A talk given by Mark Bilinghurst on January 17th 2012 at the Christchurch Architecture Summer School about how to use Augmented Reality in Architecture and Urban Visualization, especially for the re
11. Limitations
Interface
Complex to use
Unintuitive interaction
2D display for 3D content
Context of Use
Remote visualization
Separation from the real world
Unable to show life-sized content
12. Augmented Reality
Combines Real and Virtual Images
- Both can be seen at the same time
Interactive in real-time
- Content can be interacted with
Registered in 3D
- Virtual objects appear fixed in space
25. Mobile AR - Hardware
GPS
Example self-built working
Antenna
solution with PCI-based 3D graphics
PCI 3D Graphics Board
Tracker
Controller
PC104 Sound Card
DC to DC
Wearable
Converter CPU
Computer
PC104 PCMCIA
Battery
GPS RTK Hard Drive
correction
Radio
Serial
Ports
Columbia Touring Machine
27. Real World Information Overlay
Tag real world locations
GPS + Compass input
Overlay graphics on live video
Applications
Travel guide, Advertising, etc
Eg: Layar (www.layar.com)
iPhone, Android based, Public API released
Other companies
Wikitude, Metaio, AcrossAir, Tochnidot, etc
29. 3DOn
Onsite Visualization Single Building
GPS + Compass input
Overlay graphics data on live video/Photos
30. HIT Lab NZ Outdoor AR Platform
Cross platform
Android, iPhone
3D onsite visualization
Intuitive user interface
Positions content in space
Camera, GPS, compass
Client/Server software architecture
Targeting museum guide/outdoor site applications
31.
32.
33. CityViewAR
Using AR to visualize Christchurch city buildings
3D models of buildings, 2D images, text, panoramas
AR View, Map view, List view
Available on Android market
34.
35. User Experience
While walking in the real world people can
see text, 2D images and 3D content on their
own phones
36. Interface Design (1/2)
Front face
Browsing Interface
Content
AR View
Detail View
Title Screen
Map View
Image Gallery
Instruction & List View
Panorama
Information
45. Survey Results
Use of AR improved the user experience
But no difference between AR and non-AR usefulness
Favourite features
AR and Panorama views most popular
Users also enjoyed having rich data available
Main Problems (50% reported no problems)
UI design not intuitive (24%)
System not responsive (16%)
46. Time Usage
Percentage time spent in different views
AR used more then 50% of time when available
47. Result - Distance Traveled
As a measure of active exploration
M=96.28 meters (SD=83.85, 0~315 meters)
Mann-Whitney U-test U = 167.00, p = 0.18
With AR
Without AR
48. Areas for Improvement
Outdoor AR tracking
Reduce tracking errors
User interface design
Make options more obvious
Make system more responsive
Some lag in loading content
Touch input
Responding to unintended touches
49. AR Urban Design Tool (2012)
CERA CCDU Application
Enhanced CityViewAR application
Add VR view mode
3D model viewing/interaction
Add concept models of buildings
Multiple buildings at single site
Client/Server architecture
Support for user generated feedback
62. Client/Server Architecture
Web Interface
Add models
Web application java
and php server
Android
application
Database server
Postgres
63. Web based Outdoor AR Server
Web interface
Showing POIs as
Icons on Google Map
PHP based REST API
XML based scene
data retrieval API
Scene creation and
modification API
Android client side
REST API interface
67. Leveraging Web 2.0
Content retrieval using HTTP
XML encoded meta information
KML placemarks + extensions
Queries
Based on location (from GPS, image recognition)
Based on situation (barcode markers)
Syndication
Community servers for end-user content
Tagging
AR client subscribes to data feeds
68. Conclusions
• AR allows for information overlay in place
• CityViewAR provides pre earthquake viewing
• Opportunities for on-going development
• Important research problems need to be solved
– Wide area tracking
– User experience
– Social networking
– Etc..
69. Collaborators
Jason Mills (PVI)
Panoramas, 3D models
Historic Places Trust
Pre-1950 building information
Christchurch City Council
Statements of Significance
CEISMIC
Digital content
70. More Information
• Mark Billinghurst
– mark.billinghurst@hitlabnz.org
• Website
– www.hitlabnz.org