Properties of Matter Science 4

3. 1. States (solid,
liquid and
gas)
2. Mass
3. Volume
4. Density
1. Flammability
2. Corrosion
1. Brittleness
2. Bouyancy
3. Ductility
4. Elasticity
5. Flexibility
6. Hardness
7. Malleability
8. Porosity
9. Solubility
10.Tenacity

4. It has two classes: Physical and Chemical Properties
refer to the characteristics that you can observe in an
object without having to change its composition.
refer to the observable chemical composition of an
object. They tell how the object can change into a new material.

5. PHYSICAL PROPERTY
1. STATES OF MATTER
There are three states in matter.
A. Solid
has definite size and shape.
The molecules are arranged very closely. The arrangement prevents the molecules
from moving. Ex: books, pencil, eraser, etc.
Has definite weight. To identify the weight of a solid, using a weighing scale is
needed. (cotton are light, big machines are heavy)
Has definite volume. Ex: books and pencil occupies space.
Solid molecules

6. PHYSICAL PROPERTY
1. STATES OF MATTER
There are three states in matter.
B. Liquid
Does not have definite size and shape.
It takes the shape of a container.
Molecules are close together. The molecules move around slowly. Ex: water, sauce
Occupies space and can be measure using droppers, measuring cups, beakers, and
cylinder.
Has definite volume and weight.
Liquid
molecules

7. PHYSICAL PROPERTY
1. STATES OF MATTER
There are three states in matter.
C. Gas
Does not have definite size, shape, and volume.
It takes the shape of a container.
Molecules are arranged wide apart. They able to move around and fill the shape of a
container.
Cannot be seen but can feel or smell. Example: air (oxygen that we breath in)
Gas molecules

8. 2. MASS
It is the measure of the amount of matter in an object.
Mass is different from weight. Because weight is depends to gravity or
refers to the amount of force acting on an object due to gravity.
The gravity on Moon is lesser than the Earth, that is the reason why the
weight of a person in the moon is 1/6 the weight you have on Earth. But
the mass stays or remains the same.

9. 2. VOLUME
Amount of space that a material occupies.
To solve the volume of regularly shaped solid, measure its length
(l), width (w), and height (h) with a ruler. Then multiply them
v = l x w x h
Example:

10. 2. VOLUME
For irregularly shaped solid like stone, we will use
DISPLACEMENT METHOD. In this method, we need water and
beaker or graduated cylinder.
15 25
10
- Subtract them together to get the volume
of the block.
- Volume final – volume initial = volume of the
solid
From the example:
Volume final – volume initial = volume of the
solid
25 mL – 15 mL = 10 mL

11. 3. DENSITY
It is the measure of how solid an object is. Heavy objects has molecules
that are closely packed and light object are not packed closely each other.
Example: From the sample picture at the left.
• Image C is the most dense of them
all since it sink down the water.
• Image B is more dense than image
A.
• Image A is the less dense of them
all since it floats in the water.

12. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
1. FLAMMABILITY
Property of an object turning into ashes.
Example:
1. burning a paper
2. building on fire
3. burning leaves or logs/wood

13. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
2. CORROSION
 damage on the material when exposed to different substances.
 the process of corroding metal, stone, or other materials.
Example is RUSTING.
When an iron or some metal exposed to water and
air for a long time, a rust is form or
an orange-colored and powdery material.