This document provides guidance on how to write an abstract for an academic paper. It begins by defining an abstract as a short summary of the entire paper, typically a single paragraph that describes the paper's purpose, key findings, and conclusions. Next, it explains that an abstract is important because it allows readers to quickly understand a paper's relevance. The document then offers tips for writing an abstract, including finishing the paper first, deciding on a format, considering the target audience, choosing an appropriate abstract type, and ordering and proofreading the information. Finally, it provides things to remember, such as avoiding jargon, references, and misleading claims, and instead focusing on key terms and a general overview.

2. Introduction
“How to write an abstract?”-this is what a student
wonders when he/she has to compose an academic
paper which requires the inclusion of an abstract. Even
though this part is short in length, it holds immense
importance as it assists the readers to have an
understanding of the document. Writing a precise and
brief description of the whole paper may seem quite
confusing and tricky.
Let us at first get some idea about this important part of
academic writing.

3. What is Abstract?
It is generally a short summary of the whole paper
and is usually written in a single paragraph. Here,
mainly the key facets of the document are portrayed
including the type of the paper, the purpose of the
conducted research, the studied problems, the design,
findings etc.

4. What is the Significance of an
Abstract?
An abstract is important because it shows the readers
if this piece of writing will serve to fulfill their purpose
of studying the subject. The quality of the abstract
decides whether any reader will go further with the
paper or not. Thus, the main goal of any writer would
be to make the abstract useful for the readers. So,

5. How do Write
an Abstract?

6. Finish your Paper- You have to complete writing your
document first. The most common mistake that any
student does is confusing abstract with the
introduction. But, both are completely different. The
abstract comes before the introduction and is like an
overview of the entire paper. So, you need to write
the full assignment first to understand the key points
which you will be highlighting in the abstract.

7. Decide on the format you will follow- You must go
through the instructions carefully to learn the
requirements and any particular guideline that you
need to follow. You have to decide what kind of style
you will use, what will be the length etc. You should
aim at making it more interesting and appealing to
the reader.

8. Consider who your target reader is- While writing an
abstract you need to take the needs of your readers
into account. Thus, you have to think about who will
read your paper and what they are looking for. And
based on the readers, the style and structure of your
abstract will change.

9. Find the suitable kind of abstract- There are many
kinds of abstracts, which are appropriate for different
types of papers. So, you have to determine which one
you will use for your document.

10. Informative- This is most commonly used type of
abstract. Here, the study done in the paper is not
assessed or critiqued and it is also not simply
described. It is like a substitute of the main study
work. Here, the chief points including the findings
and future suggestions are all incorporated. The
length of this abstract type is usually a single
paragraph or not more than 300 words.

11. Critical- In this type, along with the key information of
the study, an evaluation concerning its
comprehensiveness, trustworthiness, and strength is
provided. Since an extra analysis is presented, these
abstracts become a little longer like 400-500 words.

12. Highlight- The purpose of these abstracts is to attract
the readers. In order to seize their interest, often
incomplete and catchy remarks are used. However,
this type is not usually used for academic writing
because these abstracts cannot stand on its own for
the written document.

13. Descriptive- The kind of information presented in the
paper is pointed out in a descriptive abstract. Here,
the procedures, goal, and scope of the study are
incorporated but the findings or conclusions are
excluded. It basically describes the research or the
study done in the paper. The length is normally very
small and may consist of more or less 100 words.

14. Write the information in the correct order- You have
to write the abstract following the correct manner
and the information must be laid out in the right
order.
 At first, you have to mention why the study was
conducted and why this paper will seem
interesting to the readers.
 Then, you must present the main issue that has
been addressed in this study to find a solution to
it. Along with this, the extent of the study, the
principal arguments, as well as, the thesis need to
be mentioned.

15.  After that, you need to write down the method,
which has been utilised in the study. Particular
approaches or the various sorts of evidence
utilised in the paper, can be described.
 Following this, include the particular findings or
data to give a general view of the result of the
research conducted in the paper.
 Finally, you have to point out how this work brings
value to the particular field of study. If the finding
of your research can contribute to any further
application also needs to be mentioned.

16. This order or the components may vary from one
abstract to another one. So, you have to adjust it
according to the type of paper you are writing.
Proofread and edit it- Do not consider the first draft
as the final abstract. Because this part of an academic
writing is so important, you have to invest more time
into it. Revise it multiple times, ensure there are no
grammatical, typing or syntactical mistakes in it, and
see if everything you have written making sense.
After editing, you must have a comprehensible, clear-
cut, brief and complete outline or summary of the
paper.

17. Things to Remember While
Writing an Abstract
There are some things that you must keep in mind at
the time of writing your abstract:
 Do not include any long information concerning
the background of the study.
 You should not be very specific in the abstract and
give explanations of every term or points
mentioned. You should only provide a general
overview of the whole paper.
 Avoid using any illustrations, tables, pictures, etc.
or even any reference to them.

18.  Do not utilise any jargon or difficult language as the
reader may find it difficult and confusing to
understand.
 Do include key terms and phrases that any reader
interested in this area may use to find an article on
this topic.
 Avoid the use of references, other documents or
studies by different writers.
 Give useful information since the abstract is supposed
to guide your reader to an article that they need.
 Do not use misleading references or information just
to attract readers. Use only the information that has
been incorporated in the paper.

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