The document discusses different lifestyles, including living in a city versus the country. It provides examples of two individuals - Stephen who lives in London and enjoys the hustle and bustle of city life as inspiration for his art, and Marianna who lives on a large ranch in Australia with her family and enjoys the healthy lifestyle and open spaces. While both describe advantages to their living situations, they also note challenges, such as noise and pollution in the city versus isolation and lack of local services on the ranch. The document aims to compare and contrast urban versus rural lifestyles.

1. Lifestyles
Use the prompts to describe the pictures ( A-E) to your partner
a. Clear lake, high mountains, trees, clean air
b. Busy motorway, a lot of cars, exhaust fumes, air pollution
c. Bus stop, well-dressed passengers in a queue, wait to get on bus
d. A variety of expensive shops, shoppers, modern escalators
e. Cosy house, pretty garden, lots of flowers and bushes

3. Look at the article and the introduction. What is the article about? Listen and
check
“ hi! My name is Stephen and I live in a tiny flat in Brixton,
south-west London. I chose to live here because there is
never a dull moment in a city like London. I’m an art
student and the hustle and bustle of so many people in one
area is the inspiration for a lot of my painting. Another
advantage of city life is having everything you need so
close at hand. Living beside the Tube station means I don’t
need a car to get around, which saves me money. Also,
there are shopping centers, art galleries and museums
everywhere. Of course, London, like any large city, has its
problems, too. Londoners don’t chat on the Tube or the
bus and there is much less community spirit than in the
country, where my parents live. In fact, they don’t
understand how I can put up with the constant noise and
pollution, and traffic congestion. However, I see that as a
small price to pay. I’m in my element here in the heart of
this fine city. As a famous poet once said. ‘ He who is tired
of London is tired of life’
“ Hello-or G’day’ as we say down under. My name is
Marianna and I live in New South Wales, Australia, on a
huge ranch called. The Rain River land, it’s beautiful area
with fantastic scenery. I live here with my husband Joe and
our two children, Patrick, 11, and Abby, 8. We have lived
on this ranch for several years and love our healthy
lifestyle. We have 70000 hectares of land, so the children
have lots of space to run around and enjoy the peace and
quiet. The air is clean and fresh and we produce a lot of
our own food so we are sure that what we eat is fresh.
There’s lots of hard work to do running a ranch, but we
don’t mind
Of course, there are some negative aspects to life out
here. There are often droughts in Australia , and
sometimes we can’t grow any crops for months. We feel
isolated sometimes, too especially since the nearest
neighbours are almost 100km away. Another problem is
that many things are not as easily available as in the city.
There are no local facilities such as schools, supermarkets
and shops, and if we are ill we have to call the flying
doctor. Although life here can be difficult, we wouldn’t
change it for the world”.

5. Grammar section:
• Adjective /Comparative and superlative degree
• The comparative form of an adjective is used
for comparing two people or things (e.g. he is
taller than me), while the superlative is used
for comparing one person or thing with every
other member of their group (e.g. he was the
tallest boy in the class).
• Adjectives make their comparative and
superlative forms in different ways, depending
on the base adjective itself. Here’s a quick-
reference guide to the spelling of comparative
and superlative adjectives:
• One-syllable adjectives.
Form the comparative and superlative forms of a one-
syllable adjective by adding –er for the comparative
form and –est for the superlative.
One-Syllable
Adjective
Comparative
Form
Superlative
Form
tall taller tallest
old older oldest
long longer longest

6. Mary is taller than Max.
Mary is the tallest of all the students.
Max is older than John.
Of the three students, Max is the oldest.
My hair is longer than your hair.
Max's story is the longest story I've ever heard
If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add –r for the comparative form
and –st for the superlative form.
One-Syllable Adjective
with Final -e Comparative Form Superlative
Form
large larger largest
wise wiser wisest
Mary's car is larger than Max's car.
Mary's house is the tallest of all the houses on the block.
Max is wiser than his brother.
Max is the wisest person I know.
If the one-syllable adjective ends with a single consonant with a vowel before it,
double the consonant and add –er for the comparative form; and double the
consonant and add –est for the superlative form.

7. John is happier today than he was yesterday.
John is the happiest boy in the world.
Max is angrier than Mary.
Of all of John's victims, Max is the angriest.
Mary is busier than Max.
Mary is the busiest person I've ever met.
Two-syllable adjectives ending in –er, -le, or –ow take –er and –est to form the
comparative and superlative forms.
Two-Syllable
Adjective Ending
with -er, -le, or -ow
Comparative Form Superlative Form
narrow narrower narrowest
gentle gentler gentlest
The roads in this town are narrower than the roads in the city.
This road is the narrowest of all the roads in California.
Big dogs are gentler than small dogs.
Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest

8. Adjectives with three or more syllables.
For adjectives with three syllables or more, you form the comparative with more
and the superlative with most
Adjective with
Three or
More Syllables
Comparative Form Superlative Form
generous more generous most generous
important more important most important
intelligent more intelligent most intelligent
John is more generous than Jack.
John is the most generous of all the people I know.
Health is more important than money.
Of all the people I know, Max is the most important.
Women are more intelligent than men.
Mary is the most intelligent person I've ever met.

9. Irregular adjectives.
Irregular Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form
good better best
bad worse worst
far farther farthest
little less least
many more most
Italian food is better than American food.
My dog is the best dog in the world.
My mother's cooking is worse than your mother's cooking.
Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst.

10. Circle the comparative and superlative forms in the quiz. Then, complete the table
Tourist attractions:
1. Which is the most popular tourist attraction in London? 4. which is the busiest shopping street in London?
a. The British Museum a. regent street
b. Buckingham Palace b. Oxford street
c. The Tower of London c. Piccadilly
2. What is the tallest landmark in London? 5. Which is the most expensive shopping district in London?
a. Big Ben a. Camden
b. The London eye b. Knightsbridge
c. The houses of parliament c. Chelsea
3. How many shops are there in London 6. The London Underground is the ….in the world
a. More than 50000 a. fastest
b. More than 20000 b. busiest
c. More than 30000 c. oldest

11. Ing and infinitive form
• Ing form is used
• As a noun. Jogging is very good for your health
• After certain verbs: admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, continue, deny, fancy,
go ( for activities), imagine, mind, miss, quit, save, suggest, practice, prevent.
Do you mind my opening the window?
• After love, like, enjoy, prefer, dislike, hate to express general preference.
Clara enjoys talking to her friends on the phone. But: for a specific
preference ( would like/ would prefer/would love) we use to- infinitive
• After expressions such as be busy, it’s no use, it’s no good, it’s (not) worth,
what’s the use of, can’t help, there’s no point (in), can’t stand, have difficulty
(in), have trouble, etc. there is no point in talking to Chris about it-he never
listens to you
• after spend, waste, or lose, ( time, money) he wasted a lot of time doing
nothing
• After the preposition to with verbs and expressions such as look forward to,
be used to , in addition to, object to, prefer ( doing sth to sth else). She
prefers swimming to playing tennis
• After other prepositions. He was thinking of getting a new job
• After the verbs hear, listen to, notice, see, watch, and feel to describe an
incomplete action. I heard Nick talking to Eva. ( I only heard part of the
conversation)
• But: we use the infinitive without to with hear, listen to, notice , see, watch
and feel to describe the complete action. I heard Nick tell the story. ( I heard
the whole story)
• Difference in meaning between the to –infinitive and ing form
• Some verbs can take either the to- infinitive or the ing form with a change in
meaning
• Forget + to- infinitive = not remember- she forgot to lock the door
• Forget +Ing form= not recall- we’ll never forget travelling around Africa
• Remember + to infinitive= not forget- did you remember to turn off the
computer?
• Remember+ ing form recall- I remember talking to Jenny at the party
• Mean + to infinitive= intend to – I’m sorry; I never meant to offend you
• Mean+ ing form = involve- if he gets this job, it will mean moving to a new
town
• Regret +to infinitive= be sorry to ( normally used in the present simple with
verbs such as say, tell, inform)- we regret to inform passengers that the Air
France flight to Paris has been delayed
• Regret+ ing form = feel sorry about- I regret losing touch with my old school
friend Robert
• Try + to- infinitive= attempt, do one’s best- I tried to call her but I couldn’t get
through
• Try+ ing form= do something as an experiment- why don’t you try changing
the batteries?
• Stop + to – infinitive= stop temporarily in order to do something else- after
working for five hours they stopped to have a rest
• Stop+ ing form = finish doing something- at five o’clock everyone stopped
working and went home.

12. Infinitive
• The to- infinitive
• To express purpose. She went to the clothes shop to buy a new dress
for the reception
• After certain verbs that refer to the future ( agree, appear,
decide,expect, hope, plan, promise, refuse, etc). They plan to buy a
new car
• After would like, would prefer, would love, etc express a specific
preference. I would prefer to stay at home tonight
• After adjectivies which describe feeling/ emotions ( happy, glad, sad,
etc), express willingness/ unwillingness ( eager, reluctant, willing, etc)
or refer to a person’s character ( clever, kind, etc) and the adjectives
lucky and fortunate. I was very glad to hear that Liz got married
• Note: with adjectives that refer to character we can also use an
impersonal construction. It was kind of you to help me with my essay
• After too/ enough. It isn’t warm enough to go out without a coat
• To talk about an unexpected event ( usually with only). I finally arrived
home only to find that I had left my keys at the office
• With it+ be+ adjective/ noun. It was easy to find the house after all
• After be+ first/ second/ next/ last. She was the first person to
congratulate me on my promotion
• After verbs and expressions such as ask, decide, explain, find out,
learn, want, want to know, etc. when they are followed by a question
word. Their Maths teacher explained how to solve the problem
• Note: why is followed by subject _ verb, not an infinitive, I wonder why
she didn’t let us know about it
• In the expressions to tell you the truth, to be honest, to sum up, to
begin with. To be honest, I don’t trust him anymore
• The infinitive without to ( also called bare infinitive) is used
• After modal verbs. Carol can speak Italian and French
• After the verbs let, make, see, hear and feel. They made her fill out a
lot of forms. But: we use to-infinitve after be made, be heard, be seen,
(passive form). She was made to fill out a lot of forms
• Note: When see, hear and watch are followed by an –ing form there is
no change in the passive. I saw him talking to Beth. He was seen
talking to Beth
• After had better and would rather. We had better avoid the town center
because the traffic is very heavy at the moment
• Help can be followed by either the to-infinitive or the infinitive without
to. She helped me (to) paint the kid’s bedroom
• To express general preference we use
• I prefer _ noun/-ing + to + noun/-ing
• I prefer ice cream to chocolate. I prefer swimming to sunbathing
• I prefer + to-infinitve + rather than+ bare infinitive
• I prefer to watch TV rather than read books

13. excellent good fair Poor
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excellent good fair Poor
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Curriculam Vitae (CV)
•Name: ……………………
•Date of birth: ………………………………
•Nationality: Mongolian
•Marital Status:
•Home address: Flat…. , door #... , Khoroolol-….., Khoroo-………… district , Ulaanbaatar
•Cell phone numbers:
•Postal address:
•E-mail:……………………….
•Educational background:
School of Foreign Language, at Mongolian State University of Education
•From to
•Required years of study -
•Diploma of degree-
School of Mongolian Study, at Mongolian State University of Education
•From to
•Required years of study -4
•Major-……………………………………….
•Diploma of degree- Bachelor
•Graduated with…..
College
•From to…………..
•Required years of study-
•Diploma of degree-
High school
•From to…………………..
•Required years of study -
•Diploma of degree- secondary education
•Working experience:……………………………………………..
•Work related skills:
•Language related skill:
Studied English for 4 years
•Computer related skills: