This document provides an overview of the Internet and World Wide Web. It discusses the history and significance of the Internet, how it works, common Internet protocols, accessing the Internet, popular Internet services like email and the World Wide Web. It also covers how to effectively search the Web using techniques like Boolean operators and keywords, and how to evaluate the reliability of information found on web pages.
The Internet can be defined as:
“A GLOBAL NETWORK CONNECTING MILLIONS OF COMPUTERS.”
It is a network of networks (i.e., interconnection between several autonomous computers) that carries various information and services, such as E-mail, online chat, file transfer, and interlinked web pages and other resources of the World Wide Web.
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web gives a graphical, easy – to – navigate interface for looking at documents on the Internet.
The WORLD WIDE WEB may be defined as:
“A NETWORK OF SERVERS LINKED TOGETHER BY A COMMON PROTOCOL (SET OF RULES), ALLOWING ACCESS TO MILLIONS OF HYPERTEXT RESOURCES.”
The Internet can be defined as:
“A GLOBAL NETWORK CONNECTING MILLIONS OF COMPUTERS.”
It is a network of networks (i.e., interconnection between several autonomous computers) that carries various information and services, such as E-mail, online chat, file transfer, and interlinked web pages and other resources of the World Wide Web.
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web gives a graphical, easy – to – navigate interface for looking at documents on the Internet.
The WORLD WIDE WEB may be defined as:
“A NETWORK OF SERVERS LINKED TOGETHER BY A COMMON PROTOCOL (SET OF RULES), ALLOWING ACCESS TO MILLIONS OF HYPERTEXT RESOURCES.”
this pdf file description
what is the Internet Basics topics likes ;
what is the internet
What is the World Wide Web?
Exploring the Internet using Microsoft Internet Explorer
What is a URL?
What are Domains? and so on.
Introduction of internet.....
Basic internet terms....
Internet evolution and history......
1G...
2G...
3G...
4G...
Download and Upload...
ONLINE and OFFLINE
Web Server
ISP
URL
Website
Browser
Web page
Hypertext
PRESENTATION
BEST OF LUCK
this pdf file description
what is the Internet Basics topics likes ;
what is the internet
What is the World Wide Web?
Exploring the Internet using Microsoft Internet Explorer
What is a URL?
What are Domains? and so on.
Introduction of internet.....
Basic internet terms....
Internet evolution and history......
1G...
2G...
3G...
4G...
Download and Upload...
ONLINE and OFFLINE
Web Server
ISP
URL
Website
Browser
Web page
Hypertext
PRESENTATION
BEST OF LUCK
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A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
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Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
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The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
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2. Slide 2
What You Will Learn About
The Internet and its history
The differences between the Internet and the Web
The concept of hypertext
Web browsers and Web servers
The parts of a URL
3. Slide 3
What You Will Learn About
The elements of Internet addresses
The most popular Internet services
Web subject guides and search engines
Search operators
The reliability of information on a Web page
4. Slide 4
The Internet
The Internet is a global, interconnected computerThe Internet is a global, interconnected computer
network in which every computer connected to it cannetwork in which every computer connected to it can
exchange data with any other connected computer.exchange data with any other connected computer.
5. Slide 5
The Significance of the Internet
It’s the first mass medium that involves computersIt’s the first mass medium that involves computers
and uses digitized data.and uses digitized data.
It provides the potential for media convergence, theIt provides the potential for media convergence, the
unification of all media.unification of all media.
It’s transforming how we communicate, obtainIt’s transforming how we communicate, obtain
information, learn, seek jobs, and maintaininformation, learn, seek jobs, and maintain
professional growth.professional growth.
Businesses find it an indispensable tool for theirBusinesses find it an indispensable tool for their
needs.needs.
6. Slide 6
The Internet’s History
Significant events in the history of the Internet.
1962
1969
1972
1983
1989 1994
1995
J.C.R.
Lickliter
conceives
of the idea
of a
“galactic
network”.
Ray Tomlinson
invents e-mail.
The World Wide
Web is
developed.
The first
graphical
Web
browser is
developed.
ARPANET goes
online, connecting
four computers.
Internet
protocols
begin.
Barriers to
commercial
activity are lifted.
Click on the dates for more information.
7. Slide 7
The Internet and Web: What’s the Difference?
The Internet is the physical connection of millions of
networks.
The Web uses the Internet for its existence.
The Web consists of hypertext embedded on Web
pages that are hosted on Web sites.
8. Slide 8
The Web Site
A Web site is a collection of
related Web documents that
are made available to the
public.
The index page, or home
page, is the first page of a
Web site.
Web pages are individual
Web documents.
9. Slide 9
The Hypertext Concept
Hypertext is a way of presenting information so that
the order in which it’s read is left up to the reader.
Hyperlinks are underlined or highlighted words that
can be used to view another document or Web page.
Hypermedia refers to a link to multimedia, such as
music and movies.
The Web is a distributed hypermedia system or a
system where the responsibility for creating content
is distributed among many people.
10. Slide 10
Web Browsers and Servers
Web browsers display a Web document and enable
users to link to other Web pages.
The first browsers were text-only.
Mosaic was the first graphical browser.
Web servers respond to the requests of browsers.
They find and send requested resources back to the
browser.
13. Slide 13
Standard Toolbar–
Contains Navigation buttons
Address Bar–
Contains URL of
Web page
Back & Forward Buttons–
Take you to recently visited
pages
Stop Button–
Stops downloading
Refresh Button–
Updates (refreshes) the
page
Home Button– Returns
to default start page
Search Button– Opens
search engine program
Favorites Button– List of
bookmarked Web pages
Media Button– Opens
media player program
History Button– List of
Web sites visited over a
period of time
E-Mail Button– Opens
e-mail program
Printer Button– Prints
documents
Other Navigation ButtonsProgram icon–
Animates when
downloading
Status bar– Messages
about the browser’s
operation
Hyperlinks
The Web Browser’s Window
Click to view the various parts of a Web browser’s window.
14. Slide 14
HTML
Document
Web Page Design
Authors use a markup language called Hypertext
Markup Language (HTML) to create Web pages.
The markup language consists of codes that identify
portions and special effects in the document.
15. Slide 15
Page CreatedHTML Document
Click to view an HTML document and the page that it creates.
Click again
16. Slide 16
How the Internet Works
The Internet provides immediate and direct contact
with all computers on the network.
All Internet computers have an Internet address (IP
address).
Internet service providers (ISPs) sell subscriptions to the
public.
Its interoperability feature enables access for all types of
computers.
Large organizations maintain the Internet.
Many private and public networks are linked together to
provide a worldwide networking system.
Packet switching technology is used to transmit data.
17. Slide 17
Internet Protocols
Transmission control protocol (TCP) – A standard
that defines how one computer can communicate and
exchange data with another computer on the Internet.
Internet protocol (IP) – Defines the Internet’s
addressing scheme.
IP address – Each computer connected to the
Internet is given an address composed of numbers
and periods. Example: 209.234.456.8
18. Slide 18
Domain Name
Domain Names
Domain Name System (DNS) – Enables users to type names of
Web sites and Web pages as well as IP addresses. Example:
www.thapar.edu or 112.23.345.56
Domain name registration – Enables individuals, businesses,
and organizations to register their Web sites with InterNIC.
The last part of the domain name gives the type of organization
that maintains the site. Examples: .com, .net, .edu, and .gov.
19. Slide 19
Accessing the Internet and Web
You will need:
A computer with an operating system, such as Windows,
MAC OS, or UNIX, that supports Internet protocols
Communications equipment such as a modem, ISDN
adapter, or Ethernet card
An Internet service provider (ISP)
Web browser software such as Internet Explorer or Netscape
Navigator
20. Slide 20
Accessing the Internet
The Internet can be accessed in the following ways:
Dial-up access with Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
Cable and satellite access
LAN access
21. Slide 21
R
E
G
I
O
N
A
L
L
O
C
A
L
1. You request a
Web page.
2. Your request
goes to your
ISP’s point of
presence (POP).
3. Your request
goes to a
network access
point (NAP).
4. Your request
goes to a national
backbone network.
5. Your request
reaches the Web site’s
server and the Web
page is sent back to
you in packets.
YOU ARE
HERE
NATIONAL
Click to view
animation. Click
once only.
ISPs and Backbone Service Providers
22. Slide 22
Intranets and Extranets
Intranet – An internal
networking system within a
company
They function like the
Internet
They are for internal use only
and are not available to those
outside the company
Firewall – Software used to
screen incoming data
Extranet – An intranet that
can be used by outside sources
who access it over the Internet
23. Slide 23
The Internet vs. Online Services
An online service is proprietary. It provides services through
its network. Some examples of services provided: e-mail, chat
rooms, customized content, and Internet access.
Web services provide a portal (gateway) to connect to the
Internet without offering many other services.
Online Service Web Service
24. Slide 24
E-Mail: Staying in Touch
E-mail is short for electronic mail.
It’s the most popular of the Internet services.
Messages are sent and received in a few seconds.
Attachments such as photos, music files, and any
document may be sent with the message.
25. Slide 25
Instant Messaging: E-Mailing Made Faster
Instant messaging systems let a user know when a friend or
business associate is online.
It provides a means of communicating through real-time,
text-based conversations.
29. Slide 29
Listservs: Electronic Mail Lists
A listserv is an automatic
list server.
Mail is sent to everyone
on the list when e-mail is
generated.
It is similar to a
newsgroup or a forum.
30. Slide 30
Internet Telephony
Internet telephony
consists of real-time
voice and video
conversations.
A microphone, sound
card, and digital video
camera are required for
videoconferencing.
31. Slide 31
Finding Information on the Web
Ways to find information on
the Web:
Browse or surf the Web – This
involves linking from one Web
page to another, and so forth.
Search the Web – This method
involves using search engines to
locate Web pages with the
information you’re looking for.
Subject guides – Web pages are
grouped under headings.
32. Slide 32
Using Search Engines
To use a search engine, you:
Choose a search engine (MSN, Lycos, Alta-Vista, Yahoo,
etc).
Type in one or more words describing your topic.
The search engine checks its database of Web pages
that contain the words typed.
The results are sent to your computer.
Clicking on the link takes you to that page.
33. Slide 33
Using Search Techniques
Learning a few search techniques can increase the
accuracy of Web searches.
Searches using search operators will improve search
performance.
Most search engines use the following search
operators:
Inclusion/exclusion operators
Wild cards
Phrases
Boolean operators
34. Slide 34
The following tables show the results of using and not using
search operators.
Words
Entered
Possible Results –
Web pages
containing
Fire station
Fire
station
Fire station
Words Entered Possible Results –
Web pages containing
+Fire+station Fire station
+Fire+station* Fire station
Fire stations
+Fire-station* Fire
“Fire station” Fire station
Fire and station Fire station
Fire or station
Fire
station
Fire station
Fire not station Fire
No Search Operators
Using Search Operators
Using Search Techniques
35. Slide 35
Rules for Evaluating Web Pages
1. Author – Who is the author?
2. Sources – Where does the information come from?
3. Server – Who provides the server for the page?
4. Objectivity – Is the information objective or one-
sided?
5. Style – Is the language objective or argumentative?
6. Purpose – What is the purpose of the page?
7. Accuracy – Is the information accurate?
8. Currency – Is the page up-to-date?
36. Slide 36
Summary
• The Internet is a global network providing direct access to
computers worldwide.
• Because of its cross-platform feature, computers of all types can
use the Internet.
• Related information, in hypertext documents, is referenced by
linking to other documents.
• The user’s Web browser is known as the client, and the Web
server retrieves documents requested by the client.
• A URL consists of the:
Protocol
Server
Path
Resource name
• Web pages are created using Hypertext Markup Language
(HTML).
37. Slide 37
Summary (continued)
• Online services are proprietary.
• Client software enables information to be accessed, and server
software delivers the information.
• An Internet address uniquely identifies each computer
connected to the Internet.
• Intranets enable companies to set up internal communications.
• Popular Internet services include:
E-mail
World Wide Web
FTP
Usenet
Listservs
Instant messaging
Internet Relay Chat
Internet telephony
38. Slide 38
Summary (continued)
• You can improve search results by using inclusion operators,
phrases, and Boolean operators.
• Critically evaluate the author’s credentials and purposes for
publishing when reading Web pages.