This document discusses virtual machine creation and management topics including vNetwork, vStorage, vMotion, DRS, and high availability (HA). It covers virtual machine hardware configuration, the files that make up a virtual machine, VMware Tools, and virtual machine power options. It also summarizes storage protocols, thin and thick provisioning, methods for migrating virtual machines, and how vMotion and DRS work. Finally, it discusses HA features like protection at different availability levels, using NIC teaming or additional networks for redundancy, and how the HA cluster architecture functions with a master and slave agents.

1. Virtual Machine Creation & Management
vNetwork
vStorage
vMotion & DRS
High Availability (HA)
Topics

2. Virtual Machine
Virtual Machine Hardware
hardware
3D
1 IDE
controller
4 devices
up to 3
parallel ports
up to 4
serial/com ports
AHCI
controller
1 USB
controller
20 Devices
1 floppy controller
2 Devices
up to 10
NICs
15 devices
per adapter
up to
1TB of RAM
up to 4 SCSI
adapters
up to
64 vCPUs

3. New Virtual Machine
Configuration
• Typical or custom
Name and Location
Resource Pool
Datastore
Guest Operating System
Create a Disk
Ready to Complete

4. Files That Make Up a Virtual Machine
VM
folder
Configuration file (<VM_name>.vmx)
Swap files (<VM_name>.vswp)
(vmx-<VM_name>.vswp)
BIOS file (<VM_name>.nvram)
Log files (vmware.log)
Template file (<VM_name>.vmtx)
Raw device map file (<VM_name>-rdm.vmdk)
Disk descriptor file (<VM_name>.vmdk)
Disk data file (<VM_name>-flat.vmdk)
Suspend state file (<VM_name>.vmss)
Snapshot data file (<VM_name>.vmsd)
Snapshot state file (<VM_name>.vmsn)
Snapshot disk file (<VM_name>-delta.vmdk)

5. Features of Tools include:
Device drivers:
SVGA display
vmxnet/vmxnet3
Balloon driver for memory
management
Sync driver for quiescing I/O
Improved mouse
Time synchronization
Ability to shut down virtual machine
Adds additional choices to Perfmon DLL.
VMware Tools
VMware
Tools
icon
Install VMware Tools into the guest
operating system.

6. Virtual Machine Management
Virtual Machine Power Options
Power
•
•
•
•
Power On
Power Off
Suspend
Reset
VM Snapshot
Snapshot Actions
•
•
•
•
Take
Revert
Go to
Delete
Cloning
Template
Creating Templates
•
•
VM: clone to template
VM: convert to template

7. Virtual Machine Creation & Management
vNetwork
vStorage
vMotion & DRS
High Availability (HA)
Topics

8. VMware ESXi™ networking features allow the following:
Virtual machines to communicate with other virtual and physical machines
Management of the ESXi host
The VMkernel to access IP-based storage and perform VMware vSphere® vMotion®
migrations
Failure to properly configure ESXi networking can negatively affect virtual
machine management and storage operations.
Importance

9. A virtual network supports two types of virtual switches:
vNetwork standard switches:
Virtual switch configuration for a single host
vNetwork distributed switches:
Virtual switches that provide a consistent network configuration for virtual machines
as they migrate across multiple hosts ( DRS , vMotion)
Types of Virtual Switches
View within single host
Port
Groups
Physical
Adapters
l
SwitchVirtual Machine
Port Group
vmnic0
VMkernel Port
vmnic1
v
Virtua
Switc

10. A virtual switch allows the following connection types:
Virtual machine port groups
VMkernel port:
For IP storage, vSphere vMotion migration, VMware vSphere® Fault Tolerance
For the ESXi management network
Types of Virtual Switch Connections

11. Virtual Machine Creation & Management
vNetwork
vStorage
vMotion & DRS
High Availability (HA)
Topics

12. Storage Overview
storage
technology
datastore
types
FCoE iSCSI
Fibre
Channel
direct
attached
file
system
NAS
NFSVMware vSphere® VMFS
VMware
ESXi™
hosts

13. Storage Protocol Overview
Storage
Protocol
Supports
Boot from
SAN
Supports
VMware
vSphere®
vMotion®
Supports
VMware
vSphere®
High
Availability
Supports
VMware
vSphere®
Distributed
Resource
Scheduler™
(DRS)
Supports
Raw Device
Mapping
Fibre
Channel
● ● ● ● ●
FCoE ● ● ● ● ●
iSCSI ● ● ● ● ●
NFS ● ● ●
DAS ● ●
VMware
Virtual SAN
● ● ●

14. vNetworkvCompute
vStorage (Thin & Thick) Provisioning
...
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.......
.
.
-
..........
o
精簡
20GB 40GB 100GB
20GB
20GB
40GB
100GB
60GB
20GB
ESX

15. Virtual Machine Creation & Management
vNetwork
vStorage
vMotion & DRS
High Availability (HA)
Topics

16. Migration: Moving a virtual machine from one host or datastore to another host or
datastore. Types of migrations:
Cold: Migrate a virtual machine that is powered off.
Suspended: Migrate a virtual machine that is suspended.
vSphere vMotion: Migrate a virtual machine that is powered on.
vSphere Storage vMotion: Migrate a virtual machine’s files, while the virtual machine is
powered on, to another datastore.
Migrating Virtual Machines

17. Vmotion & DRS
• Relocate running VM from one datastore
to another datastore with zero downtime
Relocate across different storage types•
• Change VM disk format (thick or thin)
..-S
.
X
.
/
.
APP APP APP
OS OS OS

18. Virtual Machine Creation & Management
vNetwork
vStorage
vMotion & DRS
High Availability (HA)
Topics

19. Protection at Every Level

20. A highly available system is one that is continuously operational for an optimal
length of time.
High Availability
Level of Availability Downtime Per Year
99% 87 hours (3.5 days)
99.9% 8.76 hours
99.99% 52 minutes
99.999% 5 minutes
Which level of virtual
machine availability is
important to you?

21. You can use NIC teaming to create a redundant heartbeat network on ESXi hosts.
Ports or port groups that are used must be VMkernel ports.
Redundancy Using NIC Teaming
NIC Teaming on an ESXi Host

22. Redundancy Using Additional Networks
You can also create
redundancy by configuring
more heartbeat networks:
On each ESXi host, create a
second VMkernel port on a
separate virtual switch with its
own physical adapter.

23. Redundancy Using Additional ESXI (Hosts)
Every host runs an agent.
•
•
Referred to as (FDM) or Fault Domain Manager
One of the agents within the cluster is chosen to
assume the role of the Master
 There is only one Master per cluster during normal
operations
All other agents assume the role of Slaves
ESX 01 ESX 03
•
There is
concept
no more Primary/Secondary
with vSphere HA
ESX 02 ESX 04
vCenter

24. The End
Thank You