The document provides an introduction to the Ayurvedic concept of Vyadhi (disease). It discusses the etymology and definitions of Vyadhi, as well as synonyms. Various classifications of Vyadhi are described based on factors like prognosis, intensity, location, causes, and site of origin. Single-fold, two-fold, and three-fold classifications are presented, differentiating types of Vyadhi according to these factors. The document serves as an overview of the fundamental Ayurvedic understanding of the nature and categories of disease.

1. INTRODUCTION OF VYADHI
Dr Akshay Shetty
Associate Professor
SSRAMC & H Inchal

2. CONTENTS
18/10/2023 INTRODUCTION OF VYADHI(Dr Akshay Shetty) 2
Objectives
Etymology of Vyadhi
Definition of Vyadhi
Synonyms of Vyadhi
Types of Vyadhi
Summary
References

3. OBJECTIVES
By the end of the presentation the learners must be able to--
• Quote etymology of Vyadhi
• Define vyadhi
• List the synonyms of Vyadhi
• Enlist types of Vyadhi
1
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4. ETYMOLOGY OF VYADHI
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
18/10/2023 4
The Sanskrit word vyadhi is formed by
the combination of three roots called
• “vi”, “aa” and “dha--ki”
The word means sickness,
disorder, disease, ailment, distress

5. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
विविधं दुःखमादधातीवत व्यावधुः I
Chakrapani Ca.Su 1/5
विविधमावधं-दुःखं, आदधावत शरीरे मनवि चेवत-व्यावधुः|
Arunadatta A.H Ni 1/1
Vyadhi is any kind of discomfort observed in the body and mind
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6. DEFINITION OF VYADHI
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
 तददुःखिंयोगा व्याधय उच्यन्ते ||२३||
Su. Su 1/23
The Group of discomfort is considered as Vyadhi
 दुःखं कायिाङ्मानिी पीडा |
 विविधं दुःखमादधतीवत व्याधयुः |
Dalhana,Su. Su 1/23
Discomfort is related to Physical (Grahani),Speech (Ardita) or Mental (Unmada)
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7. INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
 दोषदू ष्यिम्मूर्छ नाविशेषो ज्वरावदरूपो व्यावधुः, तत्कायाछचाराच्च्यादयुः I
Madukosha,Ma.Ni 1/7
Disease are the amalgamation of dosha and dushya in a Susecptible
body.
18/10/2023 7

8. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
 विकारो धातिैषम्यं, िाम्यं प्रक
ृ वतच्च्यते|
िखिञ्ज्ञकमारोग्यं, विकारो दुःखमेि च||४||
Ca.Su 9
 रोगास्त दोषिैषम्यं, दोषिाम्यमरोगता |२०|
A.H.Su 1
Disease is any disturbance in equilibrium of dhatus and on other side the state
of their equilibrium is health
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9. SYNONYMNS
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
• तत्र व्यावधरामयो गद आतङ्को यक्ष्मा ज्वरो विकारो रोग इत्यन्ाछन्तरम||५||
Ca.Ni 1
• रोगुः पाप्मा ज्वरो व्यावधविछकारो दुःखमामयुः|
यक्ष्मातङ्कगदाबाधाुः शब्ाुः पयाछयिावचनुः||१|| A.H Ni 1
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10. Charaka
Vyadhi
Amaya
Gada
Atanka
Yakshma
Jwara
Vikara
Roga
Vagbhata
Roga
Papma
Jwara
Vyadhi Vikara
Dukha
Amaya
Yakshma
Atanka
Gada
Abhada
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11. CONT…
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• The condition that causes deviation from the
normal physiological state of health of an
individual.
विविधं दुःखमादधातीवत व्यावधुः
• The word ‘amaya’ signifies the diseases originating
due to disturbances of digestion and accumulation
of ama
प्रायेणामिमत्थत्वेनामय इत्यच्यते
• The term indicated miserable condition causing
fear, terror, or distress
आतङ्क इवत दुःखयक्तत्वेन क
ृ च्छ्
र जी
िनं करोवत

12. CONT…
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यक्ष्मशब्ेन च राजयक्ष्मिदनेकरोगयक्तत्वं विकाराणां दशछयवत
• The term implies diseases characterized by a constellation of symptoms that occur
together
ज्वरशब्ेन च देहमनुःिन्तापकरत्वं
• The term implies the ability of a disease to cause anguish to the mind and body
विकारशब्ेन च शरीरमनिोरन्य्ाकरणत्वं
रोगशब्ेन च च्जाकतृछत्वम

13. CONT…
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पाप्मेवत वकल ििे रोगाुः पापस्य कमछणुः फलवमवत क
ृ त्वा पाप्मेत्यच्यते
The term signifies disease, originating from physical or mental sins of the individual in
a present or past life.
गद इि गदोऽनेककारणजन्यत्वात| य्ा वह गदोऽनेककारणजस्त्ा गदोऽपीवत गदशब्स्या्छुः
• Vyadhi is manifested due to exposure to multiple etiological factors like visa .

14. CONT..
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आबाध इवत आिमन्तात कायमनिोबाछधनं-
पीडेत्य्छुः
Physical and mental disturbance leads
to Physical and Mental symptoms.

15. SINGLE –FOLD CLASSIFICATION
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एकत्वं तािदेकमेि रोगानीक
ं , दुःखिामान्यात
Only one type of disease is based on similarity in causing pain
According to Kashyapa, pain (peeda kartuttva) common between all the
disease ,so Rogatva is a single type of disease.
Haarita stated Karmaja means disease occur due to man Karma which done
in past

16. TWO-FOLD CLASSIFICATION
द्वे रोगानीक
े भितुः प्रभािभेदेन- िाध्यम, अिाध्यं च; द्वे रोगानीक
े बलभेदेन-
मृद, दाच्णं च; द्वे रोगानीक
े अवधष्ठानभेदेन- मनोऽवधष्ठानं, शरीरावधष्ठानं च; द्वे
रोगानीक
े वनवमत्तभेदेन- स्वधातिैषम्यवनवमत्तम, आगन्तवनवमत्तं च; द्वे रोगानीक
े
आशयभेदेन- आमाशयिमत्थं, पक्वाशयिमत्थं चेवत| एिमेतत
प्रभािबलावधष्ठानवनवमत्ताशयभेदाद्दिैधं िद्भेदप्रक
ृ त्यन्तरेण वभद्यमानम्िाऽवप
िन्धीयमानं स्यादेकत्वं बहुत्वं िा| एकत्वं तािदेकमेि रोगानीक
ं , दुःखिामान्यात;
बहुत्वं त दश रोगानीकावन प्रभािभेदावदना भिन्तन्त; बहुत्वमवप िङ्खयेयं
स्यादिङ्खयेयं िा| तत्र िङ्खयेयं तािद्य्ोक्तमष्टोदरीये, अपररिङ्खयेयं
पनयछ्ा- महारोगाध्याये च्ग्वणछिमत्थानादीनामिङ्खयेयत्वात||३|| Ca.Vi 6
18/10/2023 INTRODUCTION OF VYADHI(Dr Akshay Shetty) 16

17. CONT..
Following are the two categories of diseases:
1. On the basis of Prognosis – i. Curables ii. Incurables
2. On the basis of Intensity - i. Mild ii. Severe
3.On the basis of Location - i. Physical ii. Mental
4.On the basis of Causes - i. Endogenous ii. Exogenous
5.On the basis of Origin - i. Digestive origin(Amashaya)
ii. Excretory(pakwashaya) origin
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18. CONT…
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As per the factors involved in pathogenesis [Cha. Sa. Vimana
Sthana 6/11]
1) Independent or primary disease (swatantra vyadhi/anubandhya)
having its etiology, symptoms, specific treatment.
2) Dependant or secondary disease (paratantra vyadhi/anubandha)
without an independent cause, symptoms, treatment, or manifested
due to other diseases

19. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
As per the status of nutrition [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 23]
1) Diseases due to overnutrition (santarpanajanya vyadhi)
2) Diseases due to undernutrition (apatarpanajanya vyadhi)
As per the treatment interventions [ Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 24/3]
1) Curable by medicines and purification procedures (snehadi kriya
sadhya)
2) Curable by surgical interventions (shastra sadhya)
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20. THREE-FOLD CLASSIFICATION
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
a) As per the nature of cause:
1) Endogenous disease (nija vyadhi): Diseases produced by the
intrinsic factors like vitiation of dosha
2) Exogenous diseases (agantu vyadhi): Diseases due to external
factors like trauma, infections, poisoning etc.
3) Mental disorders (manasa vyadhi)
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21. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
b) As per the fundamental cause [A. H. Sutra Sthana
12/58]
1) Due to aggravated dosha (Doshaja)
2) Due to evil deeds in the past life (Karmaja)
3) Due to both the above reasons (Doshakarmaja)
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22. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
18/10/2023 22
c) As per the site of origin
or pathways of disease:
1) Shakhagata (bahya roga marga):
Those occur in tissues like rakta
dhatu, mamsa dhatu , meda
dhatu, asthi dhatu,majja dhatu, shukra
dhatu and skin (twak)
2) Koshthagata
(abhyatara roga marga):
Those originate from the
gastrointestinal tract and
related organs.
3) Marma-asthi-sandhigata
(madhyama rogamarga):
Those produced in vital
organs, bones, and joints.

23. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
18/10/2023 23
d) As per the predominant element [Cha. Sa. Nidana Sthana 1 / 4]
1) Agneya: those produced by aggravation of pitta
2) Soumya: those produced by aggravation of kapha
3) Vayavya: those produced by aggravation of vata

24. FOUR –FOLD CLASSIFICATION
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
18/10/2023 24
Classification of diseases according to charakacharya :
1) Aagantuj (exogenous disease)
2) Vataj Vyadhi
3) Pittaj Vyadhi
4) Kaphaj Vyadhi

25. CONT….
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
18/10/2023 25
Classification of diseases according to sushrutacharya :
1) Aagantuj (exogenous disease)
2) Sharira (physical disease)
3) Manasa(mental disease)
4) Svabhavik (natural disease

26. SIX-FOLD CLASSIFICATION
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
18/10/2023 26
Classification of diseases according to Kashyapsahita : On
the basis of Matruj Dugdha Rasa (Mother milk’s taste):
• Madhur (sweet)
• Amla (sour)
• Lavana (lavana)
• Katu (bitter)
• Tikta (pungent)
• Kashay (astringent)

27. SEVEN-FOLD CLASSIFICATION
तत्र, आवदबलप्रिृत्ता ये शक्रशोवणतदोषान्वयाुः कष्ठाशछुःप्रभृतयुः; तेऽवप वद्वविधाुः-
मातृजाुः, वपतृजाचार |
जन्मबलप्रिृत्ता ये मातरपचारात पङ्खगजात्यन्धबवधरमूकवमन्तन्मनिामनप्रभृतयो जा
यन्ते; तेऽवप वद्वविधाुः रिक
ृ ताुः, दौहृदापचारक
ृ ताचार |
दोषबलप्रिृत्ता ये आतङ्किमत्पन्ना वमथ्याहाराचारक
ृ ताचार; तेऽवप वद्वविधाुः आमाश
यिमत्थाुः , पक्वाशयिमत्थाचार; पनचार वद्वविधाुः- शारीरा, मानिाचार |
त एते आध्यान्तिकाुः ||५||
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28. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
18/10/2023 28
a) Diseases due to personified causes (adhyatmika) [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana24/5]
1) Genetic/Hereditary disorders (adibalapravrutta vyadhi): These are caused due to defects in the
genetic materials of sperm or ovum of the parents. e.g. skin diseases, hemorrhoids, diabetes etc.
These are further divided into two. i.e.
Maternal (matruja)
Paternal (pitruja)

29. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
2) Congenital disorders (janmabalapravrutta vyadhi):
• These are mainly attributed to the errors in the mother's diet
and lifestyle during pregnancy.
• It includes various defects like congenital blindness, deafness
etc. These are caused due to either improper nutrition
(rasakruta) or psychological factors like ungratified cravings
during pregnancy (dauhrudapacharaja).
18/10/2023 29

30. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
3) Endogenous disorders (doshabalapravrutta vyadhi):
• These are caused due to the imbalance of dosha resulting from
the errors in diet, activities, and code of conduct.
• These are either somatic or psychosomatic.
18/10/2023 30

31. CONT…
िङ्घातबलप्रिृत्ता य आगन्तिो [१] दबछलस्य बलिवद्वग्रहात; तेऽवप वद्वविधाुः-
शस्त्रक
ृ ता, व्यालक
ृ ताचार |
एते आवधभौवतकाुः ||६||
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32. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
b) Diseases due to external injuries(adhibhoutika) [Su. Sa. Sutra
Sthana 24/6]
4) Traumatic disorders (sanghatabalapravrutta vyadhi): These are
caused due to any trauma, either external or internal injuries.
These are broadly divided into two types:
Injuries caused by weapons or instruments (shastrakruta)
Injuries caused by the bite of wild animals, poisonous reptiles
etc.(vyalakruta)
18/10/2023 32

33. CONT…
कालबलप्रिृत्ता ये शीतोष्णिातिषाछतपप्रभृवतवनवमत्ताुः; तेऽवप वद्वविधाुः-
व्यापन्नतछक
ृ ताुः, अव्यापन्नतछक
ृ ताचार |
दैिबलप्रिृता ये देिद्रोहादवभशप्तका अ्िछणक
ृ ता उपिगछजाचार; तेऽवप वद्वविधाुः-
विदयदशवनक
ृ ताुः, वपशाचावदक
ृ ताचार; पनचार वद्वविधाुः- िंिगछजा , आकन्तिकाचार |
स्वभािबलप्रिृत्ता ये क्षन्तत्पपािाजरामृत्यवनद्राप्रभृतयुः; तेऽवप वद्वविधाुः-
कालजा, अकालजाचार; तत्र परररक्षणक
ृ ताुः कालजाुः, अपरररक्षणक
ृ ता अकाल
जाुः |
एते आवधदैविकाुः |
अत्र ििछव्याध्यिरोधुः ||७||
18/10/2023 INTRODUCTION OF VYADHI(Dr Akshay Shetty) 33

34. CONT…
4) Providential type (adhidaivika) [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 24/7]
• These types of diseases are caused due to factors which are not in human
control like seasonal changes, metaphysical causes and natural
phenomena.
5) Disorders due to seasonal changes (kalabalapravrutta vyadhi):
• Those caused by seasonal changes like hot, cold, humidity, dryness, wind,
rain etc.
• These may be due to the body's adaptive reactions to natural seasonal
variations throughout the year (avyapanna ritukruta). Or these are created
by sudden or unexpected variations in climatic conditions like cyclones, or
other variations. (vyapanna ritukruta)
18/10/2023 INTRODUCTION OF VYADHI(Dr Akshay Shetty) 34

35. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
6) Disorders due to metaphysical causes (daivabalapravrutta
vyadhi): Those are engendered by forces beyond human control.
The causes are of metaphysical origin i.e. influence of invisible
forces of nature.
7) Disorders due to natural phenomena (swabhavabalapravrutta
vyadhi):
These are caused by natural organic and functional changes in
body and mind, such as senility, hunger, and thirst etc.
18/10/2023 35

36. CONT…
INTRODUCTION
OF
VYADHI(Dr
Akshay
Shetty)
Classification of diseases according to Ashtanghrudya :
1) Sahaj (Hereditary disease)
2) Garbhaj (Congenital disease)
3) Jataj (Humoral disease)
4) Kalaj (Ecological disease)
5) Prabhavaj (Super natural disease)
6) Svabhavaj (Natural diseases)
7) Peedajanya (Traumatic disease)
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37. SUMMARY
18/10/2023 INTRODUCTION OF VYADHI(Dr Akshay Shetty) 37
1.Quote
etymology of
Vyadhi
1.Define
vyadhi
1.List the
synonyms of
Vyadhi
1.Enlist types
of Vyadhi

38. REFERENCES
• CHARAKA SANMHITA
• SUSHRUTA SAMHITA
• ASTANGA HRIDAYA
• HAARITA SAMHITA
• KASYAPA SAMHITA
18/10/2023 INTRODUCTION OF VYADHI(Dr Akshay Shetty) 38

39. THANK YOU
18/10/2023 INTRODUCTION OF VYADHI(Dr Akshay Shetty) 39