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Windows 3.1 (WFW) on vintage and modern hardware
- 1. A Science Project: Windows 3.1 (WFW) on vintage and modern hardware SP Digital Tech Talk (30 Mar 2017) Hackware v2.2 (7 Sept 2016) By: Yeo Kheng Meng (yeokm1@gmail.com) http://yeokhengmeng.com/2016/09/windows-for-workgroups-3-11-on-vintage-and-modern-hardware-in-2016/ 1
- 2. So what is Windows 3.1x? • Windows 3.1x is a series of 16-bit operating systems by Microsoft • Windows 3.1 was released on April 6, 1992 • Windows for Workgroups 3.11 was released on August 11, 1993 • WFW first to have inbuilt networking facilities • All Windows 3.1x versions requires ≥MS-DOS 3.1 to be installed first • No Windows Update • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1x 2
- 3. Microsoft Timeline of DOS/Windows 3 • New Technology (NT) multi-user OS • DOS-based and Windows 9x single-user OS • PC-DOS (IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System) • MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System) • Source 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Microsoft_Windows • Source 2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_DOS_operating_systems PC-DOS 1.0 (1981) PC-DOS 1.1 (1982) PC-DOS 2.0 (1983) PC-DOS 2.1 (1983) PC-DOS 3.0 (1984) PC-DOS 3.1 (1985) PC/MS- DOS 3.2 (1986) MS-DOS 3.3 (1987) MS-DOS 5.0 (1991) MS-DOS 6.0-6.2 (1993) MS-DOS 6.22 (1994) MS-DOS 4.0 (1988) MS-DOS 3.0-3.1 (1984)
- 4. Quick demo • Win3.1 user interface • Minimise • Maximise • Restore • Desktop as taskbar • Clock is an external app Winclock • Graphics and Network Configuration • Play music with player • Internet access with IE5 4
- 6. Installation Goals 1. No Virtual Machines 2. Proper Video support. No 640x480 3. Sound 4. Network for web surfing 6
- 7. WFW3.11 system requirements • MS-DOS 3.1 or later • Intel 80386 12 – 40 Mhz (released 1985) • 5.25-inch (high density) or 3.5-inch floppy drive • EGA, VGA, SVGA, XGA, 8514/A, or Hercules video card or 100% compatible card, and monitor • 3 MiB RAM (4 MiB is recommended) • 640K Conventional memory • 2048K Extended memory • 6.2 MiB disk space (14.5 MiB recommended) • Mouse recommended • Source1: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/32905 • Source2: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/89333 7
- 8. “640 kB ought to be enough for anybody” (1981) 8 (Denied by Bill Gates)
- 9. Memory Layout of IBM DOS PC • Intel 8086 (released 1978) CPU has 20-bit address lines • Max 220 bytes = 1MiB addressable memory • Conventional memory (640KiB) • Executable code • Very precious • Upper Memory Area (384KiB) • System device addresses • Additional Expanded Memory (EMS) via bank-switching • Extended Memory (XMS) (Everything else) • Includes 64KiB High Memory Area (HMA) due to loophole • Can put DOS code in HMA to conserve conventional memory 9 Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IBM_PC_Memory_areas.svg
- 10. IBM Thinkpad 390e • Released in 1999 with Windows 98 • Win3.1 drivers provided by IBM • Specifications • Intel Mobile Pentium II 300Mhz • Intel 440BX chipset • NeoMagic Media256AV 2.5MB VRAM • 384MB SDRAM • ESS Solo-1 Audio • 13.1” 1024×768 • PATA hard drive (I used an SD card with SD-PATA converter) • CDROM + Floppy combo • Serial, Parallel, PS/2, USB 1.0, IrDA • 2x Cardbus slots • No Ethernet • 4.5cm thickness • 3.4kg weight • US$2700 in 1999 • US$3900 today • SG$5300 today 10
- 11. Preparing the install media • 4x DOS 6.22 diskettes • 8x WFW 3.11 diskettes • Mac OS X El Capitan onwards does not support USB Floppy drives • Download links: • https://winworldpc.com/product/ms-dos/622 • https://winworldpc.com/product/windows-3/wfw-311 11
- 12. Video and Audio drivers? 12 • Video and audio drivers provided by IBM works flawlessly • http://thinkpads.com/support/Thinkpad-Drivers/download.lenovo.com/lenovo/content/ddfm
- 13. Network? 13 • First attempt: PCMCIA/Cardbus network adapter • Xircom Realport Cardbus Ethernet 10/100 • Intel hosts Xircom drivers till today • https://downloadcenter.intel.com/product/50588/Xircom-CardBus-Ethernet-10-100-Adapter-CBE-10-100BTX- • IBM’s Cardbus’s drivers DID NOT WORK!!! • Second attempt: Parallel Port network adapter • Xircom Pocket Ethernet PE3-10BT • Powered by PS/2 passthrough cable • DOS drivers from Intel’s website • https://downloadcenter.intel.com/product/50622/Xircom-Pocket-Ethernet- III-Adapter-PE3-10Bx- • Bonus attempt: Cisco Aironet 350 802.11b PCMCIA
- 14. But where is the challenge? 14
- 15. Modern Lenovo Thinkpad T400 15 • Released in 2009 with Windows 7 • Specifications • Intel® Core™2 Duo processor T9400, 2.53 Ghz • Intel GM45 chipset • Intel GMA 4500MHD • 8 GB DDR3 RAM • Conexant HD Audio • 14.1” LED matte display with 1440×900 • 240GB Samsung 850 Evo • SATA DVD-RW Multi • 3 USB2.0 ports, 1 IEEE1394, Gigabit Ethernet • Intel Wireless-AC 7260 2×2 dual-band with Bluetooth 4 via mini-PCIe • 1 Cardbus slot and 1 ExpressCard slot • Last to support Thinkpad Advanced Mini Dock • Thinkpad Advanced Mini Dock • 4x USB • PS/2 keyboard/mouse • LAN • Native Serial and Parallel • VGA, DVI
- 16. Universal Video driver for VMs • Patched driver for VMware • 1024 x 768 with 256 colours (XGA) • Source: https://sites.google.com/site/chitchatvmback/misc 16
- 17. Drivers for Intel HD Audio? 17
- 18. My sound card • Designed and assembled by yours truly • Based on 1986 Covox Speech Thing, parallel port sound card • CPU-driven R-2R resistor-ladder 18 https://github.com/yeokm1/pcb-covox-amp-v2
- 19. Network • Intel Gigabit Ethernet DOS drivers 19
- 20. CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT • Important DOS configuration files • CONFIG.SYS • Loads drivers on startup • HIMEM.SYS/HIMEX.EXE: Extended Memory Manager • DOS=HIGH: Load DOS to HMA to save conventional memory • CDROMDRV.SYS: Toshiba CD driver • POWER.EXE: Sends x86 HALT instruction to save CPU power when idle • AUTOEXEC.BAT • Stands for AUTOmatic EXECution • Batch file that starts at end of DOS boot process • MSCDEX.EXE/SHCDX33F.COM: Assign CD drive letter to driver • DOSKEY.COM: Terminal history, auto-completion • CTMOUSE: Modern DOS mouse driver for PS/2 mouse • devicehigh and loadhigh -> HMA 20
- 21. HTTPS support • Obsolete: SSLv1 – SSLv3 • In use: TLSv1.0 – TLSv1.2 • Problems • IE5 only supports SSLv3 • Expired certificates • Possible Solutions? 1.Use a proxy to “upgrade” SSL connection 2.Use SSLStrip to replace HTTPS links as HTTP URLs • Both are man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks 21
- 22. HTTPS solution 1: SSL upgrade • Use Squid proxy’s SSL BUMP • Did not complete due to complications and lack of time 22 TLS 1.1 Typical MITMSSLv3 TLS 1.1 Client Web Server (s)
- 23. HTTPS solution 2: SSLstrip • By Moxie Marlinspike • Announced at Black Hat DC 2009 • Modern browsers use HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) • A website tells client must use HTTPS • Some servers enforce HTTPS-only connection 23 Client Web Server (s) MITM Raspberry Pi 3 Google “Wikipedia” Reply from Google: https://en.wikipedia.org/ https://www.wikipedia.org/ https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/ Reply from Google: http://en.wikipedia.org/ http://www.wikipedia.org/ http://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/ http://en.wikipedia.org/ Google “Wikipedia” http://en.wikipedia.org/ Replaces HTTPS links as HTTP URLs
- 24. 24 Physical Setup Thinkpad T400 •WFW 3.11 •Internet Explorer 5 •Gateway points to 192.168.2.200 Configuration scripts: https://github.com/yeokm1/start-sslstrip-on-boot Raspberry Pi 3 •Arch Linux •SSLStrip •192.168.2.200 Asus 4G-AC55U LTE Router
- 25. Bonus section: Windows 1.0 • Oldest Windows version released in 1985 • Final updated version 1.04 released in 1987 • I could not run the programs, causes system hang 25
- 26. What is a “Science Project”? • By Raymond Chen (Principal Software Engineer, Microsoft) • Runs a blog “Old New Thing” • Mar 2013 post: • https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20130319-00/?p=4913 26Raymond Chen image from: http://www.dailytech.com/Microsoft+Exec+Reveals+Steve+Ballmer+Created+Original+Blue+Screen+of+Death+Message/article36512.htm
- 27. A Science Project by Raymond Chen 1. A feature that is really cool and challenging from a technological standpoint but is overkill for the user- scenario. 2. Requires hardware few people have. 3. Trying to solve a problem that nobody really considers to be a problem. You're doing it just for the Gee Whiz factor. 27Taken from: https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20130319-00/?p=4913
- 28. My Science Projects 1. Windows For Workgroups 3.11 on vintage and modern hardware • Hackware v2.2, 7 Sept 2016 • https://engineers.sg/v/1053 • http://yeokhengmeng.com/2016/09/windows-for-workgroups-3-11-on-vintage-and-modern-hardware-in-2016/ 1. Swift Serial Chat • iOS Dev Scout, 23 Nov 2016 • https://engineers.sg/v/1275 • https://github.com/yeokm1/SwiftSerial 1. Sound Card based on Covox Speech Thing • Hackware v2.6, 4 Jan 2017 • https://engineers.sg/v/1339 • https://github.com/yeokm1/covox-music-player • https://github.com/yeokm1/pcb-covox-amp-v2 • http://yeokhengmeng.com/2017/01/a-science-project-bringing-the-covox-speech-thing-to-2017/ 28
- 29. Conclusion • External comments • Massive waste of time • Money down the drain • Hugely impractical • My takeaways • Greater appreciation for modern computing • Backward compatibility efforts by Intel and Microsoft • See my blog post for more details • http://yeokhengmeng.com/2016/09/windows-for-workgroups-3-11-on- vintage-and-modern-hardware-in-2016/ 29
- 30. How are the slides made? • Last 16-bit Powerpoint: PPT 4.0 • Official solution :( • Unofficial solution :) 30 Powerpoint 2016 (Win 10 x64) Save as PPT 97-2003 PowerPoint 97 to 4.0 translator addon (WFW 3.1) PowerPoint 4.0 with translator addon Powerpoint 97 (Win 10 x64) Save as PPT 95 (PPT 4.0 fails) Save as PPT 97-2003 Powerpoint 2016 (Win 10 x64)