This is a presentation I made at the International Workshop Coastal, River Zone Management, Regulations and Development organised by NEERI, IITB and ICC.
The document summarizes trends in urbanization and discusses strategies for more sustainable urban development. It notes that about half the world's population lives in cities, which are growing rapidly especially in developing countries. Issues caused by urban sprawl like air and water pollution, loss of open space, and longer travel times are discussed. The document then presents tools for urban planning like zoning, growth boundaries, and public transit to promote compact development and limit environmental impacts.
Coastal and River Zone Management: Perspectives from Mumbai. by-Rishi AggarwalEcotist
Observer Research Foundation, made a rousing presentation on the neglected aspects of CRZ interpretation and implementation in Mumbai. Presented several case studies emphasizing that CRZ implementation was not up to the mark. Marked the lack of proper solid waste management strategies in a city like Mumbai.
The document discusses Vietnamese German University. It outlines the university's practice and indicators related to greening the economy in Toronto, Canada. Key drivers for Toronto's green economic development included improving healthy environments, vital economies, and social equity. Actors involved in GED included city staff, politicians, and community groups. Instruments used to promote GED included policies around green buildings, loans for green businesses and technologies, and green procurement standards.
A brief overview of the negative outcomes and environmental challenges of rapid urban growth using the example of Bengaluru, India. Also looks at means to solve these problems and secure a sustainable future.
Urban sprawl is the unchecked spreading and growth of cities and suburbs. It occurs when development expands outward from city centers in low-density residential areas that are primarily automobile-dependent. Urban sprawl is associated with increased infrastructure costs, pollution, and reliance on fossil fuels due to greater automobile use. However, some argue that urban sprawl supports those who cannot find housing in city centers and that not all cities need limits on outward growth. Suggestions to limit sprawl include establishing urban growth boundaries and controlling population growth to allow for more open space and efficient management of public services.
Urban environments are becoming increasingly populated as rates of urbanization rise globally. Some key points:
- By 2025, it is estimated that 58% of the world's population will live in urban areas, up from 30% in 1950. Urbanization is occurring most rapidly in less economically developed countries (LEDCs).
- Many LEDC cities face severe problems related to rapid urban growth, including lack of adequate housing, infrastructure, and services. Poor residents often live in slums and informal settlements that lack clean water, sanitation, and other basic amenities.
- Common issues in large urban areas in LEDCs include overcrowding, poor public health, traffic congestion, unemployment, and crime. Rising
Urban issues in more economically developed countries (MEDCs) include transport congestion, lack of sufficient housing, and inequalities in urban areas. As more people move to cities, congestion increases as roads in city centers are narrow and cannot accommodate the high traffic volumes. Housing demand also grows as populations increase and household sizes shrink, but building new affordable homes in cities is difficult due to high land costs and limited land availability. Some try to escape urban problems through counter-urbanization, moving from cities to rural areas, but sustainable solutions are needed to address issues facing growing cities.
The document summarizes trends in urbanization and discusses strategies for more sustainable urban development. It notes that about half the world's population lives in cities, which are growing rapidly especially in developing countries. Issues caused by urban sprawl like air and water pollution, loss of open space, and longer travel times are discussed. The document then presents tools for urban planning like zoning, growth boundaries, and public transit to promote compact development and limit environmental impacts.
Coastal and River Zone Management: Perspectives from Mumbai. by-Rishi AggarwalEcotist
Observer Research Foundation, made a rousing presentation on the neglected aspects of CRZ interpretation and implementation in Mumbai. Presented several case studies emphasizing that CRZ implementation was not up to the mark. Marked the lack of proper solid waste management strategies in a city like Mumbai.
The document discusses Vietnamese German University. It outlines the university's practice and indicators related to greening the economy in Toronto, Canada. Key drivers for Toronto's green economic development included improving healthy environments, vital economies, and social equity. Actors involved in GED included city staff, politicians, and community groups. Instruments used to promote GED included policies around green buildings, loans for green businesses and technologies, and green procurement standards.
A brief overview of the negative outcomes and environmental challenges of rapid urban growth using the example of Bengaluru, India. Also looks at means to solve these problems and secure a sustainable future.
Urban sprawl is the unchecked spreading and growth of cities and suburbs. It occurs when development expands outward from city centers in low-density residential areas that are primarily automobile-dependent. Urban sprawl is associated with increased infrastructure costs, pollution, and reliance on fossil fuels due to greater automobile use. However, some argue that urban sprawl supports those who cannot find housing in city centers and that not all cities need limits on outward growth. Suggestions to limit sprawl include establishing urban growth boundaries and controlling population growth to allow for more open space and efficient management of public services.
Urban environments are becoming increasingly populated as rates of urbanization rise globally. Some key points:
- By 2025, it is estimated that 58% of the world's population will live in urban areas, up from 30% in 1950. Urbanization is occurring most rapidly in less economically developed countries (LEDCs).
- Many LEDC cities face severe problems related to rapid urban growth, including lack of adequate housing, infrastructure, and services. Poor residents often live in slums and informal settlements that lack clean water, sanitation, and other basic amenities.
- Common issues in large urban areas in LEDCs include overcrowding, poor public health, traffic congestion, unemployment, and crime. Rising
Urban issues in more economically developed countries (MEDCs) include transport congestion, lack of sufficient housing, and inequalities in urban areas. As more people move to cities, congestion increases as roads in city centers are narrow and cannot accommodate the high traffic volumes. Housing demand also grows as populations increase and household sizes shrink, but building new affordable homes in cities is difficult due to high land costs and limited land availability. Some try to escape urban problems through counter-urbanization, moving from cities to rural areas, but sustainable solutions are needed to address issues facing growing cities.
The document discusses slum upgradation in India. It begins by defining slums and their characteristics such as lack of basic services, substandard housing, overcrowding, and insecure tenure. It then discusses the causes and risks of slums. Approaches to tackling slums include punitive actions like eviction, curative actions like upgrading infrastructure and services, and preventive actions like improving access to housing. The government of India has implemented programs like the JnNURM and IHSDP to support slum upgradation through infrastructure improvements and affordable housing. Low-cost construction techniques used include fly ash bricks, concrete blocks, and prefabricated materials. The goal of slum upgradation is to improve living standards
This document discusses various aspects of sustainable cities including definitions, examples of sustainable initiatives, and case studies. It provides an overview of how cities like Adelaide and areas like Werribee Plains in Australia are implementing sustainable practices such as capturing stormwater runoff, recycled water schemes, and transit oriented development. Examples from other countries like cycling infrastructure in the Netherlands are also examined. The document aims to highlight positive changes being adopted around the world to make cities more environmentally friendly.
The document discusses various urban processes that shape urban change, including rural-to-urban migration, natural change, suburbanization, counter-urbanization, and re-urbanization. People migrate to cities for opportunities but urbanization creates problems like congestion and lack of space that drive suburbanization and satellite settlement on the outskirts. As those areas grow, problems reemerge, leading some people to return to inner city brownfield sites redeveloped through re-urbanization. The document uses Bratislava as a case study to analyze these trends.
Urbanization is the increasing concentration of populations in cities and the transformation of land use and society into metropolitan patterns of organization. It occurs for several reasons, including natural population increase and immigration due to push factors in rural areas and pull factors attracting people to cities. Current problems facing many urban areas include traffic and congestion, sewer and water pollution, the growth of slums and shantytowns, and urban sprawl. However, some cities have implemented strategies promoting sustainable development, smart growth, and conservation to address these issues.
This document provides information on types of human settlements from megacities to hamlets. It discusses features of different settlement sizes and their typical populations. Models of urban structure are also summarized, including Burgess, Hoyt, Harris-Ullman, and Mann's models. The advantages and limitations of each model are highlighted. Further topics covered include studentification, ghettoization, counter-urbanization, and inner city decline. Case studies are presented on London Docklands as an example of regeneration.
WEST BENGAL LAND DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING ACT 1948Praveen Mukati
The West Bengal Land Development and Planning Act of 1948 was enacted to provide for the acquisition and development of land for public purposes in West Bengal, such as settling refugees who migrated to the state due to circumstances beyond their control and establishing towns, villages, and agricultural/industrial development. Key aspects of the act included provisions for notifying areas for development, acquiring land for public purposes with landowner consent, and protecting refugees from eviction until alternative accommodation was provided. The act aimed to balance land acquisition and development with protecting displaced populations in the context of the large refugee crisis facing West Bengal after the 1947 partition of India and Pakistan.
Land development refers to altering the landscape in any number of ways like changing landforms from a natural or semi-natural state for a purpose such as housing or subdividingreal estate into lots, typically for the purpose of building homes.
The presentation discusses Japan's land use planning system, which has a hierarchical structure from the national to municipal level. It outlines the process of dividing land into categories like urban, agricultural, and forest areas at each level and establishing development controls for each. The presentation emphasizes the importance of land use planning based on analyzing land resources through maps that classify land suitability for different uses. The overall goal is to place appropriate land uses in appropriate locations.
The document provides an overview of land use planning concepts including general plans, zoning, and entitlement processes. It discusses how general plans establish long-term visions and policies to guide development. Zoning implements general plans by regulating land uses, development standards, and design. Entitlements are the specific approvals needed to develop property, such as conditional use permits, and are guided by zoning designations. The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requires review of potential environmental impacts of projects.
The document discusses India's Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Act. It was notified in 1991 to regulate development activities near coastal areas and protect the coastal environment. The act defines Coastal Regulation Zones and categorizes them based on ecological sensitivity. CRZ-I covers most ecologically sensitive areas where development is heavily restricted. The notification aims to prevent uncontrolled coastal development and provide a legal framework for coastal protection. However, it only regulates a narrow shoreline area and does not consider links between aquatic and land areas. Overall, the act seeks to balance development and environmental conservation in coastal regions.
A master plan or a development plan or a town plan may be
defined as a
general plan for the future layout of a city showing both the existing and
proposed streets or roads, open spaces, public buildings etc. A master
plan is prepared either for improvement of an old city or for a new
town to be developed on a virgin soil. A master plan is a blueprint for the
future. It is an comprehensive document, long-range in its view, that
is intended to guide development in the
township for the next 10 to 20 years.
Land use planning refers to allocating land resources for different uses consistent with development goals. It involves classifying land, determining suitable land uses, and regulating development through tools like zoning maps and land use plans. The objectives are to promote efficient land use, reconcile conflicts, and guide sustainable development patterns. Land use planning organizations at the national, regional, and local levels coordinate to classify land and guide land allocation and conversion nationally and within their jurisdictions.
This document provides an overview of an SDAT project conducted in Indianapolis in October 2009. The project area focused on neighborhoods located northeast of downtown along the Monon Rail-Trail. The neighborhoods were experiencing decay, with vacant lots, abandoned homes, and environmental contamination from brownfield sites. The SDAT team worked with local stakeholders over multiple days to assess issues like planning, economic development, and civic engagement. They developed recommendations to address challenges and create a more sustainable future for the neighborhoods.
Potential Impacts of TOD in the Middle East Neighborhood, Baltimore, MarylandAndrew Giraldi
This document discusses a study analyzing the potential impacts of transit-oriented development (TOD) in the Madison Square neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. The study area contains vacant buildings and lots in an economically depressed and socially distressed area. The development of TOD is recommended to take advantage of existing transit options and nearby employment centers. The plan evaluates redevelopment potential through new housing and mixed-use development within a quarter mile of the Madison Square transit station. The goals are to provide an improved urban environment that conserves resources and promotes equity.
Potential Impacts of TOD in the Middle East Neighborhood, Baltimore, MarylandAndrew Giraldi
This document discusses a study on the potential impacts of transit-oriented development (TOD) in the Middle East neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. It notes that the area currently has vacant buildings and lots and is economically depressed and socially distressed. The document examines reasons for TOD around the Madison Square Station, including existing transit options and nearby employment centers. It recommends validating mobility needs and determining appropriate housing types and amounts as part of the built environment. Maps show the redevelopment potential within a quarter mile of the station, including converting vacant buildings and lots to residential, commercial, and mixed-use lands. The conclusions emphasize providing a great urban transit experience, realizing the area's unrealized potential, conserving resources, and ensuring equity.
Spatial planning are often still differentiating strictly between urban and rural development.
This dichotomy and the resulting administrative boundaries do not reflect the realities of highly interconnected areas anymore.
The sheer magnitude of the urban population, haphazard and unplanned growth of urban areas, and a desperate lack of infrastructure are the main causes of socio economic problems related to metropolitan cities.
Where metropolitan-scale planning does occur, it's typically related to “hard policies” such as urban planning, public transport, and infrastructure, leaving “soft policies” such as education, health, and social services fragmented across jurisdictional boundaries.
The document discusses local economic development (LED) and transit-oriented development (ToD) strategies. It argues that ToD can be used as an LED strategy by creating great places that attract investment, businesses, talent and residents. Specifically, ToD stations located in existing town centers can leverage regional economic forces and accelerate LED by increasing density, variety and access.
The document discusses two integrated area developments in the Bicol Region of the Philippines - ALMASOR and TRIPLE C. ALMASOR covers the provinces of Albay, Masbate, and Sorsogon, and aims to develop tourism through infrastructure projects and governance initiatives. TRIPLE C covers Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur and Catanduanes, and focuses on eco-tourism development and improving access roads and bridges. Both programs have led to increases in tourism and economic growth in the participating provinces since their establishment in 2012-2013. Prior integrated area developments discussed in the document include the Bicol River Basin Development Program from 1975.
The document discusses several concepts related to managing globalization and creating a more sustainable future, including living within ecological means, developing a global conscience, and balancing free trade with fair trade. It notes that countries like the UK and US have very large ecological footprints and consume more than what could be supported globally if everyone had their lifestyle. Taking steps towards fair trade, ethical shopping, and reducing food miles are presented as ways to help offset environmental costs of global trade. Developing a shared global awareness of social and environmental issues through improved communication is also seen as important for managing changes related to globalization.
The document discusses slum upgradation in India. It begins by defining slums and their characteristics such as lack of basic services, substandard housing, overcrowding, and insecure tenure. It then discusses the causes and risks of slums. Approaches to tackling slums include punitive actions like eviction, curative actions like upgrading infrastructure and services, and preventive actions like improving access to housing. The government of India has implemented programs like the JnNURM and IHSDP to support slum upgradation through infrastructure improvements and affordable housing. Low-cost construction techniques used include fly ash bricks, concrete blocks, and prefabricated materials. The goal of slum upgradation is to improve living standards
This document discusses various aspects of sustainable cities including definitions, examples of sustainable initiatives, and case studies. It provides an overview of how cities like Adelaide and areas like Werribee Plains in Australia are implementing sustainable practices such as capturing stormwater runoff, recycled water schemes, and transit oriented development. Examples from other countries like cycling infrastructure in the Netherlands are also examined. The document aims to highlight positive changes being adopted around the world to make cities more environmentally friendly.
The document discusses various urban processes that shape urban change, including rural-to-urban migration, natural change, suburbanization, counter-urbanization, and re-urbanization. People migrate to cities for opportunities but urbanization creates problems like congestion and lack of space that drive suburbanization and satellite settlement on the outskirts. As those areas grow, problems reemerge, leading some people to return to inner city brownfield sites redeveloped through re-urbanization. The document uses Bratislava as a case study to analyze these trends.
Urbanization is the increasing concentration of populations in cities and the transformation of land use and society into metropolitan patterns of organization. It occurs for several reasons, including natural population increase and immigration due to push factors in rural areas and pull factors attracting people to cities. Current problems facing many urban areas include traffic and congestion, sewer and water pollution, the growth of slums and shantytowns, and urban sprawl. However, some cities have implemented strategies promoting sustainable development, smart growth, and conservation to address these issues.
This document provides information on types of human settlements from megacities to hamlets. It discusses features of different settlement sizes and their typical populations. Models of urban structure are also summarized, including Burgess, Hoyt, Harris-Ullman, and Mann's models. The advantages and limitations of each model are highlighted. Further topics covered include studentification, ghettoization, counter-urbanization, and inner city decline. Case studies are presented on London Docklands as an example of regeneration.
WEST BENGAL LAND DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING ACT 1948Praveen Mukati
The West Bengal Land Development and Planning Act of 1948 was enacted to provide for the acquisition and development of land for public purposes in West Bengal, such as settling refugees who migrated to the state due to circumstances beyond their control and establishing towns, villages, and agricultural/industrial development. Key aspects of the act included provisions for notifying areas for development, acquiring land for public purposes with landowner consent, and protecting refugees from eviction until alternative accommodation was provided. The act aimed to balance land acquisition and development with protecting displaced populations in the context of the large refugee crisis facing West Bengal after the 1947 partition of India and Pakistan.
Land development refers to altering the landscape in any number of ways like changing landforms from a natural or semi-natural state for a purpose such as housing or subdividingreal estate into lots, typically for the purpose of building homes.
The presentation discusses Japan's land use planning system, which has a hierarchical structure from the national to municipal level. It outlines the process of dividing land into categories like urban, agricultural, and forest areas at each level and establishing development controls for each. The presentation emphasizes the importance of land use planning based on analyzing land resources through maps that classify land suitability for different uses. The overall goal is to place appropriate land uses in appropriate locations.
The document provides an overview of land use planning concepts including general plans, zoning, and entitlement processes. It discusses how general plans establish long-term visions and policies to guide development. Zoning implements general plans by regulating land uses, development standards, and design. Entitlements are the specific approvals needed to develop property, such as conditional use permits, and are guided by zoning designations. The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requires review of potential environmental impacts of projects.
The document discusses India's Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Act. It was notified in 1991 to regulate development activities near coastal areas and protect the coastal environment. The act defines Coastal Regulation Zones and categorizes them based on ecological sensitivity. CRZ-I covers most ecologically sensitive areas where development is heavily restricted. The notification aims to prevent uncontrolled coastal development and provide a legal framework for coastal protection. However, it only regulates a narrow shoreline area and does not consider links between aquatic and land areas. Overall, the act seeks to balance development and environmental conservation in coastal regions.
A master plan or a development plan or a town plan may be
defined as a
general plan for the future layout of a city showing both the existing and
proposed streets or roads, open spaces, public buildings etc. A master
plan is prepared either for improvement of an old city or for a new
town to be developed on a virgin soil. A master plan is a blueprint for the
future. It is an comprehensive document, long-range in its view, that
is intended to guide development in the
township for the next 10 to 20 years.
Land use planning refers to allocating land resources for different uses consistent with development goals. It involves classifying land, determining suitable land uses, and regulating development through tools like zoning maps and land use plans. The objectives are to promote efficient land use, reconcile conflicts, and guide sustainable development patterns. Land use planning organizations at the national, regional, and local levels coordinate to classify land and guide land allocation and conversion nationally and within their jurisdictions.
This document provides an overview of an SDAT project conducted in Indianapolis in October 2009. The project area focused on neighborhoods located northeast of downtown along the Monon Rail-Trail. The neighborhoods were experiencing decay, with vacant lots, abandoned homes, and environmental contamination from brownfield sites. The SDAT team worked with local stakeholders over multiple days to assess issues like planning, economic development, and civic engagement. They developed recommendations to address challenges and create a more sustainable future for the neighborhoods.
Potential Impacts of TOD in the Middle East Neighborhood, Baltimore, MarylandAndrew Giraldi
This document discusses a study analyzing the potential impacts of transit-oriented development (TOD) in the Madison Square neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. The study area contains vacant buildings and lots in an economically depressed and socially distressed area. The development of TOD is recommended to take advantage of existing transit options and nearby employment centers. The plan evaluates redevelopment potential through new housing and mixed-use development within a quarter mile of the Madison Square transit station. The goals are to provide an improved urban environment that conserves resources and promotes equity.
Potential Impacts of TOD in the Middle East Neighborhood, Baltimore, MarylandAndrew Giraldi
This document discusses a study on the potential impacts of transit-oriented development (TOD) in the Middle East neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. It notes that the area currently has vacant buildings and lots and is economically depressed and socially distressed. The document examines reasons for TOD around the Madison Square Station, including existing transit options and nearby employment centers. It recommends validating mobility needs and determining appropriate housing types and amounts as part of the built environment. Maps show the redevelopment potential within a quarter mile of the station, including converting vacant buildings and lots to residential, commercial, and mixed-use lands. The conclusions emphasize providing a great urban transit experience, realizing the area's unrealized potential, conserving resources, and ensuring equity.
Spatial planning are often still differentiating strictly between urban and rural development.
This dichotomy and the resulting administrative boundaries do not reflect the realities of highly interconnected areas anymore.
The sheer magnitude of the urban population, haphazard and unplanned growth of urban areas, and a desperate lack of infrastructure are the main causes of socio economic problems related to metropolitan cities.
Where metropolitan-scale planning does occur, it's typically related to “hard policies” such as urban planning, public transport, and infrastructure, leaving “soft policies” such as education, health, and social services fragmented across jurisdictional boundaries.
The document discusses local economic development (LED) and transit-oriented development (ToD) strategies. It argues that ToD can be used as an LED strategy by creating great places that attract investment, businesses, talent and residents. Specifically, ToD stations located in existing town centers can leverage regional economic forces and accelerate LED by increasing density, variety and access.
The document discusses two integrated area developments in the Bicol Region of the Philippines - ALMASOR and TRIPLE C. ALMASOR covers the provinces of Albay, Masbate, and Sorsogon, and aims to develop tourism through infrastructure projects and governance initiatives. TRIPLE C covers Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur and Catanduanes, and focuses on eco-tourism development and improving access roads and bridges. Both programs have led to increases in tourism and economic growth in the participating provinces since their establishment in 2012-2013. Prior integrated area developments discussed in the document include the Bicol River Basin Development Program from 1975.
The document discusses several concepts related to managing globalization and creating a more sustainable future, including living within ecological means, developing a global conscience, and balancing free trade with fair trade. It notes that countries like the UK and US have very large ecological footprints and consume more than what could be supported globally if everyone had their lifestyle. Taking steps towards fair trade, ethical shopping, and reducing food miles are presented as ways to help offset environmental costs of global trade. Developing a shared global awareness of social and environmental issues through improved communication is also seen as important for managing changes related to globalization.
Appreciation of an Urban Neighbourhood at Dehradun UttarakahndAnoushka Tyagi
This document summarizes a study of an urban neighborhood in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. The neighborhood was selected due to its mixed land use and role as a witness to the city's historical development. A land use analysis found commercial, residential, public, and recreational areas. Issues included lack of green space, traffic, and waste. Urban development policies like JNNURM, PMAY, and Smart Cities have helped but more decentralization is needed. Remedial measures proposed include green spaces, historic preservation, and sustainable development.
This document discusses governance and public participation in Provincetown. It notes that the traditional Town Meeting process is seen as dysfunctional, inefficient, and unpredictable. It recommends reforming the process to be more efficient, collaborative, and informed through facilitated dialogues, community visioning, and establishing a civic organization to guide reform and community projects. The goal is a process that builds common understanding and reinforces community values rather than emphasizing differences. An example from Oregon uses a community information model to engage the public on the front end of decision-making.
IRJET-About Urban Sprawl: A Case Study of Ahmedabad CityIRJET Journal
This document discusses urban sprawl in Ahmedabad City, India. It defines urban sprawl as excessive metropolitan decentralization or suburbanization that results in low density settlements and a decentralized pattern of growth. The document examines urban sprawl in Chandkheda and Kathwada neighborhoods on the edge of Ahmedabad City. Both areas are experiencing population growth and loss of agricultural land to housing and industry. This uncontrolled growth leads to issues like increased traffic, air and water pollution, and stress on resources. Solutions discussed include smart growth practices like mixed use development and improved transit to reduce sprawl's negative environmental impacts.
GLOBAL VIEW OF A VIBRANT WORLD 360° THE ISSUE Urbanisation FACE TO FACEAdhitya Arjanggi
AN URBAN PLANET:The sustainable city challenge
CITY LIVING: Creating vibrant sustainable cities SECURING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SOME FOR ALL FOREVER:Water resource management on an urban planet
TRANSFORMING TRANSPORT: The 21st century urban challenge
URBAN ENERGIES RESOURCES DEMAND AND COMMUNITY IMPACTS A 360° face to face interview BUILDING A LEGACY Creating an agile global culture of inventiveness, safety and sustainability
NEW SKILLS MAKE THE SUSTAINABLE DIFFERENCE INSPIRATIONAL ENGINEERING CAPTURING THE VISION
The document discusses various models of urban land use and patterns of urban growth. It describes the stages of urbanization, from very slow growth to periods of rapid urban growth and suburbanization. Issues caused by rapid urban growth in LEDCs are also examined, such as insufficient housing and strain on services. Examples provided discuss efforts to improve quality of life in LEDC cities through better transportation, housing, and waste management.
Rapid urbanization is occurring in many large cities in developing countries. Rio de Janeiro exemplifies this as people migrate from rural areas for opportunities in the city. This has led to major impacts in Rio including population growth, the rise of favelas with inadequate housing and services, unemployment, and increased social problems. Solutions proposed to address these issues include low-cost housing development, upgrading existing settlements, and rural development to reduce migration pressures on cities.
This document provides an overview of urban economics, urbanization, and urban renewal/redevelopment. It discusses:
- The definition and scope of urban land economics and how it analyzes urban problems.
- The factors that influence the formation and growth of cities, including economic factors like agglomeration benefits that reinforce urbanization.
- The nature and forms of urbanization, including definitions, theories of urban growth, and policies around town expansion.
- The advantages and disadvantages of urbanization for economic activity and individuals.
- Issues around urban renewal, redevelopment, and maintaining quality in the urban environment as cities expand and change over time.
The document presents a case study of Toledo, Ohio's urban planning vision to retain population and attract new residents through improvements to the city. It discusses Toledo's history as a manufacturing hub that has since declined. The city created a plan called "Toledo 20/20" to address issues raised by citizens. The case study argues that the most important improvements are: 1) effective land use zoning to create connected, walkable neighborhoods and downtown; 2) providing primary and non-primary jobs to stimulate the local economy; and 3) developing attractive housing while avoiding overuse of infill that reduces community feel. These improvements aim to enhance livability and revitalize Toledo using traditional neighborhood design principles.
This document discusses environmental considerations for urban road safety programs in Indonesia. It covers sustainability, defining sustainable urban environments, site-specific environmental issues like water, vegetation and air quality, and broader planning issues. Next steps proposed include establishing baseline environmental data, surveying users, and ongoing monitoring to improve sustainability over time through strategies addressing issues like stormwater management, urban forestry, and increasing non-motorized transportation. The goal is to improve both the urban environment and road safety through long-term planning that engages communities and decision-makers.
This Power Point, prepared for the Aspen Institute Roundtable and Funders' Exchange on Community Change, Poverty Reduction and Prosperity Promotion, presents a new framework for thinking about neighborhood change, as well as a new set of findings from the Dynamic Neighborhood Taxonomy project.
The document summarizes CityCraft's initial assessment and analysis work for the city of Reading, Pennsylvania to develop a long-term revitalization strategy. CityCraft conducted sessions with representatives from various sectors to identify the network needed to implement the strategy. For many years, Reading struggled economically and socially, with high poverty rates. Recent revitalization attempts proved unsuccessful. The mayor outlined a vision and goals to address issues like education, jobs, and investment. CityCraft provided recommendations to support revitalizing the downtown area and facilitating cross-sector discussions around financing long-term local development.
Similar to Workshop on Coastal and River zone management and regulations (20)
This is a presentation I made in 2016 when Jawhar Ecology Centre was conceptualized. Funding support in 2021 from Nisarg Foundation has enabled the project to take off.
Please do get in touch for latest updates and funding support since this presentation shares information from 2016.
Achieving Swachh Bharat through better governed Municipal CorporationsRishi Aggarwal
This document discusses better governance of municipal corporations in India to achieve the Swachh Bharat mission of clean cities and proper solid waste management. It notes that India will soon have 68 million people living in cities that generate high volumes of waste daily, with many dumps that are unscientific. The solid waste management rules from 2000 and 2015 are not fully implemented. Municipal corporations must enforce waste reduction, segregation and create partnerships with businesses to contribute to the mission following transparent governance. Performance should be measured and technical assistance replaced with demands for results from urban departments and corporations.
This is the presentation I made at the 10th Annual Conference organised by the Paryavaran Dakshata Mandal at the Convocation Hall, University of Mumbai
Mumbai Coast Road - Points made at Public HearingRishi Aggarwal
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Presentation to MCGM regarding Mumbai Development Plan 2014-34 - SWMRishi Aggarwal
This document summarizes a stakeholder workshop on solid waste management for Mumbai's Development Plan from 2014-2034. The workshop critiqued the preparatory studies document, noting that many figures were not referenced and data assumptions need discussion. It was also noted that waste reduction at source was not mentioned and recommendations from a previous vision document were not included. Suggestions included providing ward-level waste generation data and allocating space in each planning sector for decentralized waste management. Decentralized facilities were proposed as an alternative to reduce land and transportation requirements.
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Rishi Aggarwal presented on the multi-dimensional challenges of managing waste in Mumbai. Over 6,500 tons of waste is generated daily in Mumbai, which is dealt with at two operational dumping grounds, though one is facing litigation from environmental NGOs. Waste management in Mumbai involves considerations around land, business opportunities, ecology, citizen involvement, and transparent use of public funds. The presentation highlighted disappointingly poor performance of past public-private partnerships for waste management. There is a need for integrity among elected officials, appropriate use of public money, citizen education, and encouraging entrepreneurship to realize value from material recovery in waste management.
Comments on TOD policy in Mumbai Development Plan 2014Rishi Aggarwal
This document summarizes a presentation made at a stakeholder workshop on land use and transport integration for the Mumbai Development Plan 2014-2034. The presentation focuses on commenting on the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) section of the plan's preparatory studies from a regulatory, guidelines, and institutional setup perspective. It notes that true TOD cannot happen without close cooperation between various stakeholders and community participation. It critiques the preparatory studies for not outlining measures for mandatory community involvement or providing an framework for inter-departmental cooperation within the city government. The presentation argues for greater specificity and action plans to actually implement TOD principles on the ground to improve quality of life.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
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A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
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In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Workshop on Coastal and River zone management and regulations
1. International Workshop on Coastal and River
Zone Management:
Regulations and Development
Perspectives from Mumbai
Rishi Aggarwal
January 10-11th, 2013
IIT-Bombay
Organised by NEERI and IITB
2. How would things happen if the 74th amendment
was being implemented in spirit?
• Center would give guidelines
• State would incorporate specific points of interest from State context
• City or town Mayor final level of development of coastal, estuary or river
zone development rules, balancing local interests, requirements and
concerns, while incorporating the concerns in the Center and State
guidelines.
• All stakeholders would have been working together in some measure in
spite of differences.
3. How it happens in Mumbai
• Most people have no idea of who is finally taking a call and
influencing the decision.
• Economic interests, think (or are mislead) that environmentalists are
all powerful and stalling development.
• Environmentalists rue not having a seat on the table, gross neglect of
environmental interests from government and colluding with
economic interests.
4. Aspects of coastal ecology needing appreciation
• Role in providing a livable habitat, with moderation in temperature
being a key aspect. Hence preferred urban destinations.
• Comparable to fertile agricultural lands in terms of food output.
• Ports and trade. Provides employment opportunities.
• Disaster management role
5. Compare this
We pay avg. 4-5 lacs We pay nothing to get
to get CO2, SO2, fresh oxygen and air
6. CRZ II – The bane and bone of contention in
Mumbai
• CRZ II and the arbitrariness in its use has created enormous heartburn
in Mumbai.
• Dominant view that rich and influential will get away while the poor
and those who cannot ‘pay up’ will suffer.
7.
8. Site indicated in red
shade triangle
‘apparently’ stuck due
to lack of CRZ clearance,
while slums and a slum
redevelopment takes
place right next to
creek.
Andheri(W), Juhu
Versova Road
9.
10.
11. Building at site indicated
by shorter red line in
previous slide
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14. Are environmentalists stalling development?
• Or are they taking a long term view over a short term view?
• Or are they bringing out aspects which will damage the economy, being
suppressed by those ‘pro-development’?
• Opposing activities, which will yield short term high profits and possible
losses in long term loss.
• Opposing activities which cause economic gain for very few but loss
through negative externalities, which have to be borne by large number of
public.
15. Most important…
• CRZ cannot be looked at in isolation of policies in other sectors like
housing, transport and solid waste management.
• It is a web and only a holistic sense of planning with a lot of integrity
and commitment to the city and citizens can help avoid the conflicts
and deadlock we face.
• Some case studies follow on SWM, Housing and Transport
16. Solid Waste –Biggest threat to coast ecology in
Mumbai
• End of the pipe solution preferred going against all established wisdom
AND policy.
• MSW 2000 Rules and subsequent legislations clearly mandate support to
segregation at source and reduced transport to garbage dumps.
• Yet the sole focus of MCGM in past decade has been on pick and dump.
• Almost zero encouragement to entrepreneurs interested in decentralized
waste management.
17. Kanjur dumping ground case study
• MCGM submitted affidavit in Bombay HC 2005/06, informing that the
site is free of CRZ(tidal) influence and free of habitation in the vicinity.
This is a lie.
• Even today in 2013 the site sees heavy influx of tidal waters during
high tide.
• Supposed to be a sanitary landfill. Past six months leachate being
released outside boundary wall into the estuary.
29. Transport
• Coast Road has been the latest coastal concern for Mumbai
• Being proposed by CM as the solution to our traffic congestion
problems.
• Transport analysts and activists continuously protesting that the city
has to improve public transport and retrain private cars. Still
investment only in car centric infrastructure like coast road.
45. Mumbai context
• No instance in last decade of ALL stakeholders spending time
together to understand each others viewpoints and evolving a well
thought out local plan
• Ready availability of resources for activities like mapping and planting
mangroves (almost useless activity), but no resources for protection
and prosecution units for protecting existing mangroves.
• First responders to threats to coastal ecology invariably activists.
What can be called Rooftop Network.
46. Mumbai context
• Elected representatives, the mainstay of a democracy looked upon
with great suspicion by civil society. Substantial interaction only with
officials.
• No clear demarcation of HTL
• CRZ more a tool of extortion than conservation?
• Very important to have detailed interaction about CRZ, 2011 and its
significance for Mumbai.