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Hypervisor Selection in CloudStack and OpenStack
This document discusses hypervisor selection for cloud environments using Apache CloudStack 4.3 and OpenStack Havana, emphasizing the need to clearly define service offerings, compliance expectations, and virtualization infrastructure. It compares different hypervisors like XenServer, KVM, Hyper-V, and vSphere in terms of features, scalability, and compatibility with cloud solutions. The document also provides guidance on networking and storage strategies for deploying successful cloud systems.
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Hypervisor Selection in CloudStack and OpenStack
- 1. Tim Mackey –XenServer Community Manager and Evangelist Hypervisor Selection in CloudStack 4.3 and OpenStack Havana Understanding the choices available virtg Deep Dive Day 2014
- 2. Building a successfulcloud What are we trying to accomplish?
- 3. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Service Offerings • Clearly define what you want to offer ᵒ What types of applications ᵒ Who has access, and who owns them ᵒ What type of access • Define how templates need to be managed ᵒ Operating system support ᵒ Patching requirements • Define expectations around compliance and availability ᵒ Who owns backup and monitoring
- 4. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Define Tenancy Requirements • Department data local to department ᵒ Where is the application data stored • Data and service isolation ᵒ VM migration and host HA ᵒ Network services • Encryption of PII/PCI ᵒ Where do keys live when data location unknown ᵒ Need encryption designed for the cloud • Showback to stakeholders ᵒ More than just usage, compliance and audits
- 5. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Virtualization Infrastructure • Hypervisor defined by service offerings ᵒ Don’t select hypervisor based on “standards” ᵒ Understand true costs of virtualization ᵒ Multiple hypervisors are “OK” ᵒ Bare metal can be a hypervisor • To “Pool” resources or not ᵒ Is there a real requirement for pooled resources ᵒ Can the cloud management solution do better? ᵒ Real cost of shared storage • Primary storage defined by hypervisor • Template storage defined by solution ᵒ Typically low cost options like NFS
- 6. Choice is agood thing….
- 7. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Apache CloudStack • Current release: 4.2.1 (4.3 imminent) • Highly scalable • Monolithic architecture • Mostly written in Java • Multi-hypervisor support ᵒ XenServer, KVM, OracleVM, vSphere, Linux Containers, Bare metal ᵒ 4.3 adds: Hyper-V • Strong backing from Citrix, CloudOps, Shapeblue and others Back Up DB Management Server MySQL DB Replication Management Server Management Server Load Balancer Infrastructure Resources
- 8. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy OpenStack • Current release: Havana • Scalable in 500 node blocks • Distributed architecture • Mostly written in Python • Multi-hypervisor support ᵒ Group A: KVM ᵒ Group B: Hyper-V, vSphere, XenServer ᵒ Group C: All others deprecated in Icehouse • Strong backing from HP, IBM, RAX, RHT, Canonical, Mirantis, Piston Cloud, SUSE, Cloudscaling
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- 10. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy XenServer 6.2 Feature Source code model Open Source (GPLv2) Maximum VM Density 650 (Linux) CloudStack VM Density 500 CloudStack integration Direct XAPI calls OpenStack driver OpenStack nova-compute domU Maximum native cluster size 16 Maximum pRAM 1 TB Largest VM 16 vCPU/128GB Windows Operating System All Windows supported by Microsoft Linux Operating Systems RHEL, CentOS, Debian, Ubuntu, SLES, OEL Advanced features supported (CloudStack) ovs, Storage XenMotion, DMC Advanced features supported (OpenStack) ovs, Storage XenMotion
- 11. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy vSphere 5.5 Feature Source code model Proprietary Maximum VM Density 512 CloudStack VM Density 128 CloudStack integration vCenter OpenStack driver vCenter – nova-compute node per cluster Maximum native cluster size 32 Maximum pRAM 4 TB Largest VM 64 vCPU/1TB Windows Operating Systems DOS, All Windows Server/Client Linux Operating Systems Most Advanced features supported (CloudStack) HA, DRS, vDS, Storage vMotion Advanced features supported (OpenStack) HA, DRS, vMotion
- 12. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy KVM Feature Source code model Open Source (GPLv2) Maximum VM Density 10 times the number of pCores CloudStack VM Density 50 CloudStack integration CloudStack Agent (libvirt) OpenStack driver libvirt driver Maximum native cluster size No native cluster support Maximum pRAM 2 TB Largest VM 160 vCPU/2TB Windows Operating Systems Windows XP and higher Linux Operating Systems Varies Advanced features supported (CloudStack) None Advanced features supported (OpenStack) None
- 13. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Microsoft Hyper-V Feature Source code model Proprietary Maximum VM Density 1024 CloudStack VM Density 1024 CloudStack integration CloudStack Agent (C# calling WMI) OpenStack driver Use Cloudbase driver Maximum native cluster Size 64 Maximum pRAM 4 TB Largest VM 64 vCPU/1TB Windows Operating Systems All Windows supported by Microsoft Linux Operating Systems RHEL, CentOS, Debian, Ubuntu, SLES, OEL Advanced features supported (CloudStack) None Advanced features supported (OpenStack) None
- 14. The CloudStack 4.3world …
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- 16. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Flat Network – Basic Layer 3 Network Option XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V Security Groups Yes- bridge No Yes Yes IPv6 No No Yes No Multiple IPs per NIC Yes Yes Yes Yes Nicira NVP Yes No Yes No BigSwitch VNS Yes No Yes No 65.11.1.2 65.11.1.3 65.11.1.4 65.11.1.5 Public Network 65.11.0.0/16 Guest VM 1 Guest VM 2 Guest VM 3 Guest VM 4 DHCP, DNS CloudStack Virtual Router Security Group 1 Security Group 2
- 17. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy VLANs for Private Cloud Option XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V Max VLANs 800 254 1024 4094 IPv6 No No Yes No Multiple IPs per NIC Yes Yes Yes Yes Nicira NVP Yes No Yes No BigSwitch VNS Yes No Yes No MidoKura No No Yes No VPC Yes Yes Yes Yes NetScaler Yes Yes Yes Yes F5 BigIP Yes Yes Yes Yes Juniper SRX No Yes Yes Yes Cisco VNMC No Yes No No 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.4 10.1.1.5 Public Network/Internet Guest Virtual Network 10.0.0.0/8 VLAN 100 DHCP, DNS NAT Load Balancing VPN Public IP 65.37.14.1 Gateway 10.1.1.1 Guest VM 1 Guest VM 2 Guest VM 3 Guest VM 4 CloudStack Virtual Router
- 18. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Beyond the VLAN – Network Virtualization Option XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V OVS GRE tunnels Yes No No No Nicira STT tunnel Yes Yes Yes No MidoNet No No Yes No VXLAN No Yes Yes No NVGRE No No No No Nexus 1000v No Yes No No Juniper Contrail Yes No No No Palo Alto Yes Yes Yes No
- 19. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Virtual Private Cloud and nTier Applications Feature XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V PVLAN Yes - ovs Yes ovs No Web App DB Router DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 DC5 DC6 VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3 S2S VPN Private GW
- 20. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Delivering specific network services • KVM ᵒ IPv6 ᵒ Security groups ᵒ Large quantity of VLANs • vSphere ᵒ VXLAN required vSphere Enterprise Plus ᵒ Cisco Nexus 1000v and ASA 1000v require vSphere Enterprise Plus • XenServer ᵒ Security groups ᵒ Large quantity of VLANs ᵒ Juniper Contrail
- 21. Instances need ahome … Storage, Storage and more Storage
- 22. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Primary Storage Options Feature XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V Local storage Yes Yes Yes Yes NFS Yes Yes Yes No SMB No No No SMB3 Single path iSCSI Yes Yes Yes No Multipath iSCSI PreSetup No No No Direct array No VAAI No No Shared Mount No No Yes No Template format VHD OVA QCOW2 VHD SolidFire Plugin Yes Yes Yes No NetApp Plugin Yes Yes Yes No Zone wide No Yes Yes No Ceph RBD No No Yes No Clustered LVM No No Yes No Cluster Host Host Primary Storage
- 23. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Secondary Storage Options Option XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V NFS Yes Yes Yes No Swift(1) Yes Yes Yes No S3 compatible (2) Yes Yes Yes No SMB No No No Yes (1) Requires NFS staging area (2) Can be region wide, but must not have NFS secondary storage in zone Zone Secondary Storage Pod Cluster Host Host Primary Storage
- 24. Core virtualization capabilities Thelimits and features which matter
- 25. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy CloudStack Features Feature XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V Disk IO Statistics Yes No Yes Yes Memory Overcommit Yes (4x) Yes No No Dedicated resources Yes Not with HA/DRS Yes Yes Disk IO throttling No No Yes No Disk snapshot (running) Yes Yes No No Disk snapshot (pluggable) Partial Partial No No Disk snapshot (Stopped) Yes Yes Yes Yes Memory snapshot Yes Yes Yes No Zone wide primary storage No Yes Yes No Resize disk Offline Online Grow Online No High availability CloudStack Native CloudStack CloudStack CPU sockets 6.2 and higher Yes Yes Yes Affinity groups Yes Yes Yes Yes
- 26. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Multiple Hypervisor Support in CloudStack • Networking ᵒ Ensure network labels match ᵒ Topology is intersect of chosen hypervisors • Storage ᵒ For system VMs to specific hypervisor type ᵒ Zone with primary storage limited • Operations ᵒ vSphere Datacenter can not span zones ᵒ Hyper-V may not be mixed with other hypervisors ᵒ HA won’t migrate between hypervisors ᵒ Capacity planning at the cluster/pod level more difficult
- 27. The OpenStack Havanaworld …
- 28. Defining the network Thegoodness of Neutron (Quantum)
- 29. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Flat Network – Basic Layer 3 Network Option XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V Security Groups Yes Yes-NVP Yes No IPv6 No No No No Multiple IPs per NIC Yes Yes Yes Yes Nicira NVP Yes Yes Yes No Firewall rules Yes No Yes No Routing Yes No Yes No 65.11.1.2 65.11.1.3 65.11.1.4 65.11.1.5 Public Network 65.11.0.0/16 Guest VM 1 Guest VM 2 Guest VM 3 Guest VM 4 DHCP, DNS CloudStack Virtual Router Security Group 1 Security Group 2
- 30. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy VLANs for Private Cloud Option XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V Max VLANs 800 254 1024 4094 IPv6 No No No No Multiple IPs Yes Yes Yes Yes 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.4 10.1.1.5 Public Network/Internet Guest Virtual Network 10.0.0.0/8 VLAN 100 DHCP, DNS NAT Load Balancing VPN Public IP 65.37.14.1 Gateway 10.1.1.1 Guest VM 1 Guest VM 2 Guest VM 3 Guest VM 4 CloudStack Virtual Router
- 31. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Beyond the VLAN – Network Virtualization Option XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V OVS GRE tunnels Yes No No No Nicira STT tunnel Yes Yes Yes No VXLAN No Yes Yes No NVGRE No No No No Nexus 1000v No Yes Yes No Nicira NVP Yes Yes Yes No BigSwitch VNS No No Yes No MidoKura No No Yes No Brocade No No Yes No Plumgrid No No Yes No Ryu No No Yes No NEC No No Yes No Cisco VNMC No No Yes No
- 32. Instances need ahome … Storage, Storage and more Storage
- 33. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Instance Storage Options – Nova and Cinder Feature XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V Template format VHD VMDK QCOW2 VHD Local storage Yes Yes Yes Yes NFS Yes Yes Yes Yes Fiber HBA No No Yes No iSCSI Yes Yes Yes Yes iSCSI CHAP Yes No Yes No Ceph No No Yes No Gluster No No Yes No ZFS No No Yes No
- 34. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy OpenStack Features Feature XenServer vSphere KVM Hyper-V Pause VM Yes No Yes Yes Inject networking Guest agent Yes Flat (Debian) Yes Inject file Yes No Yes cloudbase-init Serial console Yes Yes Yes No VNC consoles Yes Yes Yes Yes SPICE console No No Yes No Snapshot Yes Yes Yes Yes Set administrator password Yes No No cloudbase-init Auto configure disk Yes No No No Evacuate host Yes No Yes No Volume swap No No Yes No Volume rate limiting No No Yes No
- 35. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Multiple Hypervisor Support in OpenStack • Capabilities ᵒ Multiple hypervisor support varies by distro ᵒ Most deployments are single hypervisor ᵒ Difficult to schedule instances to compute nodes ᵒ Use host aggregates • Networking ᵒ Topology is intersect of chosen hypervisors – ML2 helps • Operations ᵒ HA won’t migrate between hypervisors ᵒ Capacity planning at the cluster/pod level more difficult ᵒ Hyper-V does not work with all Neutron plugins
- 36. Picking the “bestone” When to use which hypervisor…
- 37. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy KVM • Primary value proposition: ᵒ Low cost with available vendor support ᵒ Familiar administration model ᵒ Broad feature set with active development in both CloudStack and OpenStack • Cloud use cases: ᵒ Linux centric workloads ᵒ Dev/test clouds ᵒ Web hosting ᵒ Tenant density which dictates SDN options • Weaknesses: ᵒ CloudStack: Requires use of an installed libvirt agent ᵒ Limited native storage options ᵒ No use of advanced native features
- 38. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Microsoft Hyper-V • Primary value proposition: ᵒ Unlimited Windows Server VM licenses ᵒ Familiar Windows management paradigm • Cloud use cases: ᵒ Windows and Linux workloads ᵒ Dev/test clouds ᵒ .Net application web hosting ᵒ Desktop as a Service clouds • Weaknesses: ᵒ Minimal use of advanced native features ᵒ CloudStack: First introduced with CloudStack 4.3 (not yet released)
- 39. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy vSphere • Primary value proposition: ᵒ Broad application and operating system support ᵒ Readily available pool of vSphere administration talent ᵒ Large eco-system of vendor partners ᵒ CloudStack: Many features are native implementations ᵒ Direct feature integration via vCenter • Cloud use cases: ᵒ Private enterprise clouds ᵒ Dev/test clouds • Weaknesses: ᵒ vSphere up-front license and ongoing support costs ᵒ vCenter integration requires redundant designs ᵒ CloudStack: Single data center per zone model
- 40. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy XenServer • Primary value proposition: ᵒ Low cost with available vendor support ᵒ Broad feature set with active development in both CloudStack and OpenStack ᵒ CloudStack: Large install base ᵒ Direct integration via XAPI toolstack • Cloud use cases: ᵒ Linux centric workloads ᵒ Dev/test clouds ᵒ Web hosting ᵒ Desktop as a Service clouds ᵒ Large VM density and secure tenant isolation • Weaknesses: ᵒ Minimal use of advanced native features
- 41. © Citrix 2014.More information at xenserver.org and follow me on twitter @XenServerArmy Tying it all Together 1. Define success criteria 2. Select a topology which works 3. Decide on storage options 4. Define supported configurations 5. Select preferred hypervisor(s) 6. Validate matrix 7. Build your Cloud
- 42. Work better. Livebetter.