What Is a Processor
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What is a processor? This is the question we are going to answer in this presentation. You do not need to have deep knowledge of computer science as the examined topic is covered rather casually. The presentation also contains a lot of illustrative pictures. I gave the presentation at the Faculty of Science of Masaryk University in 2018 within the F5090 Electronics course.
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This document provides an overview of computer components and software. It discusses the basic definition of a computer and its ability to accept data as input, process that data, and produce information as output. It then describes different types of computers based on size and application, including microcomputers, mini computers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers. The rest of the document details the major internal and external hardware components of a computer, including central processing unit, memory, storage devices, input devices like keyboard and mouse, and output devices like monitors. It also discusses different types of computer software, distinguishing between system software like operating systems, and application software.
Threads and processes
Threads and processes are abstractions of execution units that differ in how they share resources. The key differences are that threads share memory and file descriptors by default, while processes do not. Underneath, both are created using the clone() system call but with different flags. Whether to use threads or processes depends on the specific workload and how system calls like malloc(), read/write, and setreuid() are implemented at the OS level. Understanding these implementation details is important for choosing the best approach.
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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Chapter 6
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What Is a Processor
- 1. What Is a Processor Dominik Salvet github.com/dominiksalvet
- 2. Computer - Examples ● personal computer (PC)
- 3. Computer - Examples ● personal computer (PC)
- 4. Computer - Examples ● personal computer (PC) ● mobile phone
- 5. Computer - Examples ● personal computer (PC) ● mobile phone ● notebook
- 6. Computer - Examples ● personal computer (PC) ● mobile phone ● notebook ● tablet
- 7. Computer - Examples ● personal computer (PC) ● mobile phone ● notebook ● tablet ● microcontroller
- 8. Computer - Examples ● personal computer (PC) ● mobile phone ● notebook ● tablet ● microcontroller ● and others
- 9. Computer - Definition ● basically it is a big machine
- 10. Computer - Definition ● basically it is a big machine ● formally it is an equivalent of a Turing machine (nearly)
- 11. Computer - Definition ● basically it is a big machine ● formally it is an equivalent of a Turing machine (nearly) ● practically it is a processor and memory
- 12. Memory (RAM) ● imagine a big, actually a very big table 0 data0 1 data1 2 data2 3 data3 4 data4 5 data5 6 data6 … … 4294967294 data4294967294 4294967295 data4294967295 Address Data
- 13. Data in Memory ● naturally stored in binary form
- 14. Data in Memory ● naturally stored in binary form ● can represent one pixel of your opened photo
- 15. Data in Memory ● naturally stored in binary form ● can represent one pixel of your opened photo ● or some text you are reading
- 16. How a Processor Uses Memory ● store data (write)
- 17. How a Processor Uses Memory ● store data (write) ● load data (read)
- 18. How a Processor Uses Memory ● store data (write) ● load data (read) ● communicate with input and output devices
- 19. Processor (CPU) - Basic Concepts ● memory
- 20. Processor - Basic Concepts ● memory ● instruction word (instruction)
- 21. Processor - Basic Concepts ● memory ● instruction word (instruction) ● program (application, software)
- 22. Processor - Basic Concepts ● memory ● instruction word (instruction) ● program (application, software) ● arithmetic-logic unit (ALU)
- 23. Processor - Basic Concepts ● memory ● instruction word (instruction) ● program (application, software) ● arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) ● control unit
- 24. Processor - Life Cycle
- 25. Processor Brands ● PC, notebook ● Intel ● AMD x86, amd64 (x86/64)
- 26. Processor Brands ● PC, notebook ● Intel ● AMD ● mobile phone, tablet ● Samsung ● Qualcomm ● MediaTek ● ... x86, amd64 (x86/64) ARM (designed by Arm Holdings)
- 27. Today's Processor Parameters ● transistor count: ~1,500,000,000 ● size of transistor: 10 nm - 45 nm ● clock frequency: ~3 GHz ● instructions per clock cycle: ~6 ● number of cores: 2 - 8 ● (memory capacity: 4 GB - 16 GB)
- 28. Questions? Dominik Salvet I do not own copyright to images.