introduction to matter

1. MATTER
CHEMISTRY

3. MATTER
• Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
• What is mass? Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in a substance or object.
• Matter consists of two properties they are physical and chemical properties.
• Physical properties examples are odour, colour, solubility and melting and boiling point.
• Chemical properties include various chemical reactions of different substances with varied
chemicals.

6. MATTER AND ITS THREE STATES OF MATTER
• Matter includes three states of matter they are solids, liquids and gases.
• These states of matter have different types of characteristics which will be explained in the
further slide

7. SOLIDS AND ITS FEATURES
• In the before slide we can see the example of solids.
• We can say that they are closely packed and there is no intermolecular space.
• That means they have definite volume ,shape, not compressible and not diffusible.
• The intermolecular attraction is very strong in solids.
• The movement of particles in solids are about their position.
• Examples of solids are brick , book and etc.

9. LIQUIDS AND ITS FEATURES
• Liquids are shown in in the before slide they are occupying minimum spaces between them.
• They have a definite volume , no definite shape, slightly compressible and slightly diffusible.
• The intermolecular space between them are more than solids , the force of attraction is less
strong and they move in a continuous motion examples are juice, water etc.

11. GASES AND ITS FEATURES
• Gases are shown in the before slide.
• Gases occupy maximum space between them they don’t have definite shape or volume and
highly compressible and diffusible.
• The inter molecular space between them is maximum, the force of attraction is very weak in
gases and they move in random motion.

13. THE CHANGE OF STATE OF MATTER
• This method includes 4 operations they are melting , vaporization , condensation and
freezing.
• Melting means the conversion of solid into liquid , vaporization means water into water
vapour , condensation means water vapour to water and freezing means liquid into solid.
• Melting point means a solids melts into a liquid. [ m.p of ice = 0 degree Celsius.]
• Boiling point means a liquids start boiling . [ b.p of water is 100 degree Celsius.]

15. BROWNIAN MOVEMENT
• The random zig zag movement of particles suspended in air on water is called
Brownian movement.
• Among this three states of matter , Brownian movement is maximum in gases
since there is large space between them but in solids the space is minimum.

17. DIFFUSION.
• Diffusion is the intermingling of particles of two different
substances on their own, in solids particles do not diffuse while in
gases they diffuse rapidly

18. DIFFUSION

19. COHESIVE FORCE
• The inter particle forces of attraction between molecules or atom
of same substance is called cohesive force.

21. THANK YOU
DONE BY LAXMI ANANYA