Dr. Cable Green is the Director of Open Education at Creative Commons. He discussed open licensing and copyright in education. Some key points: - Creative Commons provides free open licenses that allow reuse and sharing of educational resources while still giving credit to creators. - Open Educational Resources (OER) are freely available teaching materials that can be reused, revised, remixed, and redistributed. OER save students and taxpayers money compared to expensive commercial textbooks. - Governments and universities should require that educational resources created with public funds be openly licensed so the public has access to what they paid for. Open licensing of textbooks and degree programs is growing to help lower costs. - The benefits of open education go

1. Dr. Cable Green
Director of Open Education
Creative Commons
cable@creativecommons.org
twitter: @cgreen
Open Licensing &
Copyright in Education

2. Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

4. Handwriting Printing Press Internet
Copying
a book
$1000s per copy $1s per copy $0.0001s per copy
Distributing
a book
$1000s per copy $1s per copy $0.0001s per copy

5. Internet
Enables
Copyright
Forbids

6. Open Educational Resources
Any kind of teaching materials –
textbooks, syllabi, lesson plans, videos,
readings, exams

7. Open Educational Resources
(1) Free and unfettered access, and
(2) Free copyright permissions to
download, modify and share

8. open ≈ free

9. free is assumed online

10. open > free

11. open = free + permissions

12. • Make and own copiesRetain
• Use in a wide range of waysReuse
• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise
• Combine two or moreRemix
• Share with othersRedistribute
The 5Rs

13. retain + redistribute =
download and share for free
revise + remix =
edit, improve, collaborate
reuse = formal and informal settings

14. retain is prerequisite
to revise and remix
watch out for publisher
“artificial scarcity” models

15. Cost to
Students
Permissions to
Teachers and
Students
Commercial Resources Expensive Restrictive
Library Resources Free Restrictive
Open Educational Resources Free 5Rs

17. Nonprofit organization
Open copyright licenses
Founded in 2001
Operates worldwide
Teams in 89 countries

19. Step 1: Choose Conditions
Attribution
ShareAlike
NonCommercial
NoDerivatives

20. Step 2: Receive a License

21. most freedom
least freedom
Not OER
OER

22. puts the “open” in OER

24. stateof.creativecommons.org

25. Open Education
Trends?

26. (1) Open Education
Licensing Policies

27. Current State:
• Governments and public
universities use public funds to
give grants / contracts for the
production of educational
resources.

28. What is the Problem?
• The default terms on those
publicly funded educational
resources is typically all rights
reserved copyright.

29. What is the Problem?
• Because these educational resources
are not openly licensed, the public
does not have access to the works it
funded with public money (i.e.,
taxpayers do not have access to the
works they paid for).

30. What is the Solution?
• Governments and public
universities require, in their
education grants / contracts, that
publicly funded educational
resources be openly licensed.

31. Publicly funded
resources should be
openly licensed
resources.

32. Be specific:
• open license requirement
• implementation
• follow-up

33. (2) Open Textbooks

36. USD$148M saved to date
+ USD$70M in 2016-2017

37. 65%
of students decided against buying a
required textbook because of cost
US PIRG Report, 2014
http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market

38. 50%
of students said that cost of
textbooks impacted how many and
which classes they took
US PIRG Report, 2014
http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market

39. 82%
of students felt they would do
significantly better in a course if
textbook was available for free
US PIRG Report, 2014
http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market

40. (3) Open Degrees

41. OER Degrees
• Tidewater, NOVA (2013)
• VCCS Zx23 – 23 colleges (2015)
• Achieving the Dream – 38 colleges (2016)
• California – 25 colleges (2016)

42. (4) Open Praxis /
Pedagogy

43. Increased efficiencies are the
least exciting thing about OER

44. “what does open allow me to do?”

45. Open Pedagogy
• People learn when they do things
• Copyright restricts what we’re allowed to do
• Open permits us to do new things
• How will doing new things impact learning? Will we
learn more? more deeply? more quickly? different
things?

46. (5) Cost: Not the
Main Motivation

47. Why Open Education?
• respond to the massification of higher education
• increase the the quality & effectiveness of teaching and
teaching materials and methods
• reach diverse type of learners (e.g. refugees)
• tool for internationalization (language, culture,
knowledge, context)
• build community within the country (e.g.OE Morocco
Declaration)

48. Join the CC
Open Education
Platform!
https://creativecommons.org/2017/09/05/invitation-join-cc-open-education-platform

49. OPEN EDUCATION @ CC
• Advocacy / awareness raising
• Mainstreaming OER, practices and policies
• Mentoring new leaders
• Co-leading the movement
• Creating new production & adoption models

50. 2017-18 PRIORITIES
Coordinating CCGN Open Education Platform.
focus = multinational activities / projects
Empowering new open edu & policy leaders through the CC
Certificates: Edu, Lib, Gov
Help governments, foundations and education systems create, adopt
and implement open education licensing policies.
Create turn-key service offerings that scale OER creation and
adoption.

52. Dr. Cable Green
Director of Open Education
Creative Commons
cable@creativecommons.org
twitter: @cgreen
Open Licensing &
Copyright in Education