The document discusses different types of vaccines including active and passive immunization. It describes various vaccine types such as live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines, conjugate vaccines, recombinant vector vaccines, and DNA vaccines. Live attenuated vaccines provide lifelong immunity but carry a risk of becoming virulent again. Inactivated vaccines are less risky but require booster shots. Subunit vaccines and conjugate vaccines target specific antigens but were harder to produce initially. Recombinant vector vaccines and DNA vaccines use genetic engineering techniques to produce vaccines.

1. VACCINES
PRESENTED BY: NIRANJAN
KUSHWAHA
BIOTECH
VACCINES
PRESENTED BY: NIRANJAN KUSHWAHA
(BIOTECH)VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

2. VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

3. CONTENT:-
1. IMMUNIZATION
2. TYPES OF
IMMUNIZATION
3. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
IMMUNIZATION
4. TYPES OF VACCINES
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

4. IMMUNIZATION :Immunity to
infectious microorganism can
be achieved by active or
passive immunization .
TYPES OF IMMUNIZATION
1 .ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION
2 .PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

5. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION: Microbes
and other substance that have ability to
induce immune system to generate antibody
.Thus immune response will get and cell
mediated and humoral response get
activated.
It can be achieved by infectious microbes
from natural infection and artificially by
vaccine (except antibodies vaccine)
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

6. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION:
Microbes and other substance
that have ability to induce
immune system to generate
antibody .Thus immune respose
will get and cell mediated and
humoral response get activated.
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

7. Itcan be achievedbyinfectious
microbes fromnatural infection
and artificially by vaccine(except
antibodies vaccine)
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

8.  In passive immunization immune
response does not activate.thus cell
mediated and humoral response is
absent .
 Passive immunization artificially can
achieve through the preformed
antibody .
 It does not provide any memory
response .
 Passive immunization is routinely
administered to individual exposed to
botulism,tetanus, diphtheria ,hepatitis
measles and rabies .VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

9.  It can provide immediate
protection than active
immunization.
 It is also used to protection
from poisonous snake and
insects bites.
 Example :immune globulin
and humanised monoclonal
antibody , antitoxin .
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

10. TYPES OF VACCINES
 LIVE OR ATTENUATED ORGANISM
VACCINE
 KILLED OR INACTIVATED ORGANISM
VACCINE
 SUBUNIT VACCINE
 CONJUGATE VACCEIN
 RECOMBINANT VECTOR VACCINE
 DNA VACCINE
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

11. LIVE OR ATTENUATED
VACCINE:Live form of microbe are use
for vaccine but it will not have
pathogenicity .mutant the microbe so
that it became pathogenicity less and it
can use for vaccine. Example BCG(bacillus
Calmette Guerin),POLIO sabin vaccine.
Advantage:lifelong immunity and
strong immune response.
.
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

12. Disadvantage :it may be reversible
and become virulent.
Precaution: vaccine requires
refrigeration.
INACTIVATED OR KILLED VACCINES:
Microbes are inactivated by heat
or chemical so that they can loss
pathogenicity .
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

13. but they have immunogenicity.
but they have immunogenicity.
Example :salk polio vaccine is
produced by formaldehyde
inactivation of polio virus.
Heat killed is so much useful because
it can denatured the protein that
have immunogenicity .
ADVANTAGE:REFRIGERATION IS NOT
REQUIRED.STABLEVECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

14. DISADVANTAGE:Weaker than live
vaccine and booster is required.
SUBUNIT
VACCINES:It is not
necessary to use whole body of
microbes in vaccine,
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

15. because we need only the
part of them that have
immunogen. That can
induce the immune
respone.Bacterial
polysaccharide capsule is
able to induce immune
response. VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

16. Viral glycoprotein protect
against disease.
ADVANTAGE:LOWER CHANCE OF
ADVERESE EFFECT .
DISADVANTAGE: DIFFICULT TO
PRODUCE.
POLYSACCHARIDE CANNOT
ACTIVATE THE TH CELL.THEY
ACTIVATE B CELL IN AVECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

17. T-INDEPENDENT .
LITTLE CLASS SWITCHING.
CONJUGATE VACCINE:LIMITATION OF
SUBUNIT VACCINE IS RESULT OF
CONJUGATE VACCINE. BOTH bacterial
polysaccharide and protein can induce TH
CELL thus humoral cell will be activated and
high class switching and memory cell
formation occur .
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

18. Example diphtheria toxin and beta glucan
from brown alga,raised antibodies in
mice and protected against Aspergillus
fumigatus and Candida albicans .
DNA VACCINE :Plasmid DNA
encoding antigenic proteins,which is
injected directly into the muscle of the
recipient .
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

19. VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

20. VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

21. VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

22. RECOMBINANT VACCINES :
• THE vaccine is formed by using recombinant dna
technology with various strategies like gene
manipulation .
• TYPES OF RECOMBINANT VACCINES
• SUBUNIT VACCINE
• ATTENUATED RECOMBINANT VACCINE
• VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE
• SUBUNIT RECOMBINANT VACCINE
VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

23. VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

24. VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE

25. VECTOR RECOMBINANT VACCINE
TOXOID AS VACCINE
 SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA PRODUCE
EXOTOXIN WHICH RESULT IN INFECTION
 EXAMPLE :DIPTHERIA AND TETANUS
 BACTERIAL EXOTOXIN PURIFIED AND THEN
INACTIVATED BY FORMALDEHYDE
SUBSEQUENTLY PRODUCE TOXOIDS .
 THIS TOXOIDS VACCINE INDUCE THE
ANTITOXOIDS ANTIBODIES WHICH ARE CAPABLE
TO BIND WITH A TOXINS AND NEUTRALISED ITS
EFFECT.