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Veganism, cloning and GM food
- 1. - Vegans and vegetarians - Cloning - GM Food - Dulce Neves n.º 6 - Fábio Simões n.º 7 - Guilherme Oliveira n.º 9 11.º B 2011/2012 Agrupamento de Escolas Ourém Escola Básica e Secundária de Ourém English The World around us
- 2. Desserts
- 10. Vegetarians and vegans Alternative lifestyles Meat-free diet
- 11. Vegetarians They follow a diet that excludes meat. However, some eat dairy products and eggs.
- 12. Vegans They only eat food from plant sources. Gandhi was vegan.
- 13. Reasons to be Vegetarian Ethical Health Environmental Animal Welfare Economical
- 14. Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets Cardiovascular Hypertension Cancer Diabetes Obesity Renal stones
- 15. Nutrient No vegetarian Vegetarian Vegan Fat (% total calories) 34-38 30-36 28-33 Cholesterol (total grams) 300-500 150-300 0 Carbohydrate (% total calories) <50 50-55 50-65 Dietary fiber (total grams)/day 10-12 20-35 25-50 Protein (% total calories) 14-18 12-14 10-12 Animal protein (% total protein) 60-70 40-60 0
- 16. Beans Tofu Veggie burger or other meat substitutes Soymilk Peanut butter and nuts Good Sources of Protein
- 20. Cloning is the creation of an animal or person from the genes of an animal or person which already exists. It is done artificially in a laboratory. Scientists have already created a clone of a sheep which they called Dolly.
- 21. Pros Cure human diseases Using animal organs Create animals that are disease resistant More consistent food products Save endangered species
- 22. Cons Public perception Use technology to clone humans Expensive Not efficient Cloned products cannot be marketed
- 23. Creating Dolly
- 24. Stage 1 Cell collected from a sheep’s udder.
- 25. Stage 2 Nucleus is removed from unfertilized egg of second sheep.
- 26. Stage 3 Udder cell is inserted into egg with no nucleus.
- 27. Stage 4 Insertion is successful.
- 28. Stage 5 Electrical charge is supplied.
- 29. Stage 6 Cells begin to divide.
- 30. Stages 7 & 8
- 31. Cloning Facts Plant cloning has been around for thousands of years Farm animal cloning has been around for over 20 years Cloning is a form of asexual reproduction Clones are not exact copies Cloned animals are safe to raise and eat
- 32. Cloning Fallacies Genetic make-up is altered Mutants are created Clones are unhealthy Will eventually lead to cloning humans Possible to recreate people such as Hitler
- 34. What is it ? GM Food Genetically Modified food. It is a alternative type of food that nowadays is a regular option in the different groceries stores.
- 35. What are people’s concerns • Is this food safe? • Should food be labeled? • Are there adverse environmental effects? • Who benefits?
- 37. What about their nutritional value and safety ?
- 38. Are GM foods safe and nutritious? 1. All GM foods have been extensively tested and they are as safe as other foods in the market place. 2. Nutrition depends on the food, not the method of crop breeding!
- 39. Molecular agriculture makes new gene combinations possible Peas (on the left) that make a genetically engineered bean protein are insect-resistant and do not need to be sprayed with pesticides.
- 40. Reduced Pesticide Use with Insect-Protected Cotton Insect Control Ledger for 2000: Bollgard® Cotton on Five Million Acres Manufacturing Distribution Application Financial Benefit Stewardship Applies 1.04 million fewer pounds of insecticide in 2.5 fewer applications per acre Disposes of 416,000 fewer insecticide containers Saves 41,250 10-hour farm work days Eliminates 2,150 10-hour days of aerial application Conserves 2.41 million gallons of fuel and 93.7 million gallons of water Accrues $168 million in economic benefits from lower production costs and increased cotton yield Reduces pesticide exposure risk Preserves beneficial insect populations Creates wildlife benefits Gives cotton producers more time for family and community activities Gives cotton producers peace of mind Transports and stores 416,000 fewer gallons of insecticide Conserves 604,000 gallons of fuel oil Produces fiber equivalent to that found in all consumer products derived from cotton Consumer Benefit Saves 3.46 million pounds of raw material Conserves 1.48 million gallons of fuel oil Eliminates 2.16 million pounds of industrial waste Bollgard® is a registered trademark of Monsanto Company © 2001 Monsanto Company Bollgard® Cotton
- 41. Plant Breeding and Crop Yield Tonsperhectare
- 42. Pesticides, twice a week Pesticide free How to label? Conventional Food GM Food
- 43. All in all 1. GM foods are as safe and there is promise for more nutritious food. 2. For some crops, environmental impacts are similar or less than conventional agriculture. 3. GM technology can solve problems that can’t be solved in other ways at present.