Presentation at 40th Meeting of WWRF, Durban, SOUTH AFRICA

1. Contents
CSIR 5G Testbed
Sabelo Dlamini

2. 2
Contents
• 5G Requirements
• Objectives
• Components
• Research
• Use Cases
• Research Directions

3. 3
5G Network Requirements
Broadband access in
dense areas
Broadcast-like
services
Lifeline
communications
Extreme real-time
communications
Massive Internet
of Things
Higher user
mobility
Broadband access
everywhere
Ultra-reliable
communications
SENSOR
NETWORKS
BROADCAST
SERVICES
E-HEALTH
SERVICES
HIGH SPEED
TRAIN
NATURAL
DISASTER
50+ MBPS
EVERYWHERE
TACTILE
INTERNET
PERVASIVE
VIDEO
A wide set of requirements need to be covered by the same infrastructure!
Low Latency High Bandwidth Fast Handover High Scaling
Low JitterUltra-High ReliabilityDynamic ScalabilityUltra-Low Latency
Source: 5G Network Slicing: A Killer App for SmartNICs

4. 4
CSIR 5G Testbed Objectives
• Provide Thought Leadership – leadership and direction in the development of the
next generation networks
• Human Capital Development – knowledge and skills developments in the core and
RAN technologies
• Drive Innovation – technical demonstration of new methods, ideas and products
• Standards and Policy Developments – contribute with meaningful results and
evidence-based policy contributions
• Contextualise Technologies – adopt/adapt new technologies for the country and
continent use cases
• 4th Industrial Revolution – position the country in the next industrial revolution with
practical and tested use cases

5. 5
Network Technologies in 5G Architecture
Lifecycle Service Orchestration
Network Slice Layer
Service
Orchestration
Software
Network
Functions
Physical
Infrastructure
Internet
SDN
Controller
Radio Access Network Core Network Internet
Future Wireless Networks Advanced Networks
RAN
Network
Management and Orchestration
Wi-Fi
Network
Orchestrator
Spectrum
Toolbox
Edge
Computing
EPC Core
SDN Core

6. 6
• Functionality includes the main network functions of the 3GPP 5G CN and the 3GPP EPC
– UE connectivity manager for Android and Linux
– AMF(MME-) – enabling authentication, authorization, handover, idle mode, SMS
– SMF(PGW-C+) – allocation of IP addresses and data paths, data path reselection
– UDM/UDR (HSS) – including S6a Diameter interface
– gNB(eNB) emulation with NAS overlay over IP communication
– UE emulation with NAS support
• Integrated with commercial eNBs
• Currently being used with COTS (normal) phones
Implementation of the 3GPP 5G architecture and the 3GPP EPC architecture (Release 14).
Fundamental 5G/4G core network functionality

7. 7
• The implemented functionality in the SMF enables the following scenarios:
– Support for multiple APNs and dedicated bearers
– Data path offloading for specific bearers (when connected to specific gNBs)
– Congestion triggered, network only data paths change
– Fast handover between Local Service Hosts (with and without IP address continuity)
Implements a large number of deployment scenarios for data path diversity using the CUPS feature
Data Path Diversity

8. 8
• The NB-IoT extension is addressing the current stringent needs of the 5G use cases to provide low power, low cost efficient
communication for a massive number of devices
• A prototype including the following features:
– Control Plane CIoT EPS Optimization
– Attach without PDN connectivity
– Non-IP Data Delivery (NIDD) and IP data delivery
– Network Exposure Function (NEF)/Service Capability Exposure Function (SCEF)
Implementation of the 3GPP NB-IoT features enabling the demonstration of low energy IoT communication
NB-IoT core network extension

9. 9
• The benchmarking tool and environment include the following functional features:
– Flexible and intuitive eNB topology configurations
– Flexible subscriber mobility and load patterns (can replay workloads)
– Support for x10000 emulated subscribers and x100 eNBs
– Support for S1-MME and S1-U interfaces and procedures
– Monitoring parameters - 50+ metrics including:
• Quality: Success rate, procedure delay at benchmarking tool
• Performance: procedure delay, compute and storage in the network
• On demand extensible for different:
– RAN topologies or functionality,
– mobility and resource patterns
– interfaces towards the network
Providing quantitative evaluations of different customized core networks on top of different resource
infrastructures
Benchmarking

10. 11
• The Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) can be placed as a separate component enabling:
– Indications to the AMF(MME-) to redirect the UE during attachment to another slice
– Indications to the gNB/eNB to direct the UE during sequent procedures to the appropriate slice
• NSSF can be integrated with the MME LB and with the gNB to act as a proxy for multiple slices
Uses the 3GPP DÉCOR for slice selection as an independent network function
Multi-slice support

11. 12
Private Network
Low Delay Operator Network
Edge-Central Functionality Split
Backhaul
MVNO
Network
Edge Node
Central Node
Highly depends on the type of edge network operator deployed and on the backhaul capabilities
Edge-Central Functionality Split

12. 13
• Using Unlicensed Spectrum only
– Using an independent access point with a separated
modem like WiFi now
– 5G-U / LTE-U – deployment of an LTE base station in
unlicensed spectrum (e.g. 5GHz)
• Combining Licensed and Unlicensed spectrum
– Carrier aggregation with WiFi
– Licensed assisted access (aggregating unlicensed access in
the same base station)
• Using licensed spectrum with limited lease
– Licensed Shared Access (LSA) – spectrum is allocated
through an independent broker
– Authorized Shared Access (ASA) – spectrum is leased by
the operator
Core
Network
LTE-U
Core
Network
WiFi
Spectrum allocation alternatives for local networks

13. 14
• Water management – providing remote control of water metering and device control
• Agriculture – connecting specific sensors with low cost wide-area wireless connectivity
• Earthquake detection – providing a sensor grid for data acquisition
Smart Agriculture Use Cases
The use cases are rather similar, albeit within different network conditions: connecting reliable an overlay of
fixed sensors

14. 15
• Secure and customized local access network (e.g. local WiFi, NB-IoT, LoRa network)
• Provide customized connectivity
• Secure backhaul connectivity
• Backhaul selection and aggregation
• Remote management and orchestration
• Management of the backhaul and of the edge routing
• Management of the data synchronization between edge and central locations
Enterprise 5G Networks Use Cases
Develop a secure local network / 5G overlay for bringing edge intelligence to the existing enterprise networks

15. 16
Autonomous
Networks
4IR
Multi-Operator
Networks
Dedicated Core
Networks and Edge
Computing
5G Software
Networks
NFV Orchestration
Industrial
Communication
Reliability and
Security & Privacy
Dedicated networks
Edge Computing
Dynamic O&M
Fault Management
Nomadic Edge
Low Delay Networks
Factory-floor
networks
Cognitive management
Security
Management
Smart
Agriculture
CSIR 5G Research Directions
Part of the:
Multimedia
Support
Water
Management

16. 17
Other Research opportunities
• Surveillance
• Mission critical applications
• Tactical scenarios
• e-Government Applications

17. Dankie
sabelo.dlamini@csir.co.za