The document provides notes on proposed amendments to the Revised Rules on Evidence in the Philippines. Key amendments include:
- In Rule 128, evidence may now be excluded by the Constitution in addition to the law or rules.
- In Rule 129, judicial notice can now be taken of official acts of the National Government, and the court may announce intent to take judicial notice during pre-trial in addition to trial.
- In Rule 130, the definition of documentary evidence was expanded to include recordings, photographs, sounds and their equivalents. The original document rule now applies to writings, recordings, photographs and other records in addition to documents. Exceptions were also added when the original cannot be obtained through judicial processes or is
Electronic or Digital evidence in India Courts
ip address as evidence
cdr address as evidence
electronic evidence under indian evidence act
electronic record in india
Whether legal jurisdiction is able to check cyber-crime where there are no territorial borders and even where the criminal does not have any physical presence in the forum
The document discusses cybercrime and computer misuse cases in Mauritius and African regions. It profiles several Mauritian cybercriminals who engaged in hacking, sabotage, and unauthorized computer access. Cases of computer misuse in Mauritius include phishing schemes and international call diversion. Common cybercrimes in Nigeria, South Africa, and Ghana are also examined, along with relevant legislation in African countries. The challenges of fighting cybercrime in Mauritius are discussed, along with the roles of the Cyber Crime Unit and CERT-MU.
This document provides an introduction to mobile computing. It defines mobile computing as using a computer while on the move, involving mobility, computing, and network connectivity. The key aspects of mobile computing are discussed, including mobile communication infrastructure, software, hardware, and devices. Common network types that enable mobile computing like WLAN, MAN, WAN, and wireless networks are also summarized. The relationship between mobile computing and wireless networking is described, with wireless networking providing the basic communication capabilities. Examples of mobile computing applications are given for various fields.
Presentation made by Dr Tabrez Ahmad in Biju Pattanaik State Police Academy Bhubaneswar. To train DSP,s on Cyber Crime Investigation and Cyber Forensics.
Learning Objectives:
1. Understand how this unique, emergent form of evidence can be used for criminal investigations and civil litigation e-discovery.
2. Discover the DoJ memo to law enforcement uncovered by FOIA stressing why and how to use social media in criminal cases.
3. See social media evidence recovered from smart phones, personal computers, and the cloud.
4. Learn the ethics of social media evidence collection including what you can and cannot do, if you want to keep your license that is.
Mobile Phone Basics, Inside Mobile Devices, Digital Networks, Mobile Phone Seizure, Mobile Phone Examination, Mobile Forensics Equipment, Cell Seizure Tool, SIMIS, XRY,
The document provides notes on proposed amendments to the Revised Rules on Evidence in the Philippines. Key amendments include:
- In Rule 128, evidence may now be excluded by the Constitution in addition to the law or rules.
- In Rule 129, judicial notice can now be taken of official acts of the National Government, and the court may announce intent to take judicial notice during pre-trial in addition to trial.
- In Rule 130, the definition of documentary evidence was expanded to include recordings, photographs, sounds and their equivalents. The original document rule now applies to writings, recordings, photographs and other records in addition to documents. Exceptions were also added when the original cannot be obtained through judicial processes or is
Electronic or Digital evidence in India Courts
ip address as evidence
cdr address as evidence
electronic evidence under indian evidence act
electronic record in india
Whether legal jurisdiction is able to check cyber-crime where there are no territorial borders and even where the criminal does not have any physical presence in the forum
The document discusses cybercrime and computer misuse cases in Mauritius and African regions. It profiles several Mauritian cybercriminals who engaged in hacking, sabotage, and unauthorized computer access. Cases of computer misuse in Mauritius include phishing schemes and international call diversion. Common cybercrimes in Nigeria, South Africa, and Ghana are also examined, along with relevant legislation in African countries. The challenges of fighting cybercrime in Mauritius are discussed, along with the roles of the Cyber Crime Unit and CERT-MU.
This document provides an introduction to mobile computing. It defines mobile computing as using a computer while on the move, involving mobility, computing, and network connectivity. The key aspects of mobile computing are discussed, including mobile communication infrastructure, software, hardware, and devices. Common network types that enable mobile computing like WLAN, MAN, WAN, and wireless networks are also summarized. The relationship between mobile computing and wireless networking is described, with wireless networking providing the basic communication capabilities. Examples of mobile computing applications are given for various fields.
Presentation made by Dr Tabrez Ahmad in Biju Pattanaik State Police Academy Bhubaneswar. To train DSP,s on Cyber Crime Investigation and Cyber Forensics.
Learning Objectives:
1. Understand how this unique, emergent form of evidence can be used for criminal investigations and civil litigation e-discovery.
2. Discover the DoJ memo to law enforcement uncovered by FOIA stressing why and how to use social media in criminal cases.
3. See social media evidence recovered from smart phones, personal computers, and the cloud.
4. Learn the ethics of social media evidence collection including what you can and cannot do, if you want to keep your license that is.
Mobile Phone Basics, Inside Mobile Devices, Digital Networks, Mobile Phone Seizure, Mobile Phone Examination, Mobile Forensics Equipment, Cell Seizure Tool, SIMIS, XRY,
The document discusses digital forensics, including what it is, types of computer crimes, tools used like FTK and Encase, procedures that must be followed, and examples of cases like Enron and United States vs Ivanov. Digital forensics involves recovering and investigating digital evidence from devices and can be used to find deleted data, track locations, and discover information through tools like forensic software. Proper seizure and collection of evidence must adhere to legal standards like using a write blocker.
This document is the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 from the Philippines. It defines cybercrime and establishes punishments for illegal computer access, data interference, system interference, misuse of devices, cyber-squatting, computer-related forgery, fraud and identity theft, cybersex, child pornography, unsolicited commercial communications, and libel committed through computer systems. It assigns the National Bureau of Investigation and Philippine National Police to enforce cybercrime laws and authorizes them to collect traffic data in real-time related to communications with a warrant. Corporations can also face liability and fines if cybercrimes are committed on their behalf.
VoIP allows users to make phone calls using an Internet connection instead of a traditional phone line. It works by converting voice signals to digital data that is transmitted in packets over the Internet. A VoIP network uses protocols like SIP and RTP to setup calls and transmit voice data. Components include VoIP protocols, gateways to interface with the PSTN, and codecs to compress voice signals. Businesses are attracted to VoIP as it can help reduce costs while improving utilization of bandwidth and network management. However, security risks like hacking and eavesdropping exist since VoIP uses the public Internet.
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER FORENSICS
Introduction to Traditional Computer Crime, Traditional problems associated with Computer Crime. Introduction to Identity Theft & Identity Fraud. Types of CF techniques – Incident and incident response methodology – Forensic duplication and investigation. Preparation for IR: Creating response tool kit and IR team. – Forensics Technology and Systems – Understanding Computer Investigation – Data Acquisition.
This document is the October 2013 issue of the magazine "eForensics" which focuses on mobile device forensics related to iOS, Android, and Windows Mobile phones. The issue includes several articles about best practices for collecting and analyzing data from iOS and Android devices, understanding security risks related to Android apps, NFC security and data leaks, digital forensic techniques for Windows phones, Apple's Touch ID fingerprint authentication, and the role of mobile phone forensics in solving traditional crimes.
Network forensics involves collecting and analyzing network data and traffic to determine how attacks occur. It is important to establish standard forensic procedures and know normal network traffic patterns to detect variations. Tools like packet analyzers, Sysinternals, and honeypots can help monitor traffic and identify intrusions. The Honeynet Project aims to increase security awareness by observing new attacker techniques.
Historical genesis and evolution of cyber crimes newDr. Arun Verma
Cyber crimes have evolved significantly since the first recorded cyber crime in 1820. Early cyber crimes were typically committed by individuals and involved sabotage of new technologies or stealing long distance phone services. As computers and the internet became more advanced and widely used through the late 20th century, cyber crimes grew to include hacking, computer viruses, identity theft, and financial crimes. Law enforcement struggled to keep up with the evolving nature of cyber crimes until new laws and agencies were established to address these new threats. Cyber crimes now encompass a wide range of illegal online activities targeting individuals, businesses, and governments.
Intrusion detection systems collect information from systems and networks to analyze for signs of intrusion. Digital evidence encompasses any digital data that can establish a crime or link a crime to a victim or perpetrator. It is important to properly collect, preserve, and identify digital evidence using forensically-sound procedures to avoid altering or destroying the original evidence. This involves creating bit-stream copies of storage devices, documenting the collection and examination process, and verifying the integrity of evidence.
This document is a research project submitted by Ronak Karanpuria to Prof. S.B.N. Prakash at the National Law School of India University in Bangalore for the subject of E-commerce & IT law in trimester IV of 2013-14. The research project examines the topic of "Electronic Evidence" and addresses its relevance, authenticity, and admissibility in court procedures in the context of the modern digital environment. The document includes sections on the types of electronic evidence, assessing electronic evidence, techno-legal prerequisites for electronic evidence, and the admissibility of electronic evidence. It also briefly discusses cloud computing.
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT), Communications Intelligence (COMINT)Training C...Bryan Len
Duration : 3 days
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) Training Bootcamp is a 3-day training course, covering all angles of Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) including Communications Intelligence (COMINT), Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) and Foreign Instrumentation Signals Intelligence (FISINT).
Advanced Network Characterization (ANC), Digital Land Mobile Communication (DLMC), 4G/5G, WiFi, IoT, SATCOM, Radar, UHV/VHF/H, microwave, mmWave and optical signals using the most recent innovations and approaches in the SIGINT field are talked about.
Members will find out about SIGINT and apparatuses to gather SIGINT from different sources, including outside correspondences, satellite/space, business correspondence frameworks, versatile systems, radar and other electronic and correspondence frameworks.
The teachers will give you what to gather, and how to process, examine, produce, and disperse Signals Intelligence data and information for intelligence and counterintelligence purposes.
Learning Objectives :
In the wake of finishing the SIGINT training bootcamp, the members will:
Talk about the fundamental and propelled SIGINT standards.
Talk about systems for defending SIGINT draws near.
Characterize the jobs and duties that help SIGINT situations.
Lead hole investigation between SIGINT pattern and best practices.
Get acquainted with RF hypothesis.
Clarify standards behind Software Defined Radio (SDR) and more.
Who Should Attend :
SIGINT training course is designed for :
Hardware and software engineers
Analysts, scientists
Project managers
Military intelligence professionals
And anyone else who wants to learn about the SIGINT.
Course Agenda and Topics:
SIGINT 101
Elements of SIGINT
The Fundamentals of Signal Analysis
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) Technical Principles
SIGINT Operational Planning
Principles of Collection
Principles of Electronic Intelligence
Advanced Electronic Intelligence
Workshops and Case Studies
Request more information regarding signals intelligence, SIGINT. Visit tonex.com for course and workshop detail.
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) Training Course
https://www.tonex.com/training-courses/signals-intelligence-training-sigint-training-course/
This document provides an overview of criminal investigation and identification. It discusses the goals of criminal investigation as identifying, locating, and providing evidence of guilt of the offender. The primary job of an investigator is to determine what offense was committed by answering who, what, when, where, why, and how. Identification of criminals can occur through confession, eyewitness testimony, circumstantial evidence, associative evidence, or modus operandi. Gathering evidence and using tools like interviews, interrogation, and instrumentation are also discussed.
Cyber pornograpghy (with special reference to child pornography)gunpreet kamboj
containing all provisions of Indian Penal Code & IT act 2000 related to pornography & child pornography. Prepared by Gunpreet kaur kamboj, law student of GNDU (asr) . if u like it then please like it or comment it...as i did alot of hardwork
This document provides an overview of wireless networks like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. It discusses the "Father of Wi-Fi" Vic Hayes and how Wi-Fi networks work using wireless access points. The document outlines different Wi-Fi technologies like 802.11b, 802.11a, 802.11g and the latest 802.11ac standard. It also covers the basic elements of a Wi-Fi network including access points, Wi-Fi cards, and security measures. The advantages of Wi-Fi networks like mobility and convenience are highlighted as well as some limitations.
The document summarizes Republic Act 4200, also known as the Anti-Wiretapping Act. The law prohibits wiretapping and other violations of communication privacy, except when authorized by a court order for specific serious crimes. It establishes restrictions on possessing or sharing illegally obtained recordings and excludes such recordings as evidence. The law was enacted in 1965 to protect privacy rights in the Philippine constitution and stop government spying. An example of its application is the "Hello Garci" wiretapping scandal involving President Arroyo.
This document provides an overview of fundamentals of criminal investigation. It discusses characteristics of successful investigators including being objective, adjustable, and diplomatic. It outlines the basic types of investigations and steps in preliminary and follow-up investigations. It also covers interview and interrogation techniques, types of interviews, obtaining and recording information, and the difference between information and evidence in criminal cases.
This document outlines crimes that can be committed by public officers according to the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines. It defines who is considered a public officer and discusses various offenses like bribery, malversation of public funds, failure to properly manage documents or accounts, and abandonment of office duties. Penalties are prescribed for acts like illegally using public money, refusing to follow orders, or revealing private secrets learned through one's role as a civil servant. The key goal is to uphold integrity and accountability in government positions.
Information Gathering in Intelligence AgenciesNora A. Rahim
Information gathering and sharing between agencies is critical for preventing threats like terrorism, yet involvement of classified information makes studying the relationship between information science and intelligence work difficult. The document discusses the differences between information and intelligence, the intelligence cycle of collecting, analyzing and using information to produce finished intelligence for policymakers, and various types of intelligence including current, estimative, warning, research, and scientific/technical intelligence. It concludes by recommending better information retrieval and an understanding of information science to provide timely intelligence while reducing pressure on analysts.
This document discusses the nature of computer-based electronic evidence and the devices and considerations involved in digital investigation. It covers topics such as latent evidence stored on computers, fragility of electronic evidence, devices that may contain evidence like computers, networks, and other digital devices. It also summarizes laws and guidelines related to digital investigation in the UK.
This document discusses image forgery, including its history and types. It provides examples of image editing software like Photoshop and GIMP that enable forgery. There are three main types of forgery: image retouching, image splicing, and copy-move attacks. Detection methods include error level analysis, copy/move detection, and inconsistent image quality analysis. The document also provides tips for protecting images online through copyright, sizing, slicing, and mouseover effects.
The companion PowerPoint for Chapter Nine (External Systems) for the book Police Technology. Currently used in over 100 colleges and universities; and, by police agencies around the globe
The document discusses digital forensics, including what it is, types of computer crimes, tools used like FTK and Encase, procedures that must be followed, and examples of cases like Enron and United States vs Ivanov. Digital forensics involves recovering and investigating digital evidence from devices and can be used to find deleted data, track locations, and discover information through tools like forensic software. Proper seizure and collection of evidence must adhere to legal standards like using a write blocker.
This document is the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 from the Philippines. It defines cybercrime and establishes punishments for illegal computer access, data interference, system interference, misuse of devices, cyber-squatting, computer-related forgery, fraud and identity theft, cybersex, child pornography, unsolicited commercial communications, and libel committed through computer systems. It assigns the National Bureau of Investigation and Philippine National Police to enforce cybercrime laws and authorizes them to collect traffic data in real-time related to communications with a warrant. Corporations can also face liability and fines if cybercrimes are committed on their behalf.
VoIP allows users to make phone calls using an Internet connection instead of a traditional phone line. It works by converting voice signals to digital data that is transmitted in packets over the Internet. A VoIP network uses protocols like SIP and RTP to setup calls and transmit voice data. Components include VoIP protocols, gateways to interface with the PSTN, and codecs to compress voice signals. Businesses are attracted to VoIP as it can help reduce costs while improving utilization of bandwidth and network management. However, security risks like hacking and eavesdropping exist since VoIP uses the public Internet.
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER FORENSICS
Introduction to Traditional Computer Crime, Traditional problems associated with Computer Crime. Introduction to Identity Theft & Identity Fraud. Types of CF techniques – Incident and incident response methodology – Forensic duplication and investigation. Preparation for IR: Creating response tool kit and IR team. – Forensics Technology and Systems – Understanding Computer Investigation – Data Acquisition.
This document is the October 2013 issue of the magazine "eForensics" which focuses on mobile device forensics related to iOS, Android, and Windows Mobile phones. The issue includes several articles about best practices for collecting and analyzing data from iOS and Android devices, understanding security risks related to Android apps, NFC security and data leaks, digital forensic techniques for Windows phones, Apple's Touch ID fingerprint authentication, and the role of mobile phone forensics in solving traditional crimes.
Network forensics involves collecting and analyzing network data and traffic to determine how attacks occur. It is important to establish standard forensic procedures and know normal network traffic patterns to detect variations. Tools like packet analyzers, Sysinternals, and honeypots can help monitor traffic and identify intrusions. The Honeynet Project aims to increase security awareness by observing new attacker techniques.
Historical genesis and evolution of cyber crimes newDr. Arun Verma
Cyber crimes have evolved significantly since the first recorded cyber crime in 1820. Early cyber crimes were typically committed by individuals and involved sabotage of new technologies or stealing long distance phone services. As computers and the internet became more advanced and widely used through the late 20th century, cyber crimes grew to include hacking, computer viruses, identity theft, and financial crimes. Law enforcement struggled to keep up with the evolving nature of cyber crimes until new laws and agencies were established to address these new threats. Cyber crimes now encompass a wide range of illegal online activities targeting individuals, businesses, and governments.
Intrusion detection systems collect information from systems and networks to analyze for signs of intrusion. Digital evidence encompasses any digital data that can establish a crime or link a crime to a victim or perpetrator. It is important to properly collect, preserve, and identify digital evidence using forensically-sound procedures to avoid altering or destroying the original evidence. This involves creating bit-stream copies of storage devices, documenting the collection and examination process, and verifying the integrity of evidence.
This document is a research project submitted by Ronak Karanpuria to Prof. S.B.N. Prakash at the National Law School of India University in Bangalore for the subject of E-commerce & IT law in trimester IV of 2013-14. The research project examines the topic of "Electronic Evidence" and addresses its relevance, authenticity, and admissibility in court procedures in the context of the modern digital environment. The document includes sections on the types of electronic evidence, assessing electronic evidence, techno-legal prerequisites for electronic evidence, and the admissibility of electronic evidence. It also briefly discusses cloud computing.
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT), Communications Intelligence (COMINT)Training C...Bryan Len
Duration : 3 days
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) Training Bootcamp is a 3-day training course, covering all angles of Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) including Communications Intelligence (COMINT), Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) and Foreign Instrumentation Signals Intelligence (FISINT).
Advanced Network Characterization (ANC), Digital Land Mobile Communication (DLMC), 4G/5G, WiFi, IoT, SATCOM, Radar, UHV/VHF/H, microwave, mmWave and optical signals using the most recent innovations and approaches in the SIGINT field are talked about.
Members will find out about SIGINT and apparatuses to gather SIGINT from different sources, including outside correspondences, satellite/space, business correspondence frameworks, versatile systems, radar and other electronic and correspondence frameworks.
The teachers will give you what to gather, and how to process, examine, produce, and disperse Signals Intelligence data and information for intelligence and counterintelligence purposes.
Learning Objectives :
In the wake of finishing the SIGINT training bootcamp, the members will:
Talk about the fundamental and propelled SIGINT standards.
Talk about systems for defending SIGINT draws near.
Characterize the jobs and duties that help SIGINT situations.
Lead hole investigation between SIGINT pattern and best practices.
Get acquainted with RF hypothesis.
Clarify standards behind Software Defined Radio (SDR) and more.
Who Should Attend :
SIGINT training course is designed for :
Hardware and software engineers
Analysts, scientists
Project managers
Military intelligence professionals
And anyone else who wants to learn about the SIGINT.
Course Agenda and Topics:
SIGINT 101
Elements of SIGINT
The Fundamentals of Signal Analysis
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) Technical Principles
SIGINT Operational Planning
Principles of Collection
Principles of Electronic Intelligence
Advanced Electronic Intelligence
Workshops and Case Studies
Request more information regarding signals intelligence, SIGINT. Visit tonex.com for course and workshop detail.
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) Training Course
https://www.tonex.com/training-courses/signals-intelligence-training-sigint-training-course/
This document provides an overview of criminal investigation and identification. It discusses the goals of criminal investigation as identifying, locating, and providing evidence of guilt of the offender. The primary job of an investigator is to determine what offense was committed by answering who, what, when, where, why, and how. Identification of criminals can occur through confession, eyewitness testimony, circumstantial evidence, associative evidence, or modus operandi. Gathering evidence and using tools like interviews, interrogation, and instrumentation are also discussed.
Cyber pornograpghy (with special reference to child pornography)gunpreet kamboj
containing all provisions of Indian Penal Code & IT act 2000 related to pornography & child pornography. Prepared by Gunpreet kaur kamboj, law student of GNDU (asr) . if u like it then please like it or comment it...as i did alot of hardwork
This document provides an overview of wireless networks like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. It discusses the "Father of Wi-Fi" Vic Hayes and how Wi-Fi networks work using wireless access points. The document outlines different Wi-Fi technologies like 802.11b, 802.11a, 802.11g and the latest 802.11ac standard. It also covers the basic elements of a Wi-Fi network including access points, Wi-Fi cards, and security measures. The advantages of Wi-Fi networks like mobility and convenience are highlighted as well as some limitations.
The document summarizes Republic Act 4200, also known as the Anti-Wiretapping Act. The law prohibits wiretapping and other violations of communication privacy, except when authorized by a court order for specific serious crimes. It establishes restrictions on possessing or sharing illegally obtained recordings and excludes such recordings as evidence. The law was enacted in 1965 to protect privacy rights in the Philippine constitution and stop government spying. An example of its application is the "Hello Garci" wiretapping scandal involving President Arroyo.
This document provides an overview of fundamentals of criminal investigation. It discusses characteristics of successful investigators including being objective, adjustable, and diplomatic. It outlines the basic types of investigations and steps in preliminary and follow-up investigations. It also covers interview and interrogation techniques, types of interviews, obtaining and recording information, and the difference between information and evidence in criminal cases.
This document outlines crimes that can be committed by public officers according to the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines. It defines who is considered a public officer and discusses various offenses like bribery, malversation of public funds, failure to properly manage documents or accounts, and abandonment of office duties. Penalties are prescribed for acts like illegally using public money, refusing to follow orders, or revealing private secrets learned through one's role as a civil servant. The key goal is to uphold integrity and accountability in government positions.
Information Gathering in Intelligence AgenciesNora A. Rahim
Information gathering and sharing between agencies is critical for preventing threats like terrorism, yet involvement of classified information makes studying the relationship between information science and intelligence work difficult. The document discusses the differences between information and intelligence, the intelligence cycle of collecting, analyzing and using information to produce finished intelligence for policymakers, and various types of intelligence including current, estimative, warning, research, and scientific/technical intelligence. It concludes by recommending better information retrieval and an understanding of information science to provide timely intelligence while reducing pressure on analysts.
This document discusses the nature of computer-based electronic evidence and the devices and considerations involved in digital investigation. It covers topics such as latent evidence stored on computers, fragility of electronic evidence, devices that may contain evidence like computers, networks, and other digital devices. It also summarizes laws and guidelines related to digital investigation in the UK.
This document discusses image forgery, including its history and types. It provides examples of image editing software like Photoshop and GIMP that enable forgery. There are three main types of forgery: image retouching, image splicing, and copy-move attacks. Detection methods include error level analysis, copy/move detection, and inconsistent image quality analysis. The document also provides tips for protecting images online through copyright, sizing, slicing, and mouseover effects.
The companion PowerPoint for Chapter Nine (External Systems) for the book Police Technology. Currently used in over 100 colleges and universities; and, by police agencies around the globe
This document discusses emerging and future technologies that may be applied in law enforcement. It explores techniques used by futurists to predict technological developments and various applications including emergency location systems, automatic collision notification, universal product coding, radio frequency chipping of goods, biometric identification, satellite surveillance, pursuit technologies using vehicle disabling chips, less-lethal weapons, mobile access to databases, and combinations of technologies. The goal is to understand how future technologies could impact policing.
Crime Crime and Cyber crime Investigation.pptOlusegun Mosugu
This document discusses technology and methods for investigating cross-border fraud cases involving telecommunications and the internet. It outlines challenges like tracking calls across borders and analyzing large volumes of complicated data. It presents case studies and lessons learned, including how VOIP tracking and lawful interception of call records from SIP gateways can help identify criminal groups. Effective investigation requires understanding criminal networks and tools, as well as flexible collection and analysis of primary data from multiple sources.
I use this PowerPoint presentation when working with my clients overseas. It helps to establish my point of view as well as open a conversation on the differences between their models of policing and the typical American experience.
Ce hv6 module 57 computer forensics and incident handlingVi Tính Hoàng Nam
The incident response team will take several steps to investigate the denial of service attack on OrientRecruitmentInc's web server. They will first isolate the compromised system to contain the attack. The team will then analyze logs and files on the system to identify the source and technical details of the attack. Finally, the team will work to restore normal operations by fixing vulnerabilities and installing patches, while also preparing a report on their findings and response for management.
The cybercrimes act of tanzania an overview -all you need to knowHUMPHREY MORIS
This document provides an overview and summary of key aspects of Tanzania's Cybercrimes Act of 2015. It defines important terms like crime, cybercrime, and the Cybercrimes Act. It summarizes each of the Act's seven parts, including offenses and penalties, search and seizure procedures, service provider liability, and amendments to other laws. The document analyzes challenges to the Act regarding excessive police powers, restrictions on freedom of expression, and compliance requirements for service providers. Overall, the Cybercrimes Act aims to address cybercrimes like child pornography and cyberbullying, but critics argue some provisions restrict civil liberties and freedom of the press.
The document discusses information exchange between criminal justice agencies and the importance of integration. It notes that currently agencies operate independently with different systems, making information sharing difficult. True integration would involve agencies sharing a single system with common standards for data entry, protocols, policies, software and hardware. This would allow information to be captured once and reused across agencies. The document also discusses challenges like organizational fragmentation and potential solutions like adopting web-based standards, agency partnerships, and economies of scale through regional systems.
The document discusses a 2009 study of 155 child pornography offenders who participated in an 18-month treatment program. Key findings from the study include:
- At sentencing, 115 offenders (74%) had no documented contact offenses, while 40 (26%) had known contact offense histories.
- Offenders reported a total of 75 victims at sentencing, or about 1.88 victims per offender. However, after treatment 131 offenders (85%) admitted to at least one hands-on offense, reporting a total of 1,777 victims, or an average of 13.56 victims per offender.
Intense and wide workshop on major voice encryption technologies for private, business, military, public safety and internet.
Strong review of wiretapping technical and political context.
Protocols and Practices in Using Encryption Chapter 4AfiqEfendy Zaen
The document discusses various protocols for using encryption, including:
- Arbitrated protocols which use a trusted third party to ensure fairness
- Adjudicated protocols which use a third party to judge disputes after they occur
- Self-enforcing protocols which guarantee fairness without an outside party
It also describes key distribution protocols like using symmetric keys exchanged through a server, asymmetric keys exchanged between two parties, and digital signatures to authenticate identities. The document emphasizes that proper key management is important for encryption and different protocols have advantages and disadvantages related to efficiency, trust, and implementation.
2009: Voice Security And Privacy (Security Summit - Milan)Fabio Pietrosanti
This document discusses voice security and privacy technologies. It covers the need for lawful and unlawful phone call interception by various entities. It describes common methods used to intercept phone calls both tactically and through telecommunication operators. The risks of widespread eavesdropping to democracy and privacy are discussed. Real world examples of interception scandals are provided. Currently available voice encryption technologies are outlined including those for traditional circuits switched and newer VoIP systems. Upcoming technologies to improve privacy are also mentioned.
This document discusses developing a legal framework to combat cybercrime. It addresses the need to balance privacy protections and law enforcement investigative authority when dealing with cybercrimes. Some key points discussed include:
- Privacy is important for human rights and economic factors, but law enforcement needs authority to investigate crimes involving computer networks like terrorism or hacking.
- Law enforcement authority must have appropriate limits through procedural laws to prevent abuse while allowing for necessary investigations. Methods to limit authority include restricting the types of crimes investigated or requiring approval from independent parties.
- Economic burdens on third parties from assistance with investigations, like technical capabilities or costs, require consideration.
- Countries must decide their own framework that takes into account their legal traditions
Aba gp solo magazine schumann technology article-20160319_as publishedRalph Schumann
I am very happy that my article, entitled "How Real Estate Lawyers Can Use Technology to Guard Against Security and Compliance Threats", has been published in the current issue of the American Bar Association's GPSolo magazine.
Assignment 1 ) ----- Portfolio Assignments
Preface
Listed below are areas of concentration for MSDF-630 202 Portfolio Assignment. Keep in mind that the portfolio research concentration is an essential segment of the course. Two research topics are created for you, and I hope that your professional effort will be represented in this project. Portfolio projects consist of the following three unique phases:
Profile.
Research Question 1
Investigation of Alabi, Time as Alibi and Location as Alibi.
Research Question 2.
Cybercrime Law, Computer-Integrity Crime, Fraud, and Abuse.
Portfolio Project
Profile: Required
Group 1. Research Question 1
Group 2. Research Question 2
Group 3. Research Question 1
Group 4. Research Question 2
Each student Must submit two (2) successful completed documents (here):
Profile
Collaborative Group Assignment.
Phase 1: Student Professional Profile
Portfolio
Full-Name
Profile
Status: Graduate or Post-graduate
Academic areas concentration
Current Professional Career Path
Professional Career Path Completion Upon successful completion of your studies at the University of the Cumberlands.
Research Question 1.
Investigation of Alabi, Time as Alibi and Location as Alibi.
Preamble
Alibi is a Latin acronym, meaning somewhere else and someone other than the culprit. A scenario that identifies the perpetrator of a crime to be someone or somewhere else other than where the crime took place. Criminal activities involving location, login and logout time, illegal behaviors, can be easily tracked by use computer and internet technologies.
Offenders and their Alabi are often naive and ignore the fact that telephone companies always keep records of the number dialed, the time and duration of the call, and caller's number.
Offenders and their Alabi are oblivious and unaware of the fact that credit card corporations keep records of the dates, times, and locations of all purchases, banks keep track of the dates, times, and locations of all deposits and withdrawals, and dates, times, and locations reside on computers for an indefinite period. Customers receive a report each month with detailed information in the form of a bill and financial statement.
Offenders and their Alabi are often neglectful of the fact that when an e-mail message is sent, the time and originating internet protocol (IP) addresses are noted in the header and log files that contain information of the past and current activities.
Forensic investigator must be vigilant at all times and try to acknowledge and recognize criminal Modus Operandi (MO) motive, intent, and ability to manipulate and change contents of the conclusive evidence and create false Alibi to amplify deceitful schemes. During the investigation of an alibi, the first step is to secure access to the data and information on the computer workstations, file servers, protocol, and network system.
BOOTP is the computer network designed to control .
The document summarizes the contents of an iForensics Prevention Workshop. The workshop covers topics related to corporate espionage and cybercrime, including the hacker subculture, TCP/IP fundamentals, reconnaissance techniques, and compromising networks. Attendees will learn about common vulnerabilities, penetration methods, and how to identify security risks. After the workshop, a security consultant will assess specific vulnerabilities at each participating business. The goal is to help businesses protect themselves from the estimated $2 billion in losses each year due to corporate espionage.
A PowerPoint presentation covering the main headings to use in a police report: Source of Activity, Observations, Arrest
Booking, Medical Treatment, Evidence, Suspect Statements, Witness Statements, Victim Statements, Evidence, Property Taken, Injuries, Use of Force, Supplemental Charges, Additional Information. For police, law enforcement and private security personnel.
The concept of YouTube for the Criminal Justice Educator is the provide instructors with dynamic access to supplemental material via video. Nearly 400 videos are categorized and descriptions provided. The links are live from this document. The videos are classified into the nineteen categories. There is some overlap between the categories. The category titles are linked from the Table of Contents. Thus, if you want to view films on Active Shooter, click on Active Shooter in the Table of Contents and you will be taken to that page.
Cops are constantly adapting their equipment to the environment. Our kit bags have grown larger and larger as we collected equipment to deal with the job. Our departments gives us the basics and as we face new situations we think about what we could have used as a tool to have made the task easier. Then, we go out and get that tool – for next time. Much of the commercially produced police equipment used by our peers today was developed “on the fly” by those who walked the beat before us. The concept of the cruiser as a mobile office was developed by those of us who worked long shifts and thought “What could be added to this car to make my job easier? Make me more comfortable? Help me to hunt down dangerous offenders?”
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A brief introduction to the federal court system. Excellent presentation for undergraduate introduction to criminal justice courses. Parts 2 through 4 to be uploaded soon.
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Wiretaps
1. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster
Police TechnologyPolice Technology
Chapter FourteenChapter Fourteen
WiretapsWiretaps
2. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
Context and value of gathering covertContext and value of gathering covert
informationinformation
Difference between device-identifyingDifference between device-identifying
information and call-content informationinformation and call-content information
Impact of Communications Assistance for LawImpact of Communications Assistance for Law
Enforcement Agencies (CALEA)Enforcement Agencies (CALEA)
Legal and practical aspects of wiretapsLegal and practical aspects of wiretaps
PEN registries, traps, traces and the InternetPEN registries, traps, traces and the Internet
The Patriot ActThe Patriot Act
3. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
What is Electronic Surveillance?What is Electronic Surveillance?
InterceptingIntercepting
information byinformation by
electronic meanselectronic means
from:from:
Telephone calls.Telephone calls.
Private conversationsPrivate conversations
InternetInternet
communicationscommunicationsPhotograph provided by Robert Eplett, CaliforniaPhotograph provided by Robert Eplett, California
Governor’s Office of Emergency ServicesGovernor’s Office of Emergency Services
4. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Legal History of WiretapsLegal History of Wiretaps
1928 Olmstead v United States – not illegal1928 Olmstead v United States – not illegal
unless trespass is involved.unless trespass is involved.
1934, Congressional Communications Act –1934, Congressional Communications Act –
although it said that wiretaps were essentiallyalthough it said that wiretaps were essentially
illegal, it was still interpreted – no trespass, notillegal, it was still interpreted – no trespass, not
illegalillegal
1967 court decisions provided telephone1967 court decisions provided telephone
communications with the full protection of thecommunications with the full protection of the
Fourth Amendment – No warrant no tap.Fourth Amendment – No warrant no tap.
5. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Legal History of WiretapsLegal History of Wiretaps
1968 Omnibus Crime Control and Safe1968 Omnibus Crime Control and Safe
Streets Act - specified rules state andStreets Act - specified rules state and
federal organizations must follow.federal organizations must follow.
Required both prosecutorial and judicialRequired both prosecutorial and judicial
reviewreview
1994 Communications Assistance for Law1994 Communications Assistance for Law
Enforcement Act (CALEA) - requiredEnforcement Act (CALEA) - required
commercial carriers cooperation.commercial carriers cooperation.
6. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Legal History of WiretapsLegal History of Wiretaps
1986 Electronic Communications Privacy1986 Electronic Communications Privacy
Act (ECPA) – Established a lowerAct (ECPA) – Established a lower
threshold of judicial review for capturingthreshold of judicial review for capturing
device identifying information.device identifying information.
2001 USA PATRIOT Act – reduced2001 USA PATRIOT Act – reduced
threshold for some federal wiretaps and, inthreshold for some federal wiretaps and, in
some instances, for “roving” taps.some instances, for “roving” taps.
7. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Wiretap DefinitionsWiretap Definitions
Call content is the substance of the call –Call content is the substance of the call –
the conversation.the conversation.
For internet communications this would be theFor internet communications this would be the
subject line and body of the message in ansubject line and body of the message in an
email communication.email communication.
Device identifying information is theDevice identifying information is the
commonly the telephone number of thecommonly the telephone number of the
callers.callers.
For internet communications it would be the toFor internet communications it would be the to
and from lines of an email message.and from lines of an email message.
8. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Wiretap DefinitionsWiretap Definitions
Operational Security refers to theOperational Security refers to the
concept that the target, orconcept that the target, or
unauthorized persons, should notunauthorized persons, should not
have knowledge of the wiretaphave knowledge of the wiretap
during the investigation.during the investigation.
Both the agency conducting theBoth the agency conducting the
wiretap and the service provider havewiretap and the service provider have
responsibilities.responsibilities.
Primarily, the service provide mustPrimarily, the service provide must
ensure transparency – that is aensure transparency – that is a
tapped call sounds no different to thetapped call sounds no different to the
target.target.
Typical wiretap hardware.Typical wiretap hardware.
Photograph provided by ADACS Corp.Photograph provided by ADACS Corp.
9. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
General Wiretap RulesGeneral Wiretap Rules
Generally requires both prosecutorial andGenerally requires both prosecutorial and
judicial review.judicial review.
Wiretaps require probable cause like anyWiretaps require probable cause like any
search warrant.search warrant.
Must focus on gaining specific informationMust focus on gaining specific information
about a crime – not just generalabout a crime – not just general
investigative informationinvestigative information
10. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
General Wiretap RulesGeneral Wiretap Rules
To obtain court order, investigators mustTo obtain court order, investigators must
show that the information cannot beshow that the information cannot be
obtained in another manner.obtained in another manner.
Investigators must provide the court with:Investigators must provide the court with:
Articulate specific offense.Articulate specific offense.
Specific place to be tapped.Specific place to be tapped.
Types of conversations believed to beTypes of conversations believed to be
overheard.overheard.
11. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
General Wiretap RulesGeneral Wiretap Rules
Because wiretaps require judicial andBecause wiretaps require judicial and
prosecutorial review (and significantprosecutorial review (and significant
technology and personnel resources) it istechnology and personnel resources) it is
likely the process will require significantlikely the process will require significant
bureaucratic review within theirbureaucratic review within their
organization.organization.
Intercepted conversations must beIntercepted conversations must be
recorded and protected from editing,recorded and protected from editing,
alteration or deletion.alteration or deletion.
12. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
General Wiretap RulesGeneral Wiretap Rules
Investigators mustInvestigators must
protect the Rights of non-protect the Rights of non-
involved persons.involved persons.
Generally, a conversationGenerally, a conversation
is monitored for a limitedis monitored for a limited
time and if it is not criminaltime and if it is not criminal
in nature the tap isin nature the tap is
discontinued – a single calldiscontinued – a single call
may be checkedmay be checked
periodically to determine ifperiodically to determine if
a relevant conversationa relevant conversation
has begun.has begun.
13. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
General Wiretap RulesGeneral Wiretap Rules
In most states, only investigator’s withIn most states, only investigator’s with
specialized training can overhear livespecialized training can overhear live
conversations. However, once aconversations. However, once a
conversation has been recorded it isconversation has been recorded it is
considered evidence and anyone withconsidered evidence and anyone with
access to the evidence can listen to theaccess to the evidence can listen to the
conversations.conversations.
14. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
General Wiretap RulesGeneral Wiretap Rules
Every five days the investigators mustEvery five days the investigators must
provide the judicial authority with aprovide the judicial authority with a
thorough review of the conversations.thorough review of the conversations.
In addition to five day review, at the end ofIn addition to five day review, at the end of
the tap, the investigator’s must providethe tap, the investigator’s must provide
both the judicial and prosecutorialboth the judicial and prosecutorial
authority with a complete review.authority with a complete review.
Thirty days after the conclusion of the tap,Thirty days after the conclusion of the tap,
each personeach person whose conversations werewhose conversations were
recorded must be notified in writing.recorded must be notified in writing.
15. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Conducting a WiretapConducting a Wiretap
Generally, wiretaps are expensive andGenerally, wiretaps are expensive and
technology intensive operations – thetechnology intensive operations – the
service provider intercepts the call andservice provider intercepts the call and
forwards it to a wire room.forwards it to a wire room.
Because of the investment required manyBecause of the investment required many
jurisdictions use regional wire rooms –jurisdictions use regional wire rooms –
locations specifically designed andlocations specifically designed and
dedicated to wiretaps.dedicated to wiretaps.
16. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Conducting a WiretapConducting a Wiretap
Technology has madeTechnology has made
compliance muchcompliance much
simpler. For instance,simpler. For instance,
software can now besoftware can now be
used to recordused to record
conversations andconversations and
provide the necessaryprovide the necessary
reporting.reporting.Screen Capture provided by Pen-LinkScreen Capture provided by Pen-Link™™
17. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Wiretap SoftwareWiretap Software
As investigatorsAs investigators
monitor telephonemonitor telephone
conversations theyconversations they
have the ability tohave the ability to
connect to otherconnect to other
databases and begindatabases and begin
to integrate theto integrate the
information.information.Screen Capture provided by Pen-LinkScreen Capture provided by Pen-Link™™
18. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Pens, Traps and TracesPens, Traps and Traces
A Pen register refersA Pen register refers
to capturing call-to capturing call-
identifying informationidentifying information
with the content…whowith the content…who
is calling who, but notis calling who, but not
what they are takingwhat they are taking
about. This is anabout. This is an
device connected to adevice connected to a
local junction box andlocal junction box and
retrieved later.retrieved later.Photograph provided by Dianatek Corp.Photograph provided by Dianatek Corp.
19. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Pens, Traps and TracesPens, Traps and Traces
In compliance with withIn compliance with with
CALEA, cellular and hard-CALEA, cellular and hard-
wired telephone identifyingwired telephone identifying
information is now routed toinformation is now routed to
law enforcement via securelaw enforcement via secure
TCP/IP connection.TCP/IP connection.
With Cellular information,With Cellular information,
the cell site can be knownthe cell site can be known
and the target’s generaland the target’s general
location determined.location determined.
Indicates cell receptionIndicates cell reception
Screen Capture provided by Pen-LinkScreen Capture provided by Pen-Link™™
20. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Pens, Traps and TracesPens, Traps and Traces
Device identifying information mayDevice identifying information may
establish co-conspirators or draw a linkestablish co-conspirators or draw a link
between the target and a crime.between the target and a crime.
TRAPS and TRACES are very much likeTRAPS and TRACES are very much like
the caller identification informationthe caller identification information
commercially available to consumers.commercially available to consumers.
These devices let investigator’s who isThese devices let investigator’s who is
calling – typically used in stalking orcalling – typically used in stalking or
annoying telephone call investigations.annoying telephone call investigations.
21. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Internet CommunicationsInternet Communications
Through email, chatThrough email, chat
and websites, theand websites, the
internet has becomeinternet has become
a form of criminala form of criminal
communications.communications.
Like wire taps,Like wire taps,
identifying informationidentifying information
and contentand content
information haveinformation have
different judicialdifferent judicial
thresholds.thresholds.
22. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Internet CommunicationsInternet Communications
Network diagnostic tools called packet sniffersNetwork diagnostic tools called packet sniffers
are used to inspect data as it flows across theare used to inspect data as it flows across the
Internet.Internet.
These software programs can “sniff” forThese software programs can “sniff” for
addressees, addressors and content in emailaddressees, addressors and content in email
communications.communications.
Recently, the Federal Bureau of InvestigationRecently, the Federal Bureau of Investigation
has not used its own “sniffer” Carnivore, buthas not used its own “sniffer” Carnivore, but
another commerical product.another commerical product.
23. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Magic LanternMagic Lantern
There are any number ofThere are any number of
software programs thatsoftware programs that
can be loaded onto acan be loaded onto a
computer to recordcomputer to record
keystrokes. This is a waykeystrokes. This is a way
to surreptitiously gainto surreptitiously gain
passwords.passwords.
Most recent referred to asMost recent referred to as
Keylogger software,Keylogger software,
commercially availablecommercially available
and used on home as welland used on home as well
as commercial PCs.as commercial PCs.
24. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
Telephone and InvestigationsTelephone and Investigations
More than justMore than just
receiving and sendingreceiving and sending
information, theinformation, the
telephone is antelephone is an
investigative tool.investigative tool.
Miranda requiresMiranda requires
detention anddetention and
accusatory questionsaccusatory questions
If the target is free toIf the target is free to
hang-up they are nothang-up they are not
detained and thereforedetained and therefore
no Miranda protectionno Miranda protection
Photograph provided by Robert Eplett, CaliforniaPhotograph provided by Robert Eplett, California
Governor’s Office of Emergency ServicesGovernor’s Office of Emergency Services
25. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond
USA PATRIOT ActUSA PATRIOT Act
Several sections are expiring and up for renewalSeveral sections are expiring and up for renewal
in 2005.in 2005.
Judicial review threshold lowered for “roving”Judicial review threshold lowered for “roving”
warrants.warrants.
A roving warrant means the target is the subject, notA roving warrant means the target is the subject, not
the telephone. If the target changes telephones thethe telephone. If the target changes telephones the
investigators can continue to monitorinvestigators can continue to monitor
Made telephone and Internet intercepts similar.Made telephone and Internet intercepts similar.
Changed threshold on use of FISA courts andChanged threshold on use of FISA courts and
domestic surveillance.domestic surveillance.
26. Copyright 2005 - 2009: Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster
Police TechnologyPolice Technology
ExploreExplore leadershipleadership atat
www.pokerleadership.comwww.pokerleadership.com