ICN provides a unified network and transport layer addressing content by name rather than by location. By disrupting traditional connection-oriented communication model, ICN simplifies data delivery, mobility management and secure transmission over an heterogeneous network access. In the demo, we select DASH video delivery as use case and show the benefits of ICN mobility management, in-network control (rate/loss) and network-assisted bitrate adaptation for a multi-homed user device. We also illustrate how ICN can effectively reduce transport cost via native edge caching and multi-point/multi-source communications over the backhaul. To that aim, we orchestrate an ICN-enhanced virtualized network backhaul and shows its utilization over time. Author : Giovanna Carofiglio, Cisco Systems Presented at ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020 Workshop and Demo Day, 7 December 2016. More details on the event : http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/201612/Pages/Programme.aspx

1. Mobile video delivery using ICN
Giovanna Carofiglio, Cisco Distinguished Engineer
Michele Papalini, Jacques Samain et al.
FG IMT-2020 Workshop and Demo Day
December 7, 2016

2. Mobility
Overlay
Security
Overlay
Transform the Overlaid IP Transport Network
Storage
Overlay
To an Integrated Mobile, Secured, Distributed Storage Network
Deliver services using a new communication
model that addresses modern Internet usage
& Exploits latest Future Internet Architecture
research
 Mobility – eliminate need for special
mobility overlays
 Security – guarantee the integrity of every
data object
 Storage – dynamic placement of information
anywhere in the network
Information Centric Networking
Providing a New Foundation
Collapsetosinglelayer

3. What Information Centric Networking brings
NAMED CONTENT
Slice Content into discrete namable
chunks
THREE MAJOR COMPONENTS
NAME BASED ROUTING
A name could refer to any number
of entities
TRANSPORT
ENHANCEMENTS
• Improved object-based security)
• Secure in-path caching
• Supports multipath / multicast capabilities
• Enables dynamic content-based routing
• Network based “DNS equivalent”
• User / Application identity no longer tied to IP
address supporting mobility, multipath / multicast
• Pull-based at network layer (not HTTP)
• Connectionless (robust to mobility)
• Exploits local cache for reuse or error recovery
• Unified unicast/multicast model

4. • Simplified core network architecture through built-in L2-agnostic anchorless mobility
support
• Seamless communication over an heterogenous and mobile access through
connectionless receiver-driven natively multipath transport
• Latency-reduction via in-network control and hop-by-hop dynamic forwarding
• Better user experience with transport cost reduction via edge caching/processing
• Unified unicast/multicast communication
• Improved security/confidentiality, flexibility to support different models
• Richer network-aware content analytics
ICN advantages for 5G

5. Mobility management approaches
• Consumer mobility is natively supported, in virtue of the connectionless and pull-based
communication model.
• Producer mobility is more challenging. Different categories of approaches: Global Routing (GR) requiring
all routers to be updated, or
Resolution-based
(DNS-like)
Anchor-Based
or Trace-based in ICN
Anchor-Less

6. MAP-Me, an anchorless mobility management protocol
for data delivery in ICN that:
• is access-agnostic, in order to cope with highly
heterogeneous wireless access and multi-homed/mobile
users
• works at network layer and at forwarding timescale to be
reactive enough to support real-time applications between
mobile consumers/producers
• leverages core ICN features like distributed hop-by-hop
stateful forwarding, connectionless communications,
object-based security
• doesn’t require any control/management plane operations
• has low overhead in terms of signaling, additional state at
routers and computational complexity in order to scale with
large network size
Our contribution: an anchorless solution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p26GODPxG
GE
Cisco Mobility demo @ MWC’16
J.Augé, G. Carofiglio, G. Grassi, L. Muscariello, G. Pau, X. Zeng, MAP-Me: Managing Anchor-less
Producer Mobility in ICN, under submission, accessible at http://arxiv.org/abs/1611.06785

7. Video PoC architecture and components
ULTRA
eNB
Client Access
LTE
Backhaul/Cor
e
Server
DASH players w
ICN rate adaptation, load-
balancing and trasport
ICN-enabled network
monitoring
analytics
4K VoD & Live
DASH ICN server
1
(h)ICN-enabled video
player (Infinite Home)
2 3 4
Hetnet Access
(WiFI,LTE over wire)
ICN forwarders and vICN
(virtualized ICN or ICN in a container)
ICN-enabled video server
Network slices

8. PoC components
1
2
3
ICN-enabled DASH video
client
Hetnet Access (WiFi, LTE)
Virtualized ICN forwarders
(vICN)
4 ICN-enabled DASH video
server

9. ICN DASH Video client architecture
Segment scheduler
ICN transport layer
Rate-based Buffer-based Hybrid RB-b
ABR Rate adaptation logic
Delay-based AIMD, Remote AQM, Multipath
path(s) bandwidth
estimate
playout buffer
ICN forwarder
Interest Data
HTTP DASH Video player
Load-balancer
f1 f2 f3
faces
prefix face, monit
p/seg1/# (f1,d1) …
…
• DASH video is partitioned into 2s segments
that the player may ask at different encoding
bitrates depending of network conditions
• The birate adaptation logic can be
• Rate-based
• Buffer-based
• Mixed Rate and Buffer based
ICN advantages:
• Receiver-based transport model, with
less throughput oscillations and smaller
retx delays via in-network
retransmission (WLDR)
• Fine granular per-packet network view
to feed rate adaptation logic
• Multipath-capable transport layer that
does not require a-priori knowledge of
sources/paths

10. Heterogeneous access
MME
SGW
PGW
EPC
eNB
Linux process
tap interface
UE
UE
UE
tap interface
PDSCH
PUSCH
Channels
LTE access
Pedestrian outdoor
propagation
AP
tap interface Linux process
STA
STA
STA
802.11n
Pedestrian outdoor propagation
tap interface
4G over wire WiFi over wire

11. Virtualized ICN architecture (vICN)
RESOURCE PROVIDER
Linux-based cluster w. LXC/LXD, OVS
ORCHESTRATOR
RESOURCE MODELS:
• nodes & interfaces
• channels (WiFi, etc.)
• applications
• mobility models…
• …
ICN MODULES:
• workload : consumer/producers
• forwarder
• face and route mgt.
vICN: CONTROL, MANAGEMENT & MONITORING PLANE
interfaces
GUI
CLI
API
Config.
YANG
modelconfigure
interact
monitor
SHADOW RESOURCE MODEL
• secure access / slicing
• consistency check
• deployment plan & sync.
• monitoring
USER DATA PLANE
DASH
server
ICN-enabled layer2 virtual network with
real, emulated & simulated nodes and links
ADMIN
NETWORK VIEW
{
DASH
player
USER VIEW

12. ICN DASH Video server architecture
ICN socket API
HTTP server
video boxing
MPD creation
data path
data path
Content creation
Live feed
packetization
naming
signature
prefix
p/seg1/# (f1,d1) …
…
ICN forwarder
HTTP DASH Video server

13. A result of connectionless request-reply ICN transport model
• Why a powerful feature:
• Standard TCP/IP congestion control poorly performs in presence of wireless losses and does not
handle mobile
• End-to-end control even loop is slow (at least 1 RTT)
• ICN enables sub-RTT loss detection and recovery by delegation at key network nodes
(consumer/producer/access points) of
• WLDR, MLDR (Wireless, Mobility Loss Detection and Recovery) mechanisms, the
latter generalized to congestion case.
In-network loss detection and recovery
wireless mobility congestion
N.Rozhnova, G.Carofiglio, L.Muscariello, M.Papalini, Leveraging ICN in-network Control for Loss Detection
and Recovery in Wireless Mobile Networks , in Proc. of ACM ICN 2016, Kyoto, September 2016.

14. Wireless Loss Detection and Recovery (WLDR)
consumer access point
next: 3 expected: 3Interest 3
new expected:
3 + 1 = 4
next: 4 expected: 4Interest 4
next: 5 expected: 4Interest 5
next: 6 expected: 4Interest 6
Loss
D et ect edEW LN (4,6)
new expected:
6 + 1 = 7
Key design ideas
WLDR is implemented at face level and introduces a per-face sequencing on packets to detect losses.
• Base station or Wireless node when receiving Interests or Data packets
• Uses the sequence number in the packets to reconstruct the sequence and detect potential losses
• If received seq differs from expected seq, sends notification to the wireless node/base station
• Base station or Wireless node when sending Interests or Data packets
• maintains a counter per-face indicating the sequence number for the next Interest to be sent
• Writes such sequencing when sending the packets

15. Key features and advantages
• ICN enables per-packet load-balancing (LB) over
dynamically discovered paths
• Packet vs segment granularity in LB permits to
exploit all available bandwidth in parallel while
avoiding Head of Line blocking
• Forwarding strategies can be video-specific and
quality-aware (e.g. in case of SVC for smart quality
layers to faces mapping)
• Forwarding strategies can be coupled to caching
policies to minimize overall latency
Dynamic load-balancing over hetnet access
w2 1/Residual RTT2 LTE
I1(prefix/v1/segment1/seq1)
I2.prefix/v1/segment1/seq2)
…
Optimal randomized weighted LB
…
G.Carofiglio, M.Gallo, L.Muscariello, M.Papalini, S. Wang, Optimal multiapath congestion control and request
forwarding in ICN , in Proc. of IEEE ICNP, Goettingen, October 2013.
G.Carofiglio, L.Mekinda, L.Muscariello, FOCAL: Forwarding and Caching strategies with Latency awareness
in ICN , in Proc. of IEEE Globecom, San Diego, December 2015, ext. version in Computer Network Journal.

16. Live DEMO

17. Demonstrated ICN advantages:
• Joint user and network-aware video rate adaptation at the client
• User QoE combined with per-content network monitoring (congestion, cache
proximity) to drive DASH rate adaptation over hetnet  QoE optimization
• Access-agnostic in-network Wireless Loss Detection & Recovery
• ICN enables in-network rather than e2e control  latency reduction
• Mobility-robust and congestion-aware dynamic multipath
• Seamless load-balancing over multiple available interfaces in parallel
• Fine-granular per-packet (not per segment) load-balancing better performance
• Unified unicast/multicast communication model
• Communication becomes multicast as soon as more than one user request
• No need for syncronisation of different flows/users simpler configuration
Conclusions

18. Network-assisted video delivery
• Network-assistance to drive rate adaptation at the client
• Video/quality-aware forwarding/caching strategies at network nodes
• SVC-enabled load-balancing in the network
• Unified unicast/multicast communication model
Unified single access control framework for
• unicast/multicast
• access-agnostic (for the consumer)
• multi-source (for the producer)
Future challenges to address

20. ICN deployment path & network slicing
Dedicated
Core 3
Dedicated
Core 1
RAN
MME
SGW PGWPGWPGW
Services
Services
DeCor or MOCN
APNs or GTP-C
Redirection
FMSS
ICN Router A ICN Router
CPGW
ICN Router B
ICN network slice
5G RAT
Wi-Fi
...
ICN Router E
ICN Router D
ICN Router F
ICN Router A
ICN Router E
ICN Router F
ICN Router
C
ICN Router D
ICN Router B
ICN Router A
ICN Router A