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Comparison
This document discusses the rules for forming comparatives and superlatives in English. It explains that the comparative form uses "than" to compare two objects or people, while the superlative shows which thing has a quality above others. It provides spelling rules for forming comparatives and superlatives depending on the adjective's syllable length and ending. Irregular forms like "good/better/best" are also covered. The document concludes with other forms of comparison like "as," "not so/as," and "less/least."
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Comparison
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- 2. + Comparative Form We use the comparative form to show the difference or compare and contrast two objects or people and we use THAN before what or who we are comparing to: Maria is taller than Juan. Miami is more modern than Lima.
- 3. + RULES TYPEOF ADJECTIVE SPELLING RULE COMPARTIVE Most 1 syllable adjectives. Add -er Older Brighter BUT! Dry Drier 1 syllable adjectives ending in –e. Add -r Nicer Safer 1 syllable adjectives ending in consonant + vowel + consonant. Double the last consonant and ad -er Bigger Fatter BUT! New Newer 2 syllable adjectives ending in –y. Drop the –y and add – ier. Easier Noisier 2 syllable adjectives not ending in –y. Put MORE before the adjective. More mature More patient Adjectives with 3 syllables or more Put MORE before the adjective. More aggressive More organised
- 4. + Comparative than John is older than Sue. The pound is more expensive than the dollar.
- 5. + Superlative Form The superlative is the form of an adjective or adverb that shows which thing has that quality above or below the level of the others: Brian is the tallest student in the class Paris in the most beautiful city in the world
- 6. + RULES TYPEOF ADJECTIVE SPELLING RULE COMPARTIVE Most 1 syllable adjectives. Add –est. Richest Oldest BUT! Dry Driest 1 syllable adjectives ending in –e. Add –st. Nicest Safest 1 syllable adjectives ending in consonant + vowel + consonant. Double the last consonant and ad – est. Biggest Thinnest BUT! New Newest 2 syllable adjectives ending in –y. Drop the –y and add – iest. Happiest Funniest 2 syllable adjectives not ending in –y. Put MOST before the adjective. Most boring Most patient Adjectives with 3 syllables or more Put MOST before the adjective. Most popular Most attractive
- 7. + Ofadjectives or adverbs is used before superlatives in sentences we use THE… (OF/IN) when we compare one person, animal, thing, idea or situation with several of the same kind. That’s the most ridiculous idea I've ever Heard. Peter is the tallest boy in his class.
- 8. + of all/ period of time. The + Superlative + in + place / group of people. Nick is the best student in his class. Rudolf Nurejev was the most important dances of the 20th century.
- 9. + IRREGULAR FORMS POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE Good/Well Bad/Badly Much/Many Little Far Better Worse More Less Farther/Further Best Worst Most Least Farthest/Furthest
- 10. + NOTE Some two syllable adjectives form comparative and superlatives in both ways. Adjective Comparative Superlative Clever Common Narrow Simple Cleverer / More Clever Commoner / More common Narrower / More narrow Simpler / More simpler Cleverest / Most Clever Commonest /Most common Narrowest / Most narrow Simplest / Most simple Comparatives can be graded by using the word far, much, a lot, a little, a bit, slightly. This car is much more expensive than the one I bought. The house we live in now is slightly bigger than the one we lived before.
- 11. + Other formsof comparison TYPE USE EXAMPLE As + adjective / adverb + As To show similarity She is as tall as her sister. Not so/as + adjective/adverb + as To show difference It isn’t so/as far as we thought. Less/least To show inferiority The film I saw yesterday was less interesting than the one I saw last week Comparative + and + comparative To indicate continual increase or decrease The car was going faster and faster