A mechanical ventilator is a machine that assists patients who are unable to breathe on their own by mechanically controlling oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. It is used to maintain ventilation and oxygenation for patients with conditions like respiratory failure, respiratory distress syndrome, or neurological impairment. Nurses caring for patients on ventilators monitor vital signs and respiratory status, ensure proper ventilator settings are used, turn patients to prevent bed sores, and suction airways when needed.

1. Ventilator
By:- Bharti Rana
GNM 2nd year

2. Mechanical ventilator

3. Definition
A machine that mechanically assist
a patient in exchange of oxygen,
carbon dioxide and deliver breathe
to the patient , who is physically
unable to breathe .

4. Purpose
Maintain the ventilation and
oxygen for a prolong time .

5. Indicators
1. Acute respiratory failure
2. Prophylactic ventilatory
support
3. Hyperventilation
therapy

6. 1. Bradypnea
2. Apnea
3. Hypernea
4. Respiratory failure
5. Shock
6. Myasthenia gravis
7. Chronic respiratory failure
8. Status asthmatic , coma
9. Acute respiratory distress syndrome
10.CNS disease
Indicators

7. Criteria
Parameters Patient value
a) Pulmonary function test
- respiratory rate
- tidal volume (ml/kg body weight)
- vital capacity (ml/kg body weight
>35
<5
<15
b)ABG values
- PH
- paO2
- PaCO2
<7.35
<60
>50

8. 25% 40% 15%
Settings of ventilator
1. Tidal volume
2. PIFR(peak inspiratory flow rate
3. PEEP( Peak end expiratory
pressure)
4. PIP(peak inspiratory pressure)
5. MV(minute ventilation)

9. Modes of ventilation
1. CMV(continue mandatory ventilation)
2. ACV (Assist control ventilation )
3. IMV( intermittent mandatory ventilation)
4. SIMV(synchronised intermittent mandatory
ventilation)
5. PSV ( pressure support ventilation)

11. Complication of ventilation
1. Bedsore
2. Hypotension
3. Pneumothorax
4. Pulmonary embolism
5. Hypoxemia
6. Aspiration
7. Infection
8. Air leak

12. Nursing responsibility of ventilator
patient
1. Assess vital signs , lung sounds , respiratory
status, pulse oximetry reading and breathing
patterns .
2. Maintain skin colour, particularly in the lips and
nail beds.
3. Provides chest physiotherapy .

13. 6. Assess the need of sectioning and provide
if needed.
7. Assess ventilator settings.
8. Assess the level of water in the humidifier
and temperature of the humidification system
.
9. Turn the client at least every two hours to
prevent from bed sore and complications of
immobility.

14. 10. Provide passive exercise.
11. Have resuscitation equipment
available at bedside.
12. Hyperventilate the patient before
suctioning.
13. Documentation.

15. Thank you 😊