Summit on College Affordability: OER
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This presentation discusses open educational resources (OER) and their benefits. OER are teaching and learning materials that can be freely used and modified. The presenter argues that adopting OER through entire degree programs (replacing all required textbooks with OER) can significantly improve affordability for students, increase student success rates, reinvigorate teaching methods, and achieve these benefits at scale across many students and institutions. The presentation cites research showing positive impacts of OER adoption on student outcomes like course completion rates and credits earned. It encourages moving beyond just swapping textbooks to fully leveraging the capabilities of OER, such as creating renewable assignments that students find valuable.
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Summit on College Affordability: OER
- 1. Solutions that Work: Open Educational Resources Dr. Richard Sebastian Director, OER Degree Initiative Achieving the Dream rsebastian@achievingthedream.org
- 2. Unless otherwise noted, this presentation is licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted from OER 101 presentation by David Wiley.
- 4. 4 Doggles
- 8. 8 WebTV
- 11. 11 Lawn Darts®
- 12. GOOD IDEAS THAT ARE SUCCESSFUL “The Sweet Spot”
- 14. Open Educational Resources (OER) “OER are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and re-purposing by others. Open educational resources include full courses, course materials, modules, textbooks, streaming videos, tests, software, and any other tools, materials, or techniques used to support access to knowledge.”
- 15. open = free + permissions
- 16. Open 1. Free and unfettered access 2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions
- 17. • Make and own a copyRetain • Use in a wide range of waysReuse • Adapt, modify, and improveRevise • Combine two or moreRemix • Share with othersRedistribute The 5Rs
- 19. open ≈ free
- 20. free is assumed online
- 23. The 5Rs • Make and own a copyRetain • Use in a wide range of waysReuse • Adapt, modify, and improveRevise • Combine two or moreRemix • Share with othersRedistribute retain is a prerequisite to revise and remix
- 24. Open Educational Resources 1. Free and unfettered access 2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions
- 25. openly licensed materials + internet
- 27. OER Adoption Replacing whatever was previously in the “Required Materials” section of your course syllabus with OER
- 28. High Impact OER Adoption 1. Improves affordability 2. Improves student success 3. Invigorates pedagogy 4. Does this all at scale
- 29. High Impact OER Adoption 1. Improves affordability 2. Improves student success 3. Invigorates pedagogy 4. Does this all at scale
- 31. Handwriting Printing Press Internet Copying a book $1000s per copy $1s per copy $0.0001s per copy Distributing a book $1000s per copy $1s per copy $0.0001s per copy Textbook Pricing in Context
- 32. Textbook Pricing in Context One Month Access to… Costs… Netflix – 20k Movies / TV Episodes $7.99 / month Spotify – 15M Songs $9.99 / month CourseSmart – 1 Biology Textbook $19.67 / month
- 33. High Impact OER Adoption 1. Improves affordability, 2. Improves student success, 3. Invigorates pedagogy, and 4. Does this all at scale
- 34. There is a direct relationship between textbook costs and student success 60%+ do not purchase textbooks at some point due to cost 35% take fewer courses due to textbook cost 31% choose not to register for a course due to textbook cost 23% regularly go without textbooks due to cost 14% have dropped a course due to textbook cost 2012 Florida Virtual Campus student survey
- 35. A Multi-Institutional Study of the Impact of Open Textbook Adoption on the Learning Outcomes of Post-secondary Students Fischer, Hilton, Robinson, and Wiley Journal of Computing in Higher Education (2015)
- 36. Participants • 4909 treatment • 11,818 control • 50 different undergraduate courses • 130 teachers • 10 institutions
- 37. Method Quasi-experimental design with: • Propensity score matched groups • Dependent variables: Completion; C or Better; Credits Enrolled This Term; Credits Enrolled Next Term • Independent variable: Textbook condition • 3 covariates: age, gender, and race
- 38. Journal of Computing in Higher Education (2015)
- 39. Credits Taken Semester OER Users Others Result Fall 13.29 11.14 t (8101) = 27.81 p < .01 Winter 10.71 9.16 F(1, 6440) = 154.08, p <.01 Journal of Computing in Higher Education (2015)
- 40. Improving Course Throughput Rates and Open Educational Resources: Results from the Z-Degree Program at Tidewater Community College Hilton, Fischer, Wiley, and Williams Accepted International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning
- 41. Course Throughput Rate IRRODL (in press) Drop Deadline Withdraw Deadline Final Grade Students
- 42. Commercial vs OER 2.3% | 1.8% 9.9% | 8.1% 68% | 74% (Face to Face) 60% | 66% Drop Withdraw C or Better CTR IRRODL (in press)
- 43. Commercial vs OER 4.0% | 1.4% 13.7% | 13.1% 66% | 70% (Online) 54% | 60% Drop Withdraw C or Better CTR IRRODL (in press)
- 46. Poverty Impedes Cognitive Function Mani, Mullainathan, Shafir, and Zhao Science (2013)
- 47. Study Design Participants • Shoppers in a New Jersey mall • Sugarcane farmers in India Test cognitive capacity during financial stress • Thinking through car repairs ($150 / $1500) • Before and after harvest
- 48. Results • Considering a financial decision affects people's performance on unrelated spatial and reasoning tasks. • Lower-income individuals performed poorly if the repairs were expensive but did fine if the cost was low. • Sugarcane farmers performed the same tasks better after harvest than before.
- 49. High Impact OER Adoption 1. Improves affordability, 2. Improves student success, 3. Invigorates pedagogy, and 4. Does this all at scale
- 50. 1. Don’t stop at the swap
- 53. Take advantage of the additional capabilities (5Rs)
- 54. 2. Use outcomes as outline
- 55. Outcome Assessment Resources License 1. Students will understand statistical test… 60 second explainer video URL 1 Video 1 CC BY CC BY 2. Students will analyze data… Govt data analysis URL 1 URL 2 CC BY CC BY SA 3. … … … … Create Alignment
- 56. 3. Rethink your assessments
- 57. “What does open allow me to do?”
- 58. Disposable Assignments Students hate doing them You hate grading them Huge wasted opportunity
- 59. US undergraduates spend approximately 40 million hours doing homework every year.
- 60. Renewable Assignments Students see value in doing them You see value in grading them The work is valuable
- 62. PM4ID
- 63. Renewable Assignments Are enabled by the open nature of OER
- 64. High Impact OER Adoption 1. Improves affordability, 2. Improves student success, 3. Invigorates pedagogy, and 4. Does this all at scale
- 65. OER-based Degrees When elective and required courses adopt OER so a student can graduate without ever being asked to buy a textbook
- 67. Achieving the Dream’s OER Degree Initiative Funded by The William & Flora Hewlett Foundation, The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Great Lakes Higher Education Commission, Speedwell, and Silent Hill
- 68. Achieving the Dream’s OER Degree Initiative Funding 38 community colleges to create OER degrees over 31 months Technical assistance: Lumen Learning Research evaluation: SRI Education & rpkGROUP Community of practice: Community College Consortium for OER (CCCOER)
- 69. In summary…
- 70. Open Educational Resources 1. Free and unfettered access 2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions
- 71. High Impact OER Adoption: 1. Improves affordability, 2. Improves student success, 3. Invigorates pedagogy, and 4. Does this all at scale
- 72. Thank you. Dr. Richard Sebastian Director, OER Degree Initiative Achieving the Dream rsebastian@achievingthedream.or g