmail.com
5. 86 2015; 2(3): 82-87
Md. Mazedul Islam
B.S. degree in Textile Engineering (Garments Manufacturing Technology) from Bangladesh University
of Textiles (BUTex) in 2009. Then he started his career as a Textile Engineer (Merchandiser) at
renowned textile factory and joined at Daffodil International University (DIU) as a lecturer of Garments
Manufacturing Technology Department. His concentration areas are Sustainability of Textile and
Clothing Industry, Sustainable Development of Textile and Clothing Products, Green Fashion design &
Merchandising, Nanotechnology in textiles etc. After serving DIU successfully, he joined Dhaka
University of Engineering & Technology (DUET), Gazipur, as a lecturer in 2012 and currently working
here. His M.Sc. in Textile Engineering (Apparel Manufacturing Engineering) is ongoing at BUTex.
Email address: mazed.butex77@gmail.com
References
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[2] Mondal, M. I. H., & Khan, M. M. R. (2014). Characterization and process optimization of indigo dyed cotton denim garments by
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[3] Khan, M. M. R., Mondal, M. I. H., & Uddin, M. Z. (2013). Sustainable washing for denim garments by enzymatic treatment. Journal of
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[4] Joy Sarkar, Elias Khalil, M. S. (2014). Effect of Enzyme Washing Combined With Pumice Stone on the Physical, Mechanical and Color
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[12] Wrinkle finishing technique, By Azmir Latif, Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/
[13] How to Get the Wrinkled Look in Your Jeans, By Kimberly Caines, Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com
[14] Synthetic resin. (2015, January 10). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 15:56, April 1, 2015, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Synthetic_resin&oldid=641939748
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Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University May 2012
[17] http://www.metodmakina.com/
[18] Personal communication, Tarasima Apparels Ltd (Bitopi Group), Dhaka - Aricha Hwy, Bangladesh.
[19] Wrinkle Making Chemical For Denim Garment, Retrieved from http://www.kenencoregroup.com/
[20] DyStar Lava Laundry Auxiliaries, Retrieved from http://www.kaisertekstil.com/
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Materials Research (Vol. 602, pp. 908-912).