Water pollution occurs when contaminants are released into water sources, degrading water quality for other uses. There are two main types of water pollution: surface water pollution which impacts oceans, rivers and lakes, and groundwater pollution which impacts underground sources. Various causes can lead to water pollution, including industrial and sewage waste, marine dumping, and underground storage leaks. Effects of water pollution include toxic water sources that harm both humans and animals, as well as increased waterborne diseases in humans. Individual actions like turning off water, proper fertilizer use, and cleanups can help reduce water pollution.