Wool comes from sheep and other animals like goats and rabbits. There are different types of wool like mohair, cashmere, and alpaca. Wool is produced through rearing sheep on farms, shearing them annually, processing the fleece through scouring, carding, combing and spinning into yarn. Wool yarn can be woolen or worsted depending on the processing method. Wool is then dyed and woven into fabrics that are used to make clothing, blankets, carpets and other products.

1. WOOLEN
GARMENTS

3. What is wool
Its sources
Its types
Rearing
processing
Weaving and End Product

4. Wool is the textile fiber obtained
from sheep and certain other animals,
including cashmere from goats, mohair f
rom goats angora from rabbits

5. Sources of WOOL
• Wool comes from sheep, goat, yak, camel
and some other animals. These wool-
yielding animals bear hair on their body.

7. Wool name Animal Region Characteristics Length Cross-
section
uses
Mohair Angora
goat
India
U.S.A.,
South
Africa,
Turkey
Long length, softness,
Springy nature,
excellent luster, very
little ability to felt
4-10
inches
25-55µ vast
variety of
textiles
Cashmere Tibetan
goat
India
Tibet
Downy handle, fluffy
nature, brown or
grayish white colour
1.5 – 3
inches
15 µ shawls
Alpaca Peruvian
goat or
llama
India
Peru,
Bolivia
Brown, gray or black in
colour
10 inch 10– 35 µ lining or
men’s
wear

8. Production of Wool
 Australia: 25%
 China: 18%
 New Zealand: 11%
 Argentina: 3%
 Turkey: 2%
 Iran: 2%
 United Kingdom: 2%
 India: 2%
 Sudan: 2%
 South Africa: 1%
 United States: 0.77%

9. REARING
 Rearing means
to look after the
sheep by
providing
shelter ,food and
health care.
 The person who
look after the
sheep is called a
Shepherd.

11. The fleece of sheep along
with a thin layer of skin is
peeled from the body using
large razor or with
electrically-driven shearing
machine

12.  A Sheep is Sheared once a Year
 Shearing is done by hand or
Mechanically
 The fleece recovered from a sheep
can weigh between 6 and 18 pounds
(2.7 and 8.1 kilograms)

13. Grading and Sorting
 In sorting, the wool is broken up into
sections of different quality fibers, from
different parts of the body
 The best quality of wool comes from the
shoulders and sides of the sheep and is used
for clothing
 Lesser quality comes from the lower legs and
is used to make rugs/carpets

14. Wool scouring is the
process of washing wool
in hot water and
detergent to remove the
non-wool contaminants

15.  “Grease wool" contains sand, dirt, grease, and dried
sweat
 Weight of contaminants accounts for about 30 to 70
percent of total Fleece
 The wool is scoured in a series of alkaline baths
containing water, soap, and soda ash or a similar
acids.
 The byproducts from this process (such as (lanolin)
are saved and used in a
variety of household products
 Rollers in the scouring machines squeeze excess
water from the fleece

16. Carding
 The fibers are passed through a series of
metal teeth that straighten and blend them
into slivers
 Carding also removes residual dirt and other
matter left in the fibers
 Carded wool intended for worsted yarn is put
through Gilling and combing, Two
procedures that remove short fibers and
place the longer fibers parallel to each other
 Carded wool to be used for woolen yarn is
sent directly for spinning.

17. Combing is
straightening
and stretching
the fibers to
obtain maximum
spinning
capacity.

18. spinning is a process of
making or converting
fiber materials into
yarns

19. Dyeing is the process of
adding color to textile
products like fibers, yarns,
and fabrics

20. Woolen and Worsted Yarn
 woollen is a type of yarn directly made
from carded wool. Woolen yarn is soft, light,
stretchy, and full of air
 Worsted is a fine yarn made after Gilling and
Combing and considered as high quality yarn

21. Differences
Woolen Yarn Worsred Yarn
Spun from short wool fibers
(1-3 inches long)
Spun from long wool fibers
(more than 3")
Fibers are washed, scoured and
carded
Fibers are washed, scoured, carded,
combed and drawn
Low twist Tighter twist
Bulky, uneven yarn Fine, smooth yarn
Heavier weight Lighter weight
Does not hold crease well Holds crease well

23.  In addition to clothing, wool has been used for blankets,
horse rugs, carpeting, felt, wool insulation
 it is used to absorb odors and noise in heavy machinery and
stereo speakers
 As an animal protein, it can be used as a soil fertilizer, being
a slow-release source of nitrogen.
 Wool felted and treated with lanolin is water resistant, air
permeable, and slightly antibacterial

24. •Wool is comparatively stronger than steel.
•Wool is fire resistant
•Wool can absorb up to 30% of its weight in
moisture

26. Efforts by
Rana Ali Haider
Saqib Aftab