Vicksburg's fortifications were designed by Samuel H. Lockett and concentrated on surrounding ridges to limit enemy troop movement. The fortifications included redans with joined earthen faces forming angles, redoubts which were closed redans, and lunettes with angled faces and flanks at gorge tops. Abatis gorges were also extensively used before earthworks to slow attacking troops.

1. Vicksburg: Fortification City by Steven Trier

4. 26 th Louisiana Lunette