Textile Printing & Finishing

1. 1
Assignment
Topic: Textile Printing & Finishing
Course Code: TE-321
Course Title: Textile wet processing-II
Submitted To
Sumon Mozumder
Assistant Professor, Department of Textile Engineering
Submitted By
Name : Md. Toukir Ahmed Srabon
ID: 152-23-4325
Daffodil International University
Date Of Submission:15-04-2020

2. 2
Index
Name Of The Topic Page No
Significance of the study 03
Textile printing and step of textile printing 04
Methods of textile printing 05
Styles of printing 06
Textiles finishing 07
Classification of textile finishing 08
Textile Mercerization 09
Conditions of mercerization 10
Water proof finishing 11
Some name of water proof finishers 12
Conclusion 13
References 14

3. 3
Significance Of The Study
1.To know about textile printing.
2.To know about step of textile printing.
3.To know about method of textile printing.
4.To know about some styles of printing.
5.To know about textile finishing.
6.To know about classification of textile finishing.
7.To know about textile mercerization.
8.To know about condition of mercerization.
9.To know about water proof finishing and name
of some important finishers.

4. 4
Description Of The Study
Textile Printing:
Textile printing is the process of localized application of dyes or
pigments and chemicals by any method which can produce particular
effect of color on the fabric according to the design.
Step Of Textile Printing:
Preparation of the fabric (singeing, desizing , scouring, bleaching,
mercerizing)
Preparation of the print paste (dye+ thickener+ other printing
ingredients/chemicals)
Making an impression of the printing paste on the surface of fabric
(actual printing is done
according to design by different styles and methods)
Drying of the printed fabric (at 100-110 0 C by dryer according to
types of fabric)
Steaming of the printed fabric (for the fixation of dyes with fibre)
After treatment (soaping, washing to remove unfixed dyes,
thickeners from the fabric surface.

5. 5
Methods Of Textile printing:
Method of printing means the method of producing printed
pattern. Followings are the important textile:
printing methods:
Block printing
Screen printing :
# Flat screen printing
# Rotary screen printing
Stencil printing
Roller printing
Transfer printing
Flock printing
Burn-out printing
Duplex printing
Batik printing
Air brush painting
Spray Printing
Digital ink-jet printing

6. 6
Styles of Printing:
Styles of printing means the manner in which a printed effect
is produced. Styles of printing are-
1. Direct style
2. Discharge style
3. Resist style
4. Azoic style
5. Creep style
6. Flock style
7. Burn-out style

7. 7
Textile Finishing:
Finishing is the general term for a
multitude of processes and treatments which a
fabric may undergo after it has been made
(woven or knitted) and colored (dyed or
printed). It is the final processing of the cloth
and its purpose is to make the fabric suitable for
its intended end use. For example, making the
fabric shrink proof, softer, stiffer, water
repellent, crease resistant or a combination of
these properties.

8. 8
Classification Of Textile Finshing:

9. 9
Textile Mercerization:
Mercerization is a physio-chemical
treatment of cellulosic textiles in yarn or fabric
form, where the fabric or yarn is treated with highly
concentrated caustic soda solution (20-25%) at
lower temperature (15-18 0 C). Mercerization is one
of the most important of all cotton finishes and is a
permanent chemical finishing process. This finish
imparts luster to the cotton, increases its tensile
strength by nearly 25% and improves dye affinity,
producing brighter shades than unmercerized
cotton. It also enhances the handle as well as uses
less dye to achieve the same depth of shade. Both the
fabrics and yarns can be mercerized, but fibers
cannot.

10. 10
Conditions Of Mercerization:
Temperature (ideal temperature of mercerization
is 15-18 0 C)
Tension during mercerization (tension should be
sufficient to achieve the desire effect)
Caustic soda concentration (most commonly
used concentration is 20-22%)
Nature and mount of wetting agent (usually 0.5-
1% of wetting agent is used)
Time of mercerization (30-60 seconds time is
enough to achieve the mercerizing effect)
Washing condition (washing under stretched
condition after mercerization is very important)

11. 11
Water Repellent/Proof Finishing:
Water repellency is a feature of textile material by
which it prevents the spreading of a drop of water on its
surface. Water repellency can be defined as the ability of
the fabric to withstand wetting or penetration by water
under the test conditions. Water repellent fabrics have
open pores and, by finishing the interstices between warp
and weft yarns remain unaltered or little affected. So,
these are air permeable and also allow water vapor to
pass through.
On the other hand, the term “water proof” is used to
define a fabric coated with a solid surface film with no or
little air permeability. When a uniform coating of
suitable substances such as rubber, fats, wax etc. is
produced on the surface of the fabric the interstices
between the warp and weft yarns are blocked by the
continuous film of the substance and the fabric becomes
completely impervious to water. The treated fabric
becomes impermeable to air also. This type of finish is
called as water-proof finish. The textile material is
padded with the water repellent or water proof finishes
and then is cured at the temperature ranges from 140-
150°C.

12. 12
Name of Important Water Repellent
Finishes:
There are two types of water repellent finishes, namely,
durable finish and non-durable finish. Durable
finish can withstand after washing many times whereas
non-durable finish cannot withstand against
washing for many times. Following finishing agents can
be used to make the fabrics water repellent.
# Aluminium salts
# Aluminium salt and wax combination
# Zirconium salt and wax combination (Phobotex FT)
# Pyridinium chloride (Velan PF)
# Silicones (polysiloxanes)*
# Fluorochemicals (polyacrylates)

13. 13
Conclusion:
printing and finishing machineries have a
great impact in textile industry. Finishing can be
said the backbone of a quality production and
printing is the ornament for any stylish
production. So both the finishing and printing
machineries have usefulness in our textile
industry. Production is not possible accurately
without those machineries.

14. 14
References:
1) Sumon Mozumder, Assistant Professor,
Department of Textile Engineering
(2) www.textiletoday.com.bd
(3) www.danti.it
(4) www.textileschool.com
(5) www.encyclopedia.com