english

1. Presented By: Haseen Ullah Atif Muhammad
Roll No: 14 16

2. What is Academic Writing?
• Academic writing is a form of language used by people
who communicate within an academic context using a written
means.
• Such a context is formal in terms of relationships, expectations,
thinking, performance, creativity, and competition among peers.
• It is different from other Types of writing such as Creative writing and
Journalistic writing due to its Distinct content and format.

3. list of documents where academic
writing is used
• Book reviews
• Essays
• Research report
• Research proposal
• Scientific paper
• Academic journal
• Dissertation and Thesis - These are written to obtaining an advanced degree at
a college or university.
• Abstract - This is a short summary of a long document.

4. How to write Successfully The Academic
Writing Situation
Who’s your audience?
• Primarily the professor and possibly your classmates (though you may be asked to
include a secondary outside audience).
What’s the occasion or context?
• An assignment given by the teacher within a learning context and designed to have
you learn and demonstrate your learning.
What’s your message?
• It will be your learning or the interpretation gained from your study of the subject
matter.
What’s your purpose?
• To show your learning and get a good grade (or to accomplish the goals of the writing
assignment).
What documents/genres are used?
• The essay is the most frequent type of document used.

5. Characteristics of Academic Writing
Formal
• Academic writing is formal in terms of vocabulary used.
• It means that colloquial expressions, abbreviated forms of verbs, contractions, racial terms,
idioms, and emotional language should be generally avoided.
Explicit
• Academic writing is explicit in relation to the message communicated and the connections
among the parts of the text.
• You write to express ideas, not to entertain or impress.
• Be sure of saying what you intend to say.
• Sentences must be connected in a clear way by means of signal words and phrases that show
the logical organization of texts (words like “therefore” and phrases like “for example”).

6. Cont.
Precise
• Sentences, terms, dates, figures, and data must be precise and texts must be focused.
• Avoid general expressions like “a lot of people”, “many things”, etc.
• Be sure of the meaning of a word before using it.
• Be sure of having a clear focus for each paragraph
Structured
• Essays, study reports, and thesis or dissertations have specific structures.
• That fact assures that information is presented in a logical way and that ideas can be
developed clearly and function as a unit.
• Follow the structure that characterizes each type of academic text.

7. Cont.
Responsible
In academic writing, you are responsible of:
• providing evidence to support your claims
• managing information ethically
• understanding sources deeply
Supported
• Academic writing is characterized by acknowledging sources used to develop your own
views or ideas.
• Plagiarism is considered a severe academic crime.

8. Cont.
Unbiased
• Academic writing intends to inform or to produce reasonably persuasive arguments.
• You try to convince using arguments that can be evaluated.
• To achieve such a goal, you need to use language and arguments that express neutrality.