Academic writing is a formal style of writing used in academic contexts to communicate information to peers. It is characterized by precision, structure, and support from evidence and citations. The document lists common types of academic writing like essays, research reports, theses, and dissertations. It emphasizes writing for the intended audience, with a clear purpose and message. Academic writing is explicit, supported, unbiased, and follows conventions of formal language.

1. Presented By: Haseen Ullah Atif Muhammad
Roll No: 14 16

2. What is Academic Writing?
• Academic writing is a form of language used by people
who communicate within an academic context using a written
means.
• Such a context is formal in terms of relationships, expectations,
thinking, performance, creativity, and competition among peers.
• It is different from other Types of writing such as Creative writing and
Journalistic writing due to its Distinct content and format.

3. list of documents where academic
writing is used
• Book reviews
• Essays
• Research report
• Research proposal
• Scientific paper
• Academic journal
• Dissertation and Thesis - These are written to obtaining an advanced degree at
a college or university.
• Abstract - This is a short summary of a long document.

4. How to write Successfully The Academic
Writing Situation
Who’s your audience?
• Primarily the professor and possibly your classmates (though you may be asked to
include a secondary outside audience).
What’s the occasion or context?
• An assignment given by the teacher within a learning context and designed to have
you learn and demonstrate your learning.
What’s your message?
• It will be your learning or the interpretation gained from your study of the subject
matter.
What’s your purpose?
• To show your learning and get a good grade (or to accomplish the goals of the writing
assignment).
What documents/genres are used?
• The essay is the most frequent type of document used.

5. Characteristics of Academic Writing
Formal
• Academic writing is formal in terms of vocabulary used.
• It means that colloquial expressions, abbreviated forms of verbs, contractions, racial terms,
idioms, and emotional language should be generally avoided.
Explicit
• Academic writing is explicit in relation to the message communicated and the connections
among the parts of the text.
• You write to express ideas, not to entertain or impress.
• Be sure of saying what you intend to say.
• Sentences must be connected in a clear way by means of signal words and phrases that show
the logical organization of texts (words like “therefore” and phrases like “for example”).

6. Cont.
Precise
• Sentences, terms, dates, figures, and data must be precise and texts must be focused.
• Avoid general expressions like “a lot of people”, “many things”, etc.
• Be sure of the meaning of a word before using it.
• Be sure of having a clear focus for each paragraph
Structured
• Essays, study reports, and thesis or dissertations have specific structures.
• That fact assures that information is presented in a logical way and that ideas can be
developed clearly and function as a unit.
• Follow the structure that characterizes each type of academic text.

7. Cont.
Responsible
In academic writing, you are responsible of:
• providing evidence to support your claims
• managing information ethically
• understanding sources deeply
Supported
• Academic writing is characterized by acknowledging sources used to develop your own
views or ideas.
• Plagiarism is considered a severe academic crime.

8. Cont.
Unbiased
• Academic writing intends to inform or to produce reasonably persuasive arguments.
• You try to convince using arguments that can be evaluated.
• To achieve such a goal, you need to use language and arguments that express neutrality.