The document provides an overview of English verb tenses and aspects. It discusses the simple present, past, and future tenses, as well as the present perfect, present progressive, and other combinations of tenses including the past perfect, future perfect, and future progressive. Each tense is defined by its uses and examples are provided of forms and timelines to illustrate when each tense is applied.
English Tenses slide show prepared exclusively keeping in mind of Secondary school students of rural India. with plain slides without any animation by M Prahallada PGT English, NVS Centre of Excellence, Bangalore
English Tenses slide show prepared exclusively keeping in mind of Secondary school students of rural India. with plain slides without any animation by M Prahallada PGT English, NVS Centre of Excellence, Bangalore
Tenses play a crucial role in the general life of human. It denotes the time an action takes place, whether sometime in the past, in the present or will take some time in the future.
Tenses play a crucial role in the general life of human. It denotes the time an action takes place, whether sometime in the past, in the present or will take some time in the future.
A verb indicates the time of an action, event or condition by changing its form according to its tense - present, past or future tenses.
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3. Simple Present Tense is used:Simple Present Tense is used:
• When you are referring to habitual actions--
actions that you always or never do
• When you are referring to unchanging
truths
• When you are making general statements of
fact
4. simple present tense
Examples
• (habit) He always comes late to class.
• (unchanging truth) The sun rises in the east.
• (general statement of fact) They are
friendly.
9. The Simple Past Tense is Used:The Simple Past Tense is Used:
• When an activity or situation began and
ended at a particular time in the past--in
other words, when an activity or situation is
completed in the past
• To refer to past habits
10. Simple Past Tense
ExamplesExamples
• (Completed action in the past) He was late
to class yesterday.
• (Completed action in the past) We arrived
three weeks ago.
• (Past habit) She always wrote a letter to her
mother on Sunday night.
14. The Present PerfectThe Present Perfect
A tense very commonly used in
English to refer to the past!
15. The Present Perfect is Used:The Present Perfect is Used:
• When an activity happened at an
unspecified time in the past (before the
present)
• When an activity has been repeated several
times before now
• When an activity was very recently
completed before now
• When an activity is not completed in the
past
16. Present Perfect Tense
ExamplesExamples
• (unspecified time before now) They have
already seen that movie.
• (repeated activity before now) We have
visited New York City many times.
• (an action has recently been completed
before now) I have just eaten.
• (action not completed in the past) I have
studied Spanish for many years.
18. Present Perfect Tense
Form 1Form 1
havehave oror hashas ++ past participlepast participle
I have studied . . . I have seen . . .
You have studied . . . You have seen . . .
S/he/it has studied . . S/he/it has seen . . .
We have studied . . . We have seen . . .
They have studied . . . They have seen . . .
22. The Present Progressive TenseThe Present Progressive Tense
Sometimes called the
Present Continuous Tense
23. The Present Progressive Tense is
Used:
• When an activity is in progress now at the
moment of speaking
• When an activity began before now and
continues into the future without stopping.
• When an activity is temporary.
• When an activity is developing and
changing.
24. Present Progressive Tense
ExamplesExamples
• I’m explaining something to the class right
now.
• He’s taking 16 credits this semester.
• She is understanding English more and
more because she moved into the dorm.
26. Present Progressive Tense
FormForm
I am studying I'm studying
You are studying You're studying
S/he/it is studying S/he/it's studying
We are studying We're studying
They are studying They're studying
29. The Future Tense is Used:The Future Tense is Used:
• To indicate that an activity or event will
take place at a time in the future
30. Future
ExamplesExamples
• When I’m retired, I’m going to travel.
• Next week, we will work on punctuation.
• He is going to get his car fixed tomorrow.
• Our plane departs at noon next Friday.
32. Future
Form 1Form 1
I will stay I'll stay
You will stay You'll stay
S/he/it will stay S/he/it'll stay
We will stay We'll stay
They will stay They'll stay
33. Future
Form 2Form 2
I am going to stay I'm going to stay
You are going to stay You're going to stay
S/he/it is going to stay S/he/it's going to stay
We are going to stay We're going to stay
They are going to
stay
They're going to stay
34. Future Tense
Form 3Form 3
Sometimes the simple present tense or the
present progressive tense are used to express a
future meaning. Usually these tenses are used
when scheduled events are being discussed.
I arrive I am arriving
You arrive You are arriving
S/he/it arrives S/he/it is arriving
We arrive We are arriving
They arrive They are arriving
36. Other English Verb TensesOther English Verb Tenses
These tenses are combinations of the
tenses we have just reviewed
37. Past PerfectPast Perfect
• This tense is not used a lot. It can often be
used interchangeably with the simple past
because these tenses do not differ much in
meaning. The past perfect tense refers to
activities that happened before a specific
time in the past.
• Example, He had visited her many times
before she died.
• Form: had + past participle
38. Past ProgressivePast Progressive
• This tense is used to refer to activities
continuously in progress around a time in
the past.
• Example: They were eating when the taxi
arrived.
• Form: was or were + verbing
39. Past Perfect ProgressivePast Perfect Progressive
• This tense is used when an activity was
continuously in progress before a specific
time in the past.
• Example: I had been thinking about her
before she called.
• Form: had + been + verbing
40. Present Perfect ProgressivePresent Perfect Progressive
• This tense is used to describe actions that
have been continuously in progress before
now. These actions are not completed.
• Example: I have been waiting here for the
last two hours.
• Form: have or has + been + verbing
41. Future PerfectFuture Perfect
• The future perfect expresses the idea that an
activity will occur before some future time.
• Example: She will have finished dinner
before the game starts.
• Form: will + have + past participle
42. Future Progressive TenseFuture Progressive Tense
• This tense is used to refer to activities that
will be continuously in progress around
some future time.
• Example: We will be flying over New York
at noon tomorrow.
• Form: will + be + verbing
43. Future Perfect ProgressiveFuture Perfect Progressive
• This tense is used to refer to activities that
will be continuously in progress before a
future time.
• Example: He will have been working for 3
hours before you arrive.
• Form: will + have + been + verbing
44. Overview of the English Verb Tense/Aspect System
Simple Perfect
(HAVE +
verb+en)
Progress-
ive
(BE +
verb+ing)
Perfect
Progress-
ive (HAVE
+ BEEN +
verb+ing)
Present * * *
Past *
Future *
45. Acknowledgments
• The charts in this presentation were adapted
from the work of Betty Schrampfer Azar.
She is the author of Understanding and
Using English Grammar and many other
useful ESL texts.
