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What is Research?
Definition ,[object Object]
Charateristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Charateristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Importance of Research ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Characteristics of a Researcher ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Qualities of a Good Researcher ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Research ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Research ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Research ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Stages in the Research Process Define Problem Planning a  Research Design Planning a Sample Gathering the Data Processing and Analysing the Data Conclusions and Report
Flowcharting the Research Process (1) Problem Discovery Secondary (historical) data Pilot Study Experience Survey Case Study Problem Definition (Statement of research objectives) Selection of  exploratory  research technique Selection of  basic research  method Survey (Interview, Questionnaire) Experiment (Laboratory, Field) Secondary Data Study Observation
Flowcharting the Research Process (2) Survey (Interview, Questionnaire) Experiment (Laboratory, Field) Secondary Data Study Observation Sample Design Probability Sampling Non-Probability Sampling Collection of Data (Fieldwork) Editing and Coding Data Data Processing and Analysis Interpretation of Findings Report
Ethical Interfaces in Research Subjects’ Rights Researchers’ Obligation Researchers’ Rights Clients’ Obligation Researchers’ Obligation Clients’ Rights Researchers’ Rights Subjects’ Obligation Research Subject Researcher Research Sponsor Subjects Rights & Clients Obligation
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Research is basically scientific.  Purpose: to provide an objective,  unbiased evaluation of data. 7 Basic Steps in Research
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Assignment : After approval of topic. Start researching for and writing your Review of Related Literature.
Focusing on the Research Problem The problem is the    of any research project. Without a focused problem, there is no research.  In order to be able to identify a research problem, a researcher needs to know what are the available sources.  A research problem is usually posed as a question, preferably a direct and simple one.
Focusing on the Research Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Focusing on the Research Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Focusing on the Research Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Focusing on the Research Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Defining Key Terms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Defining Key Terms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Identifying Variables To ensure the objectivity in the study of an identified problem, the researcher has to be clear as to what variables are to be examined or investigated.  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Identifying Variables ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Identifying Variables ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Delimiting Research One way of making a study on a problem more focused is by delimiting it. Delimiting research is giving full disclosure of what the researcher intends to do or does not intend to do. When a researcher is able to set the scope and delimitation of his study, he can make his research manageable. At the same time, this can direct him to the choice of research method to employ.
Delimiting Research ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Citing your Sources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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What is research

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  • 11. Stages in the Research Process Define Problem Planning a Research Design Planning a Sample Gathering the Data Processing and Analysing the Data Conclusions and Report
  • 12. Flowcharting the Research Process (1) Problem Discovery Secondary (historical) data Pilot Study Experience Survey Case Study Problem Definition (Statement of research objectives) Selection of exploratory research technique Selection of basic research method Survey (Interview, Questionnaire) Experiment (Laboratory, Field) Secondary Data Study Observation
  • 13. Flowcharting the Research Process (2) Survey (Interview, Questionnaire) Experiment (Laboratory, Field) Secondary Data Study Observation Sample Design Probability Sampling Non-Probability Sampling Collection of Data (Fieldwork) Editing and Coding Data Data Processing and Analysis Interpretation of Findings Report
  • 14. Ethical Interfaces in Research Subjects’ Rights Researchers’ Obligation Researchers’ Rights Clients’ Obligation Researchers’ Obligation Clients’ Rights Researchers’ Rights Subjects’ Obligation Research Subject Researcher Research Sponsor Subjects Rights & Clients Obligation
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  • 29. Focusing on the Research Problem The problem is the  of any research project. Without a focused problem, there is no research. In order to be able to identify a research problem, a researcher needs to know what are the available sources. A research problem is usually posed as a question, preferably a direct and simple one.
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  • 39. Delimiting Research One way of making a study on a problem more focused is by delimiting it. Delimiting research is giving full disclosure of what the researcher intends to do or does not intend to do. When a researcher is able to set the scope and delimitation of his study, he can make his research manageable. At the same time, this can direct him to the choice of research method to employ.
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