Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a mental health condition that causes dread, worry, and overwhelm. Excessive, persistent, and unreasonable concern over everyday events characterizes it.
https://bit.ly/3Jmoj5R
It is an emotional state, unpleasant in nature, associated with uneasiness, discomfort and concern or fear about some defined or undefined future threat. Some degree of anxiety is a part of normal life. Treatment is needed when it is disproportionate to the situation and excessive.
Presentation delivered at Women in Transition: a weekly support group offered at Kaiser Permanente Adult Psychiatry. Cupertino, California. Presented by Lucia Merino, LCSW.
Pyschotherapist.
It is an emotional state, unpleasant in nature, associated with uneasiness, discomfort and concern or fear about some defined or undefined future threat. Some degree of anxiety is a part of normal life. Treatment is needed when it is disproportionate to the situation and excessive.
Presentation delivered at Women in Transition: a weekly support group offered at Kaiser Permanente Adult Psychiatry. Cupertino, California. Presented by Lucia Merino, LCSW.
Pyschotherapist.
General anxiety disorder (GAD) presentationDryogeshcsv
Subtopics are introduction, etiology, clinical feature, DSM 5, Differential diagnosis, treatment.
presented in american university of Barbados by Yogesh Vishwakarma.
lecture 12 from a college level introduction to psychology course taught Fall 2011 by Brian J. Piper, Ph.D. (psy391@gmail.com) at Willamette University, includes DSM-IV TR psychiatric disorders including Post-traumatic stress disorder, phobias, Generalized Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, anterior cingulate
This presentation contains details about generalized anxiety disorder, its symptoms and etiology along with effective treatment measure. This is for academic purpose.
A mental health disorder characterised by feelings of worry, anxiety or fear that are strong enough to interfere with one's daily activities.
The term "anxiety disorder" refers to specific psychiatric disorders that involve extreme fear or worry, and includes generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder and panic attacks, agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, selective mutism, separation anxiety, and specific phobias.
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is marked by excessive exaggerated anxiety and worry about every day life events for no obvious reason.People with GAD tend to always expect disaster and can't stop worrying about health,family,work or school.
What is Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Definition of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Classification of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Clinical manifestation of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Risk factors and investigations of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Medications and therapies for Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD),
Anxiety disorders include disorders that share features of excessi.docxYASHU40
Anxiety disorders include disorders that share features of excessive fear and anxiety and related behavioral disturbances. Fear is the emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat, whereas anxiety is anticipation of future threat. Obviously, these two states overlap, but they also differ, with fear more often associated with surges of autonomic arousal necessary for fight or flight, thoughts of immediate danger, and escape behaviors, and anxiety more often associated with muscle tension and vigilance in preparation for future danger and cautious or avoidant behaviors. Sometimes the level of fear or anxiety is reduced by pervasive avoidance behaviors. Panic attacks feature prominently within the anxiety disorders as a particular type of fear response. Panic attacks are not limited to anxiety disorders but rather can be seen in other mental disorders as well.
The anxiety disorders differ from one another in the types of objects or situations that induce fear, anxiety, or avoidance behavior, and the associated cognitive ideation. Thus, while the anxiety disorders tend to be highly comorbid with each other, they can be differentiated by close examination of the types of situations that are feared or avoided and the content of the associated thoughts or beliefs.
Anxiety disorders differ from developmentally normative fear or anxiety by being excessive or persisting beyond developmentally appropriate periods. They differ from transient fear or anxiety, often stress-induced, by being persistent (e.g., typically lasting 6 months or more), although the criterion for duration is intended as a general guide with allowance for some degree of flexibility and is sometimes of shorter duration in children (as in separation anxiety disorder and selective mutism). Since individuals with anxiety disorders typically overestimate the danger in situations they fear or avoid, the primary determination of whether the fear or anxiety is excessive or out of proportion is made by the clinician, taking cultural contextual factors into account. Many of the anxiety disorders develop in childhood and tend to persist if not treated. Most occur more frequently in females than in males (approximately 2:1 ratio). Each anxiety disorder is diagnosed only when the symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance/medication or to another medical condition or are not better explained by another mental disorder.
The chapter is arranged developmentally, with disorders sequenced according to the typical age at onset. The individual with separation anxiety disorder is fearful or anxious about separation from attachment figures to a degree that is developmentally inappropriate. There is persistent fear or anxiety about harm coming to attachment figures and events that could lead to loss of or separation from attachment figures and reluctance to go away from attachment figures, as well as nightmares and physical symptoms of distress. Although the sympt.
General anxiety disorder (GAD) presentationDryogeshcsv
Subtopics are introduction, etiology, clinical feature, DSM 5, Differential diagnosis, treatment.
presented in american university of Barbados by Yogesh Vishwakarma.
lecture 12 from a college level introduction to psychology course taught Fall 2011 by Brian J. Piper, Ph.D. (psy391@gmail.com) at Willamette University, includes DSM-IV TR psychiatric disorders including Post-traumatic stress disorder, phobias, Generalized Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, anterior cingulate
This presentation contains details about generalized anxiety disorder, its symptoms and etiology along with effective treatment measure. This is for academic purpose.
A mental health disorder characterised by feelings of worry, anxiety or fear that are strong enough to interfere with one's daily activities.
The term "anxiety disorder" refers to specific psychiatric disorders that involve extreme fear or worry, and includes generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder and panic attacks, agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, selective mutism, separation anxiety, and specific phobias.
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is marked by excessive exaggerated anxiety and worry about every day life events for no obvious reason.People with GAD tend to always expect disaster and can't stop worrying about health,family,work or school.
What is Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Definition of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Classification of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Clinical manifestation of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Risk factors and investigations of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Medications and therapies for Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD),
Anxiety disorders include disorders that share features of excessi.docxYASHU40
Anxiety disorders include disorders that share features of excessive fear and anxiety and related behavioral disturbances. Fear is the emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat, whereas anxiety is anticipation of future threat. Obviously, these two states overlap, but they also differ, with fear more often associated with surges of autonomic arousal necessary for fight or flight, thoughts of immediate danger, and escape behaviors, and anxiety more often associated with muscle tension and vigilance in preparation for future danger and cautious or avoidant behaviors. Sometimes the level of fear or anxiety is reduced by pervasive avoidance behaviors. Panic attacks feature prominently within the anxiety disorders as a particular type of fear response. Panic attacks are not limited to anxiety disorders but rather can be seen in other mental disorders as well.
The anxiety disorders differ from one another in the types of objects or situations that induce fear, anxiety, or avoidance behavior, and the associated cognitive ideation. Thus, while the anxiety disorders tend to be highly comorbid with each other, they can be differentiated by close examination of the types of situations that are feared or avoided and the content of the associated thoughts or beliefs.
Anxiety disorders differ from developmentally normative fear or anxiety by being excessive or persisting beyond developmentally appropriate periods. They differ from transient fear or anxiety, often stress-induced, by being persistent (e.g., typically lasting 6 months or more), although the criterion for duration is intended as a general guide with allowance for some degree of flexibility and is sometimes of shorter duration in children (as in separation anxiety disorder and selective mutism). Since individuals with anxiety disorders typically overestimate the danger in situations they fear or avoid, the primary determination of whether the fear or anxiety is excessive or out of proportion is made by the clinician, taking cultural contextual factors into account. Many of the anxiety disorders develop in childhood and tend to persist if not treated. Most occur more frequently in females than in males (approximately 2:1 ratio). Each anxiety disorder is diagnosed only when the symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance/medication or to another medical condition or are not better explained by another mental disorder.
The chapter is arranged developmentally, with disorders sequenced according to the typical age at onset. The individual with separation anxiety disorder is fearful or anxious about separation from attachment figures to a degree that is developmentally inappropriate. There is persistent fear or anxiety about harm coming to attachment figures and events that could lead to loss of or separation from attachment figures and reluctance to go away from attachment figures, as well as nightmares and physical symptoms of distress. Although the sympt.
What are the Symptoms of Anxiety disorderShivaniPadole
Experiencing intermittent anxiety disorder is a normal part of life. However, people with anxiety disorders frequently experience intense, excessive, and pervasive anxiety and worry about everyday events. Anxiety disorders typically present as recurrent, brief bouts of intense anxiety, fear, or terror that are accompanied by panic attacks. These sensations of frenzy and uneasiness can keep going for quite a while, are challenging to control, messed up with regards to the genuine danger, and disrupt day to day exercises. You might avoid places or situations to avoid these feelings. Side effects might begin during youth or the high schooler years and go on into adulthood. Tension issues incorporate summed up uneasiness jumble, social anxiety disorder (social fear), explicit fears, and separation anxiety disorder. Multiple anxiety disorders are treatable. Anxiety can arise from a condition that needs treatment.
This topic is meant for the study purpose, for the final year undergraduate Physiotherapy students, who are studying under The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University (Govt University).
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
1. WhatisGeneralizedAnxietyDisorder(GAD)?
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a mental health <
https://www.vedangclinic.com/ayurvedic-healing-therapies-for-mental-health/>
condition that causes dread, worry, and overwhelm. Excessive, persistent, and
unreasonable concern over everyday events characterizes it. This activity teaches how
to assess and treat generalized anxiety disorder and the role of the interprofessional
team in the treatment of these patients.
Fear is an innate neurophysiological state of alarm marked by a fight or flight reaction
in response to a cognitive assessment of current or impending danger (real or
perceived). Anxiety is related to fear and manifests as a future-oriented mood state,
including a complex cognitive, affective, physiological, and behavioral response
system that anticipates threatening events or conditions. This activity examines the
pathophysiology of anxiety, its symptoms, and diagnosis, as well as the
interprofessional team’s role in its treatment.
2. One of the most common mental disorders is generalized anxiety disorder <
https://www.vedangclinic.com/6-powerful-ayurveda-methods-to-heal-anxiety/> .
Up to 20% of people are afflicted by anxiety problems each year. Generalized anxiety
disorder is characterized by fear, worry, and a continual feeling of being overwhelmed.
Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by uncontrollable, excessive, and
irrational worry over recurring events. This anxiety could be over various things,
including money, family, health, and the future. It’s overbearing, difficult to manage,
and frequently accompanied by a slew of nonspecific psychological and physical
symptoms. The core aspect of generalized anxiety disorder is excessive worry.
Fear is an innate neurophysiological state of alarm marked by a fight or flight
reaction in response to a cognitive assessment of current or impending danger
(real or perceived). Anxiety is related to fear and manifests as a future-oriented
mood state, including a complex cognitive, affective, physiological, and
behavioral response system that anticipates threatening events or conditions.
When there is an overestimated perceived threat or an incorrect assessment of
danger in a scenario, pathological anxiety creates excessive and inappropriate
behaviors. Anxiety is one of the most prevalent psychiatric diseases, although its
exact prevalence is unknown because many people do not seek treatment or
professionals fail to diagnose it.
3. Between 13 and 19, nearly one out of every four children suffers from anxiety. The
average age of onset is eleven years. However, in teenage children aged 13 to 19, the
lifetime prevalence of a severe anxiety condition is around 6%. Among those under the
age of 19, the prevalence ranges from 5.7 percent to 12.8 percent. Women have a
prevalence rate that is approximately double that of men.
Anxiety is one of the most prevalent psychiatric diseases in the general population.
Specific phobias are the most common, with a prevalence rate of 12.1% over 12
months. The most frequent anxiety condition is a social anxiety disorder, with a
prevalence rate of 7.4 percent over 12 months. With a 12-month incidence rate of 2.5
percent, agoraphobia is the least common anxiety illness. With a roughly 2:1 ratio,
females are more likely than males to suffer from anxiety disorders.
Norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid are critical
anxiety mediators in the central nervous system (GABA). However, most
symptoms are mediated by the autonomic nervous system, particularly the
sympathetic nervous system.
4. The exact mechanism isn’t well understood. However, anxiety in adolescents is a
common occurrence. Stranger anxiety usually appears between the ages of seven and
nine months. The body’s response to stress seems to be influenced by noradrenergic,
serotonergic, and other neurotransmitter systems. The serotonin and noradrenergic
systems are two major pathways that have a role in anxiety. Its development, according
to many, is caused by decreased serotonin system activity and increased noradrenergic
system activity. As a result, the first-line treatments are selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRI) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI).
Because somatic symptoms are more common than psychologic symptoms, diagnosing
patients with anxiety can be difficult. Most patients complain of vague or nonspecific
somatic symptoms such as shortness of breath, palpitations, fatigue, headaches,
dizziness, and restlessness. Some of the psychological symptoms that patients may
describe are excessive, nonspecific anxiety and worry, emotional lability, difficulties
concentrating, and insomnia <
https://www.vedangclinic.com/panchakarma/#shirodhara> .
The amygdala is responsible for regulating fear and anxiety. The amygdala
reaction to anxiety stimuli has been heightened in patients with anxiety
disorders. Prefrontal cortical regions are related to amygdala and limbic system
structures, and psychological <
https://www.vedangclinic.com/panchakarma/#shiropichu> or pharmaceutical
therapies can rectify prefrontal-limbic activation imbalances.
5. Avoiding threat cues or situations; escaping, fleeing; pursuing safety, reassurance;
restlessness, agitation, pacing; hyperventilation; freezing, unmoving; and difficulties
speaking are some of the behavioral signs.
Some of the affective symptoms are nervous, tense, coiled up; frightened, fearful,
terrified; edgy, jumpy, jittery; and impatient, frustrated.
Fear of losing control; fear of physical injury or death; fear of being judged
negatively by others; frightening thoughts, mental images, or memories;
perception of unreality or detachment; poor concentration, confusion, and
distractibility; narrowing of attention, hypervigilance for threat; poor memory;
and difficulty speaking are all cognitive symptoms.
Some of the physiological symptoms are shortness of breath, rapid breathing,
chest pain or pressure, choking sensation, dizziness, light-headedness, sweaty,
hot flashes, chills, nausea, upset stomach, diarrhea, trembling, shaking, tingling,
or numbness in arms and legs, weakness, instability, faintness, tense muscles,
rigidity, and dry mouth.
6. AnxietydisordersarelistedintheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualof
MentalDisordersasfollows:
Individuals with specific phobias are terrified of or apprehensive about particular
things or situations, which they avoid or endure with severe fear or worry. Fear,
anxiety, and avoidance are almost always instantaneous and out of proportion to the
real threat posed by the object or circumstance. Animal, blood-injection-injury, and
situational phobias are among the most common forms of phobias.
Separation Anxiety Disorder: When a person is separated from attachment
figures, they experience anxiety and terror out of character for their age and
developmental level. There is a persistent and excessive fear or anxiety about
attachment figures being harmed, lost, or separated. Nightmares and bodily
discomfort are among the symptoms. Although the symptoms first appear in
childhood, they might persist throughout the lifespan.
A person with selective mutism refuses to speak in social situations where
speaking is expected. However, they can communicate in other cases and
understand what is being said. Young children are more likely to develop the
disease than teenagers and adults.
7. Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is characterized by a solid or constant worry or anxiety
in social circumstances where one might be scrutinized. In such cases, the individual is
concerned that people will negatively evaluate them. They also fear being humiliated,
rejected, or offended by others. These events invariably cause fear or anxiety, and they
are avoided or endured with anxiety and trepidation.
People who have this disorder have recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and are
constantly worried about having another panic attack. They also experience
maladaptive changes in their behavior associated with panic attacks, such as avoiding
activities and circumstances to avoid panic episodes. Panic attacks are brief bursts of
overwhelming fear or discomfort. These are accompanied by physical and cognitive
symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, shortness of breath, fear of going insane, or
dread of dying. Panic attacks can strike without warning and with no apparent cause.
In addition, they might strike when you least expect them, such as in response to a
dreaded object or situation.
People with this disorder are afraid and nervous when they are in two or
more of the following situations:
Taking public transit
Being in open areas