UV-visible spectroscopy involves using electromagnetic radiation to obtain information about atoms and molecules. It is based on electronic excitation of molecules that causes promotion of an electron from a ground state to an excited state. Factors like conjugation, solvents, and pH can affect the position and intensity of UV absorption. Applications of UV spectroscopy include determining molecular weight, identifying impurities, and characterizing aromatic compounds and conjugation.
UV-visible spectroscopy is a technique that measures the amount of light absorbed by a chemical substance. The ultraviolet (UV) region scanned is normally from 200 to 400 nm, and the visible portion is from 400 to 800 nm.
Introduction,Instrumentation, Classification of electronic transitions, Substituent and solvent effects, Classification of electronic transitions
Substituent and solvent effects
Applications of UV Spectroscopy
UV spectral study of alkenes
UV spectral study of poylenes
UV spectral study of α, β-unsaturated carbonyl
UV spectral study of Aromatic compounds
Empirical rules for calculating λmax.
Applications of UV Spectroscopy, Empirical rules for calculating λmax.
UV-visible spectroscopy is a technique that measures the amount of light absorbed by a chemical substance. The ultraviolet (UV) region scanned is normally from 200 to 400 nm, and the visible portion is from 400 to 800 nm.
Introduction,Instrumentation, Classification of electronic transitions, Substituent and solvent effects, Classification of electronic transitions
Substituent and solvent effects
Applications of UV Spectroscopy
UV spectral study of alkenes
UV spectral study of poylenes
UV spectral study of α, β-unsaturated carbonyl
UV spectral study of Aromatic compounds
Empirical rules for calculating λmax.
Applications of UV Spectroscopy, Empirical rules for calculating λmax.
UV spectroscopy is a technique used to analyze the composition of a sample by measuring its absorption or reflection of ultraviolet light. The sample is placed in a UV spectrophotometer and exposed to a range of UV wavelengths. The amount of light absorbed or reflected at each wavelength is recorded and plotted as a UV spectrum. This spectrum can be used to identify specific compounds in the sample, as each compound absorbs or reflects light at different wavelengths. This technique is widely used in fields such as chemistry, biology, and environmental science to analyze a variety of samples such as drugs, food, and water.
Uv visible spectroscopy absorption methods.
INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS, B.PHARM 7TH SEM. AND FOR BSC,MSC CHEMISTRY.
This is Geeta prasad kashyap (Asst. Professor), SVITS, Bilaspur (C.G) 495001
Uv visible spectroscopy with InstrumentationSHIVANEE VYAS
It is the branch of science that deals with the study of the interaction of matter with light.
OR
It is the branch of science that deals with the study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Electromagnetic radiation is energy that is propagated through free space or through a material medium in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves, visible light, and gamma rays, etc. Electromagnetic waves consist of discrete packages of energy which are called as photons.
Introduction to UV spectroscopy, Instrumentation, electronic excitation and terms used. Absorption and intensity shifts, factors affecting position and intensity of UV bands, applications.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
UV spectroscopy is a technique used to analyze the composition of a sample by measuring its absorption or reflection of ultraviolet light. The sample is placed in a UV spectrophotometer and exposed to a range of UV wavelengths. The amount of light absorbed or reflected at each wavelength is recorded and plotted as a UV spectrum. This spectrum can be used to identify specific compounds in the sample, as each compound absorbs or reflects light at different wavelengths. This technique is widely used in fields such as chemistry, biology, and environmental science to analyze a variety of samples such as drugs, food, and water.
Uv visible spectroscopy absorption methods.
INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS, B.PHARM 7TH SEM. AND FOR BSC,MSC CHEMISTRY.
This is Geeta prasad kashyap (Asst. Professor), SVITS, Bilaspur (C.G) 495001
Uv visible spectroscopy with InstrumentationSHIVANEE VYAS
It is the branch of science that deals with the study of the interaction of matter with light.
OR
It is the branch of science that deals with the study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Electromagnetic radiation is energy that is propagated through free space or through a material medium in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves, visible light, and gamma rays, etc. Electromagnetic waves consist of discrete packages of energy which are called as photons.
Introduction to UV spectroscopy, Instrumentation, electronic excitation and terms used. Absorption and intensity shifts, factors affecting position and intensity of UV bands, applications.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
2. CONTENTs
• Introduction to spectroscopy
• Types of spectrscopy
• Electro magnetic waves
• Principle of UV Light Absorption
• Factors affecting the position & intensity of UV
• Application of UV spectroscopy
• Reference
3. Spectroscopy
Using electromagnetic radiation as a probe to obtain
information about atoms and molecules that are too small
to see.
Electromagnetic radiation is propagated at the speed of
light through a vacuum as an oscillating wave.
4. Spectroscopy Types:
–Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (UV) –
Based on Electronic excitation of molecule
•Use–Conjugated Molecules; Carbonyl Group, Nitro Group
–Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) –
Involves Vibrational Energy States
•Use– Functional Groups; Structure of compound
–Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) –
Involves Nuclear Spin States
•Use– The number, type, and relative position of
protons(Hydrogen nuclei) and Carbon-13 nuclei
–Mass Spectrometry (MS) –
High-Energy Electron Bombardment
•Use– Molecular Weight, Presence of Nitrogen, Halogens
5. Electromagnetic Waves
• Waves of energy emitted from any accelerating charges
• Any object that is above absolute zero emits electromagnetic
waves
• The entire range of possibilities is called the “Electromagnetic
Spectrum”
6. Principle of UV Light Absorption
Ultraviolet light: wavelengths between 190 and 400
nm
Visible light: wavelengths between 400 and 800 nm
Ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy involves the
absorption of ultraviolet light by a molecule
causing the promotion of an electron from a
ground electronic state to an excited electronic
state.
7. Beer-Lambert’s law
In Beer-Lambert’s law the fraction of incident radiation
absorbed is proportional to the number of absorbing
molecules in its path.
log I₀/I = εcl
Where ; I₀=Intensity of incident light
C=concentration of solute molecule
l=path length of the sample
ε=molar extension coefficient of substance whose light is
investigated
log I₀/I = Absorbance
log I/I₀ =Transmittance
9. σ to σ∗
An electron in bonding σ orbital is excited to the
corresponding antibonding orbitals.
The energy required is large
For example : methane
10. n to σ∗
• Saturated compounds containing atoms with
lone pairs are capable of n to σ∗ transitions
• These transition usually need less energy than
σ to σ∗ transitions.
• The number of organic functional group with n
to σ∗ peaks in uv region is small.
11. n to π∗ &
• The most absorption spectroscopy of organic
compound is based on transitions of n or π electrons to
the π∗ excited state.
• These transitions need an unsaturated group in the
molecule to provide the π electrons.
• π to π∗ transition occurs with compound containing
double bond or triple bond whereas n to π∗ transition
occurs with compound containing double bond
including hetero atom
π to π∗
12. Chromophores
Molecules having unsaturated bonds or free
nonbonding electrons that can absorb
radiation of relatively low energy and which
imparts colour to an organic compound are
called chromophores. Examples include
alkenes, alkynes, ketones, aldehydes, phenyl
and other aromatic species, etc.
13. Auxochrome is a functional group that
does not absorb in UV region but
has the effect of shifting chromophore
peaks to longer wavelength as well
As increasing their intensity.
Auxochrome
14.
15. Factors affecting the position & intensity
of UV
pH effect
In certain compounds generally acids and bases
pH changes affects primary and secondary
bands.
As pH decreases wavelength also decreases.
16. Solvents:
• Polar solvents such as water, alcohols, esters,
and ketones tend to obliterate spectral fine
structure arising from vibrational effects;
spectra that approach those of the gas phase
are more likely to be observed in nonpolar
solvents such as hydrocarbons.
• Generally polar solvents shifts n to π∗ transition
towards a shorter wavelength.
17. Effect of conjugation
• An increase in extent of conjugation in doubly
bonded system brings about a bathochromic
shift.
• eg; Benzene-254 nm Anthracene-350nm
18. APPLICATION OF UV-VISIBLE
SPECTROSCOPY
1)It is used in determination of molecular
weight of molecules.
2)It is used in determination of impurities
present in the sample.
3)The unknown concentration of the solution
can be determine using this spectroscopy.
4)It is used in characterisation of aromatic
compound and detection of conjugation.
5)Useful in finding out dissociation constants of
acids & bases.