The document explains what a volcano is, detailing its structure and different types, including active, dormant, and extinct volcanoes. It highlights significant volcanoes, such as Mauna Loa and Olympus Mons, and discusses volcanic activity in India, particularly Barren Island. Additionally, it describes historical volcanic eruptions and provides a simple experiment to demonstrate a volcano eruption.

1. VOLCANO: BOOM.
Melted Rocks burst out of a volcano
Fiery Lava tumbling down the side,
Smoking & choking quickly, Misty murky steam
Burning trees, leaves, Houses and all the things.Presented By: Suchi Bansal
Bansal.shuchi@gmail.com

2. WHAT IS A VOLCANO?
A Volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock
(magma) below the Earth’s surface and hot lava, volcanic ash, gases escape
from a magma chamber to the surface of the Earth.
DID YOU KNOW?
Fresh lava ranges from 1,300° to 2,200° F (700° to 1,200° C) in
temperature and glows red hot to white hot as it flows.
Q. Why is Volcano called a Volcano?
The name "volcano" has its origin from the
name of Vulcan, a God of fire in Roman
mythology.
Q. Can volcanoes occur
under water?
Volcanoes can erupt under
water and form new islands
from the cooled lava.

4. •Extinct volcano is the one which has not
erupted for at least 10,000 years and is
not expected to erupt again in a
comparable time scale of the future.
•Dormant Volcano is the one that has not
erupted in last 2000 years but is supposed
to erupt again in the future.
•Volcano that has erupted in the recent
past and is likely to erupt again in the
future is called Active Volcano.
TYPES OF VOLCANO
ACTIVE, DORMANT AND EXTINCT VOLCANOES

5. WORLD’S LARGEST VOLCANO
MAUNA Loa: Hawai'i Big Island
• It is an active shield Volcano. It is also the highest mountain on earth.
• When measured from the base to the top, the pile of lavas measures more than 17,000 m.
• Mauna Loa is one of five subaerial volcanoes that make up the island of Hawaiʻi.
• It is constructed by countless lava flows. Lava eruptions from Mauna Loa are silica-poor
and very fluid, and they tend to be non-explosive.
• Mauna Loa's 1942 eruption occurred four months after the attack on Pearl Harbor and the
United States' entry into World War II. U.S. military planes dropped bombs in attempts to
divert the path of lava flows.

6. SOLAR SYSTEM’S LARGEST VOLCANO
OLYMPUS MONS: On MARS
• It is also the largest mountain of the solar system.
• Olympus Mons is a shield volcano that stands as tall as 26 km(26000 metres). That makes it
3 times the height of Mt. Everest.
• Olympus Mons is the result of many thousands of basaltic lava flows.
• The extraordinary size of the volcano is due to the lack of tectonic plate movement on
Mars. The lack of movement allows the Martian crust to remain fixed in place and so the lava
gets accumulated.

7. VolcanoNAME LOCATION STATE LAST ERUPTION TYPE
Barren Island Andaman Islands 2017 Active
Narcondam Andaman Islands 560 kyrs BP Dormant
Deccan Traps Maharashtra 66 mya(million Years ago) Extinct
Baratang Andaman Islands
Recent eruptions in 2005
major eruption on 18 February 2003
Mud Volcano
Dhinodhar Hills Gujarat Inactive Volcano Extinct
Dhosi Hill Haryana
732 Ma BP (million years before
present)
Extinct
Tosham Hills Haryana
732 Ma BP (million years before
present)
Extinct
VOLCANOES IN INDIA

8. •The first recorded eruption of the volcano
dates back to 1787.
•The 1991 eruption was particularly
harmful to the island's fauna. The report
found that the eruption had reduced the
number of bird species and their
population. The team only observed 6 of
the 16 known species of birds on the
island.
•Barren island is also the only
confirmed active volcano in South Asia.
•It is uninhabited by humans, though it has
a small population of goats, birds, bats and
a few rodent species such as rats survive
the harsh conditions of the Island.
•The waters surrounding Barren Island are
reputed to be among the world's top scuba
diving destinations.
Barren Island in the Andaman and Nicobar
islands has India’s only live volcano, erupting once
again in 2017 but small gas and ash eruptions were
also encountered in 2019,2020.

9. PACIFIC RING OF FIRE
The Ring of Fire is a major area in the Pacific Ocean where a large number
of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.
It has 452 volcanoes (more than 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes).
The Ring of Fire is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt.

10. DEADLIEST OCCURRENCES
KRAKATOA in INDONESIAIN 1883
• The eruption resulted in about 36000 deaths and devastating tsunami.
• It destroyed the island of Krakatoa.
MOUNTTAMBORAIN INDONESIAIN 1815
• The eruption resulted in 70000-90000 human deaths.
• All vegetation on the island was destroyed.
• Uprooted trees, mixed with pumice ash, washed into the sea
• It was so massive that it resulted in average global
temperature drop by around 1 Degree Celcius.
• Prior small eruptions followed by this massive eruption
made 1816 to be known as the Year Without a Summer. Now
that is something big!!!

11. LET’S MAKE
A VOLCANO
Take a 30”* 20”cardboard
and color it Green.
Step 1:

12. Take a plastic bottle and fix it
to the center of the board.
Make the paper balls and fix
it around the bottle.
Step 2:

13. Step 3:
Cover it with the
newspaper.

14. Step 4:
Cover the newspaper
with the tissue paper.

15. Step 5:
Color the tissue paper
with brown color and let
it dry.

16. Step 6:
Use Orange and black
color to give it a look of a
Volcano.

17. Our Volcanoes are ready.

18. • 1/4 cup water
• 1 cup vinegar
• 1/4 cup Liquid dish detergent
• 2 tablespoons baking soda
• Tissue
• Red or orange food color
LET’S LEARN HOW TO
ERUPT A VOLCANO
THINGS YOU'LL NEED:

19. STEP 1
• Take a glass and pour water into it. Add dish detergent and food color.
• Pour them into the volcano.

20. STEP 2
• Put the baking soda inside the volcano

21. STEP 3
• Whenever you want to erupt the volcano, pour the vinegar into the
volcano.

22. ENJOY THE
ERUPTION OF A VOLCANO

23. WORD
SEARCH
ACTIVITY

24. LABEL THE
DIAGRAM

25. SUCHI BANSAL
Fun With Science
bansal.shuchi@gmail.com
+919417925227
THANK YOU
If you liked the presentation,
please like and share.