Unit 5.2 Welded joints
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The document discusses different types of welded joints including butt joints and fillet joints. It describes the geometry and strengths of square butt joints, single V-butt joints, and single and double U-butt joints used to join plates of different thicknesses. Fillet joints can be transverse or parallel and the document explains how to calculate the strengths of each type. Several example problems are also included showing how to calculate weld sizes for butt and fillet joints subjected to tensile, shear, bending, and eccentric loads.
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This document discusses various edges, joints, seams, and notches used in sheet metal work. It describes single and double hem edges, wire edges, grooved seam joints, cap strip seams, drive slip joints, 'S' joints, lap seams, grooved seams, Pittsburgh lock seams, standing seams, dovetail seams, and square, slant, and V notches. The purpose of each technique and how to calculate allowances are explained.
Welding Distortion Control.ppt
This document discusses various types of welding distortion including longitudinal, transverse, and angular distortion. It provides examples of how distortion occurs in butt welds, fillet welds, and T-joints due to restraint of expansion and contraction during the welding process. Methods to control and reduce distortion are covered, such as preheating, using proper joint design and welding sequence, and temporarily clamping components in a way that balances shrinkage forces. The importance of minimizing restraint and heat input is emphasized for limiting distortion in welded structures.
Multi-StageSheet Metal Fromed Bolted Fastener Design
This document discusses the development of a multi-stage sheet metal fastening design that eliminates nuts to reduce costs and improve manufacturing efficiency. Testing showed that while extruded, rivet, and PEM nuts exceeded torque specifications, shear/tap fasteners only marginally met specifications, failing through thread tear. To breakthrough this technology barrier, the basics of thread forming were revisited. Roll-forming threads through compression may improve performance over cutting threads.
IRJET- Analytical Investigation on Precast Concrete Column to Column Conn...
This document analytically investigates connections between precast concrete columns. Three types of column-to-column connections are modeled and analyzed: 1) a long bolt connection using bolts passing through end plates, 2) a welded steel bearing face connection, and 3) a reinforcing bar coupling connection. The long bolt connection is analyzed using finite element software and found to have a total deformation of 0.35476mm and normal stresses of 14.733MPa and -16.684MPa under monotonic loading, within permissible limits. The document also provides details on modeling the connections and material properties used in the analysis.
Esd ppt 150180106093,111,160183106008 GECDAHOD
The document discusses the design requirements for lacing, battening, and column bases according to IS 800-2007. It provides details on:
- Two types of lacing systems - single and double
- Design requirements for lacing including angle of inclination, slenderness ratio, effective lacing length, bar width and thickness
- Design of battening including number of battens, spacing, thickness, effective depth, and transverse shear
- Minimum thickness requirements for rectangular slab column bases
It also provides an example problem demonstrating the design of a slab base foundation for a column.
Design of connections
1) Connections are an important part of steel structures as they allow different structural elements to act together as a single unit by transferring forces between members. Common types of connections include riveted, bolted, welded, and pinned connections.
2) Bolted connections use bolts with heads and threaded ends to connect structural elements. Steel washers are often included to distribute clamping pressure and prevent bearing on connected pieces.
3) Design of bolted connections considers factors like bolt grade, type of joint, edge and end distances, pitch, and capacity in shear, tension, and bearing to ensure the connection can safely transfer loads between members. Failure can occur in bolts or connected elements due to various limit
Design of tension members
Tension members can fail due to three modes:
1. Gross section yielding, where the entire cross-section yields
2. Net section yielding, where the reduced cross-section after subtracting holes yields
3. Block shear failure, which also occurs in welded connections along planes of shear and tension
The design strength is the minimum of the strengths from these three failure modes. Block shear is demonstrated using a failed gusset plate connection with failure planes around the weld. The problem determines the tensile strength of a plate connected to a gusset plate, calculating the strength based on gross section yielding, net section yielding, and block shear failure.
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Multi-StageSheet Metal Fromed Bolted Fastener Design
Multi-StageSheet Metal Fromed Bolted Fastener Design
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The document discusses product engineering and computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). It defines product engineering as the process of designing a device to be manufactured and sold, considering factors like cost, quality, and market needs. CAD is described as faster and more accurate than manual drawing, allowing easy editing and reuse of components. CAM is said to enable greater design freedom, productivity, and reliability while reducing costs. Concurrent engineering is introduced as an approach that involves cross-functional teams from the start to reduce the product development cycle.
CAD/CAM Lecture #4
This document provides an overview of CAD/CAM systems and processes. It discusses the product cycle and how CAD/CAM is integrated at various stages from concept development to manufacturing. The key stages of a typical CAD process and CAM process within a CAD/CAM system are described. The achievements enabled by CAD/CAM technologies are listed. Product engineering is discussed as dealing with both the design and manufacturing aspects of a product while considering factors like cost, producibility and other specifications.
CAD/CAM Lecture #3
This document provides an overview of computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies. It discusses the benefits of CAD/CAM and lists over 20 common computer-aided technologies such as CAD, CAE, CAPP, CNC, and CAM. The influence of computers on the manufacturing environment is described, showing how CAD, CAM, and other technologies integrate across the product development cycle. Finally, a diagram illustrates how CAD/CAM can be overlaid onto the traditional product cycle from concept to manufacturing to improve the process.
CAD/CAM Lecture #2
The document discusses computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). It begins by introducing CAD as using computers to assist in design processes like defining geometry, analysis, and optimization. CAM uses computers to plan, manage, and control manufacturing operations. The benefits of CAD/CAM over manual drafting include increased accuracy, easier modification, storage, and sharing of designs. CAD systems require hardware like workstations, computers, and output devices. Graphics software is used for modeling, drafting, analysis and optimization. Computers have influenced manufacturing by allowing for computer monitoring and control of processes as well as manufacturing support applications.
CAD/CAM Lecture #1
This document provides an introduction and overview of a CAD/CAM course. The objectives are to familiarize students with CAD/CAM terminology, software, and basic tools. Students will learn how to apply CAD concepts to engineering design problems and integrate CAD and CAM systems by using CAD for modeling and converting designs to CAM for manufacturing. The course will cover topics like geometric modeling, solid modeling, numerical control, and computer integrated manufacturing systems. CAD is used in mechanical engineering applications like automotive, aerospace, tool and die making to create 2D and 3D designs for analysis, simulation, and prototyping.
Unit 3.1 Design of Shaft
A transmission shaft supports two gears and is mounted between two bearings. The document provides the pitch circle diameters of the two gears as 900 mm and 600 mm respectively. It also provides material properties and states that ASME code factors kb and kt are 1.5 and 2.0. The question asks to determine the shaft diameter using the ASME code, taking into account that the gears are connected to the shaft by keys.
Unit 3.2 Design of Clutches
Here are the steps to solve this problem:
1. Power at 25% overload = 15 * 1.25 = 18.75 kW
2. Torque = Power / Speed = 18.75 * 1000 / 720 = 26 Nm
3. Engagement speed = 0.75 * 720 = 540 rpm
4. Given: No. of shoes = 4
Outside dia. of pulley = 35 cm = 0.35 m
Inside dia. of pulley rim = 32.5 cm = 0.325 m
Width of pulley = 25 cm = 0.25 m
5. Design the shoes and springs based on given data and centrifugal clutch formulae.
6. Check initial clearance between friction
Unit 2.2 Design of keys
This document discusses different types of machine keys used to connect rotating elements like shafts, gears, and pulleys. It describes saddle keys, sunk keys, taper keys, parallel keys, and feather keys. Design considerations for keys include preventing slippage while transmitting torque. Keys are designed based on withstanding shear and compressive stresses. Sample problems demonstrate how to calculate the required key dimensions given input torque and shaft dimensions. Splines are also discussed as an alternative to keys, with their torque capacity determined by factors like spline area, mean radius, and permissible pressure.
Unit 2.1 basic elements design
A cotter joint connects two coaxial rods subjected to axial forces. It uses a tapered wedge-shaped steel cotter to rigidly connect the rods. The document provides design equations to calculate dimensions of socket and spigot cotter joints and sleeve and cotter joints to withstand axial loads based on permissible stresses of the material. It also describes the design of knuckle joints and provides standard proportions. Design examples are given for different joint configurations.
Unit I- general consideration
Design involves formulating a plan to satisfy a particular need and create something with physical reality. When designing a chair, factors like purpose, intended user (adult or child), material strength and cost, aesthetics, and ergonomics must be considered. Machine design uses technical information, scientific principles, and imagination to design machines to perform specific functions with maximum economy and efficiency. This document discusses various machine design considerations and principles like types of loads, material selection, and theories of failure.
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This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
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UC Berkeley毕业证原版定制【微信：176555708】【加利福尼亚大学|伯克利分校毕业证成绩单-学位证】【微信：176555708】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
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◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
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本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
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【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
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◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
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7:个人信誉贷款加10分
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Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniques
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
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Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power System
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
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Unit 5.2 Welded joints
- 1. Welded joint • Welding can be defined as a process of joining metalic parts by heating to a suitable temperature with or without the application of pressure. • Welding is an economical and efficient method for obtaining a permanent joint of metalic parts. • Types of welded joints: a) Butt joint b) fillet joint 1Unit V Welded Joint11/5/2019
- 2. 1. Butt joint • A Butt joint can be defined as a joint between two components lying approximately in the same plane. It connects the ends of the two plates. • The but joints may be:- a. Square butt joint (thickness of the plates < 5 mm) b. Single V- butt joint ( 5 < t < 25 mm ) c. Single U- butt joint ( t > 20 mm) d. Double V- butt joint ( t > 30 mm) e. Double U- butt joint ( t > 30 mm) 2Unit V Welded Joint11/5/2019
- 3. 2. fillet joint • A filet joint also called as lap joint is a joint between two overlapping plates or components. • The fillet joints are of two types (a) transverse fillet- if the direction of the weld is perpendicular to the direction of force 3Unit V Welded Joint11/5/2019
- 4. 11/5/2019 Unit V Welded Joint 4 (b)Parallel fillet- if the direction of the weld is parallel to the direction of force
- 5. 1. Strength of Butt Joint The average tensile stress in the weld is given by In this case Throat of the weld (h) = Thickness of plate (t) Hence Strength of the butt joint P= σt t l 11/5/2019 Unit V Welded Joint 5
- 6. 2 (a) Strength of parallel fillet welded joints: Consider a double parallel fillet welded joint:- Let h = Leg of the weld (size of the weld) t = Throat of the weld ( Minimum cross section of the weld located at 450 to the leg dimension. t = h Cos 450 = 0.707 h • Failure of the fillet weld occurs due to shear along the minimum cross section at the throat. • Shear stress in the fillet weld • Strength of the single parallel fillet weld 6Unit V Welded Joint11/5/2019
- 7. 2 (b) Strength of transverse fillet welded joints: • Failure due to tensile stress occurs at the throat section. Tensile stress in the transverse fillet weld Strength of weld For double transverse 7Unit V Welded Joint11/5/2019
- 8. 2 (C) Combination of transverse and parallel fillet Strength of the welded joint = strength of transverse fillet + strength of parallel fillet 8Unit V Welded Joint11/5/2019
- 9. Problem.1 Two steel plates, 120 mm wide and 12.5 mm thick are joint together by means of double transverse fillet welds, as shown in fig. The maximum tensile stress for the plates and the welding material should not exceed 110 N/mm2. Find the required length of the weld if the strength of weld is equal to the strength of the plates. 9Unit V Welded Joint11/5/2019 Axially Loaded welded Joint-
- 10. Problem.2 A steel plate, 100 mm wide and 10 mm thick is joined with another steel plate by means of a single transverse and double parallel fillet welds as shown in fig. The strength of the welded joint should be equal to the strength of the plates to be joined. The permissible tensile and shear stress for the weld material and the plates are 70 and 50 N/mm2, respectively. Find the length of each parallel fillet welds. Assume the tensile force acting on the plates as static. 10Unit V Welded Joint11/5/2019
- 11. 11/5/2019 Unit V Welded Joint 11 Problem 3. A welded connection of steel plates as shown in fig. is subjected to an eccentric force of 10 kN. Determine the throat dimensions of the weld if the permissible shear stress is limited to 95 N/mm2. Assume static conditions. All dimensions are in mm. Nov-Dec 2012,Nov Dec 2013 Eccentrically Loaded welded Joint-
- 12. 11/5/2019 Unit V Welded Joint 12 Problem 4. A rectangular steel plate is welded as a cantilever to a vertical column and supports a single concentrated load P as shown in fig. Determine the size of the weld if shear stress in the same is not to exceed 140 MPa. April May 2010
- 13. 11/5/2019 Unit V Welded Joint 13 Problem 5. A weld connection is subjected to eccentric force of 60 kN in the plane of weld. Determine the size of the weld if the permissible shear stress in the weld is limited to 100 N/mm2. April May 2013
- 14. 11/5/2019 Unit V Welded Joint 14 Problem 6. Determine the size of the weld required for static loading in the eccentrically loaded weld as shown in fig. the effective length of the weld is 12.5 mm shorter than the weld to allow for starting and stopping of the weld. April May 2012
- 15. 11/5/2019 Unit V Welded Joint 15 Problem 7. A beam of rectangular cross section is welded to a support by means of fillet welds as shown in Fig,. Determine the size of welds, if the permissible shear stress in the weld is limited to 75 N/mm2. Welded Joint subjected to bending Moment-
- 16. 11/5/2019 Unit V Welded Joint 16 Problem 8. A circular shaft 50 mm in diameter is welded to a support by means of a fillet weld as shown in fig. determine the size of the weld if the permissible shear stress in the weld is limited to 100 N/mm2. April May & Nov-Dec 2011
- 17. 11/5/2019 Unit V Welded Joint 17 Problem 9. Find the maximum shear stress induced in the weld of 6mm size when a channel as shown in fig is welded to a plate and loaded with 20 kN force Nov-Dec 2010