The document discusses cybercrime and computer misuse cases in Mauritius and African regions. It profiles several Mauritian cybercriminals who engaged in hacking, sabotage, and unauthorized computer access. Cases of computer misuse in Mauritius include phishing schemes and international call diversion. Common cybercrimes in Nigeria, South Africa, and Ghana are also examined, along with relevant legislation in African countries. The challenges of fighting cybercrime in Mauritius are discussed, along with the roles of the Cyber Crime Unit and CERT-MU.

1. University of Mauritius
Faculty of Law & Management
LAWS 2100Y Foundations of IT Law
Cybercrime & Computer
Misuse cases
In Mauritius and African Regions
Presented by: Group 1
•Ashnee Gunness
•Bhavna Nobaub
•Ashveen Beechowa
•Ashesh Ramjeeawon

2. Agenda
What is Cybercrime?
Mauritian Cybercriminals
Cases of Computer Misuse in Mauritius
Cybercrimes in African Regions
Legislations in African Regions
Fighting off the Cybercrimals in Mauritius – the
Challenge
Cyber crime Unit (Mtius)
CERT-MU
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

3. What is Cybercrime?
An attack that undermines the confidentiality, integrity
or availability of a computer, information resident on it,
or a computer service within a Network Information
System.
Some offences under Computer Misuse and
Cybercrime Act 2003:
Unauthorised access to data
Access with intent to commit offences
Unauthorised access to and interception of computer
service
Damaging or denying access to computer system
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

4. Mauritian
Cybercriminals
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

5. Do you Recognise the Face?
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

6. CyberCriminal 1
Vishal Ramessur – 32 years old
First Mauritian Hacker involved in the
‘sabotage of internet connection’ in 2005
Violation of section 7 (b) of Computer misuse and
cybercrime Act de 2003 :
“a denial of access to, or impairment of any program or
data stored in, the computer system”
Shall commit an offence and shall, on conviction be
liable to a fine not exceeding 200, 000 and to penal
service not exceeding 20 years
Source: http://www.lexpress.mu/display_search_result.php?news_id=38637
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

7. Does this Name tell you anything?
Booden (Vinay) Ramrichia
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

8. CyberCriminal 2
Booden (Vinay) Ramrichia -un pirate informatique du site
de l’Etat
un clerc du CISD de 28 ans
poursuivi en cour intermédiaire
20 mai 2005 - tentatives pour bloquer l’accès à deux des
principaux serveurs du système
Dans sa déposition à la police, il avoue
Mais la magistrate Adila Hamuth écrit : “Il a été clairement
convenu, la fois dernière, que le procès devait être déjà logé.
Cette affaire a traîné et la poursuite n’a pu expliquer pourquoi
l’affaire n’a pas été instruite. Dans les circonstances, la charge
provisoire est rayée
Source: http://www.lexpress.mu/display_search_result.php?news_id=90200
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

9. Do you Recognise this Cybercrime?
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

10. Computer Misuse -Phishing in M’tius
26 septembre 2004, Kovalen, 14 ans, étudiant du
collège St Esprit, atteint d’une maladie incurable – la
maladie de Creutz-feldt-Jakob.
l’adolescent peut être sauvé, mais comme il vient d’une
famille modeste, il n’a pas les moyens de se faire soigner
! Ils lancent un appel à la générosité : « Donnez Rs 1, Rs
5 ou même Rs 100. Aidez cet enfant à vivre plus
longtemps, chacun a le droit de vivre, pourquoi pas lui ?
Plusieurs associations dont la Croix Rouge, Amnesty
International participent à cet élan de solidarité. »
Source:http://www.lexpress.mu/display_search_result.php?news_id=52226
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

11. Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

12. Important Security Announcement To Internet
Banking(IB) Customers Port-Louis, 21st January 2008
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

13. Computer Misuse
May 2008- Three Cases lodged by the Mauritius
Telecom
foreigners have introduced a system with the
help of switches and other apparatus to divert
international calls coming from abroad.
Diverting the gateway of MT is a criminal
offence.
This has led to the loss of huge amount of
money for MT.
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

14. Computer Misuse (ctnued..)
The Information Communication Technologies Act 2001:-
under section 46 offences
(j) By means of an apparatus or device connected to an
installation maintained or operated by a licensee-
(i) defrauds the licensee of any fee or charge properly payable for
the use of a service; causes the licensee to provide a service to
some other person without payment by such other person of the
appropriate fee or charge; or fraudulently installs or causes to be
installed an access to a telecommunication line;
Penalties
(1) Any person who commits an offence under this Act shall, on
conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding 1,000,000 rupees and
to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

15. Cybercrimes in African Regions
Legislations in African Regions
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

16. African Regions
1. Nigeria
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

17. Cybercrime – Nigerian 419
Nigerian 419 scam stole the most money off Internet.
Americans reported losing an all-time high of $183
million to Internet fraud in 2005, up 169 percent from
$68 million in 2004.
Refered to as quot;Advance Fee Fraudquot; or quot;419 Fraudquot;
The Scam operates as follows: the target receives an
unsolicited fax, email, or letter often concerning Nigeria
or another African nation containing either a money
laundering or other illegal proposal
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

18. Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

19. African Regions
2. South Africa
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

20. Cybercrimes -South Africa
Credit card quot;cloningquot; and e-mail scams
Windows Sinowal Trojan -500 000 online bank
accounts and affected several thousands credit
cards in Nigeria, South Africa
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

21. African Regions
3. Ghana
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

22. Cybercrime - Ghana
Many Ghanaians perpetrate credit card fraud.
The most typical example is a group in Nima, called
'Sakawa'. This group is alleged to be selling stolen credit
cards numbers as well as using same to order for
products from the United States and Europe.
These scammers buy or steal credit card and
verification numbers from hotel employees and cashiers
of super markets, either in the country or from abroad.
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

23. Legislations in African regions
Electronic Communications and Transactions Act (ECT).
Hacking been entrenched in our law in s86 (1) of the ECT,
which makes any unlawful access and interception of data a
criminal offence.
The ECT has now created “Cyber-Inspectors” who, with the
authority of a warrant, may enter any premises or access
information that has a bearing on an investigation (into possible
cyber crime)
Cyber Inspectors are empowered to access and inspect the
operation of any computer or equipment forming part of an
information system- used or suspected to have been used in an
offence- and require any person in control of, or otherwise
involved with the operation of a computer to provide reasonable
technical assistance.
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

24. Fighting off the cybercrimals in
Mauritius – the Challenge
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

25. Cyber Crime Unit(M’tius)
Created in 2000
Takes into consideration:
Data Protection Act 2000
Information and Communication Technology Act 2001
Computer Misuse and Cyber Crime Act 2003
Pour apprendre à collecter des preuves plus
correctement, la force policière a envoyé 21 policiers
suivre une formation. Celle-ci était dispensée par le
département Anti-Terrorism Assistance (ATA)
Le cours était dispensé par quatre experts américains de
l’ATA.
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

26. Les agents de l’ordre locaux ont ainsi appris comment
pénétrer sur les lieux d’un crime.
Par exemple, lorsque la police débarque chez un
individu soupçonné de fabriquer des faux billets de
banque, la première chose à examiner sera le clavier de
l’ordinateur. Et avant que cet ordinateur ne soit
débranché, les enquêteurs tenteront de collecter le
maximum d’informations sur le disque dur. Ensuite,
chaque pièce, composant de l’ordinateur, sera
soigneusement rangée dans un sac statique (sac
spécifique pour protéger les appareils informatiques) et
les articles saisis conservés dans une salle climatisée.
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

27. Les deux sections directement liées, concernées par le
cybercrime sont l’Information Technology (IT) de la
police – placée sous la responsabilité du sergent
Balgobin – et la Cybercrime Unit sous le
commandement du sergent Tany.
Parmi les 21 participants à cette formation en
cybercrime, on note la présence de policiers de
l’Information Technology, du Central Criminal
Investigation Department, de la Criminal Investigation
Division, de la Major Crimes Investigation Team et de
la Police Training School.
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

28. CERT-MU
Mauritian Computer Emergency Response Team
(CERT-MU)
Fully Operational since 16 May 2008
Incident reporting, Security alerts, Awareness
Programmes
Mission: To enhance the security of Mauritius
information and communications infrastructure
through effective collaboration and communication
with all stakeholders
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

29. CERT-MU
URL: http://cert-mu.org.mu
Email: info@cert-mu.gov.mu
Toll Free: 800 2378 ( 8.45 am to 4.00 pm)
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

30. References
NCB website
Cyber crime unit
Lexpress
Defimedia.info
UoM Library Law Section
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions

31. Thank You for your kind attention!
Cybercrime & Computer Misuse cases
in Mauritius & African Regions