Unit 5
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The document discusses Spain during the Middle Ages. It describes how the Visigoths established a kingdom after the fall of the Roman Empire but were then conquered by Muslim forces who established the territory of Al-Andalus. As Muslims gained control of southern Spain, many Christians fled north and established their own kingdoms. This led to ongoing conflicts between the Christian kingdoms and Muslim state as the former sought to regain control through the Reconquista.
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Unit 2. spain in the middle ages
1) During the Middle Ages, Spain was divided between Christian kingdoms in the north and a Muslim state called Al-Andalus in the south.
2) In 711, Muslim forces conquered the Visigothic Christian kingdom and established Al-Andalus, reaching as far as central France. Al-Andalus experienced a golden age of culture and learning under Islamic rule.
3) As Muslim rule expanded, many Christians fled north and established small kingdoms like Asturias, beginning the centuries-long Reconquista to retake Al-Andalus in the name of Christianity.
Middle ages summary
The document summarizes Spain in the Middle Ages, including the arrival of the Visigoths who conquered Hispania and adopted Roman laws and Latin, the Muslim conquest of Al-Andalus led by the Umayyad Caliphate based in Cordoba, and the subsequent Reconquista by Christian kingdoms over several centuries to drive the Moors from the Iberian Peninsula, culminating in the fall of Granada in 1492.
Middle Ages
The Visigoths took over Spain after defeating the Roman Empire, making Toledo their capital, until the Muslims invaded in 711 and established al-Andalus. For several centuries, Muslims, Jews, and different Christian groups coexisted and built significant architectural landmarks in al-Andalus's cities. By 1492, the Christians had fully reconquered Spain and established a society divided between privileged and non-privileged classes, developing Romanesque and Gothic structures as the Muslim influence on Andalusian culture and architecture remained strong.
End of the crusades
When the Crusades ended in 1192, Richard I of England and Salah al-Din signed a treaty allowing Muslims to keep cities near Palestine and Christians access to Jerusalem. Further Crusades occurred in 1212 and an unsuccessful Children's Crusade was led by peasant children. Meanwhile, the Reconquista involved the battle for control of the Iberian Peninsula between Christians and Muslims, with Muslims gradually losing more land. In the 1400s, Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand unified Spain as Catholic through the Inquisition, harshly persecuting converted Muslims and Jews, burning thousands at the stake. After the Crusades, the Mongols also invaded Muslim lands led by Genghis Khan, defeating the Sel
Spain in the middle ages
The document provides information about Spain during the Middle Ages. It discusses the various groups that inhabited the Iberian Peninsula during this time period, including the Visigoths, Muslims, and Christians. The Visigoths established a kingdom in Toledo after conquering Roman Hispania in the 5th century AD. In 711 AD, Muslim forces conquered the Visigothic Kingdom and established al-Andalus, a Muslim state covering much of modern-day Spain and Portugal. For several centuries, Christian kingdoms in the north fought to regain territory from al-Andalus in a process known as the Reconquista, which ended in 1492 with the fall of Granada.
Middle Ages
In 711, Muslim forces invaded and conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula except a small part of northern Spain, establishing Al-Andalus. For over 700 years, Muslims and Christians fought for control of the region. By the end of the Middle Ages, Christian forces had grown stronger and began to reconquer the territory. Under Abd al-Rahman III in 756, the Umayyad dynasty established the Caliphate of Córdoba, a Muslim kingdom ruled by a caliph. Society in Al-Andalus was divided into Muslims, Christians, and Jews, with people living in walled towns and cities containing markets, mosques, and fortified palaces.
Islamic world
محاضره تعريفيه بسيطه عن العالم الاسلامي
A simple lecture about what the term "Islamic World" entitles.
Reconquista & Spanish Inquisition questions
The Reconquista was a series of wars between 718 and 1492 where Christian kingdoms fought to regain control of the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslim Moors. The Moors had invaded Iberia from North Africa in 711 and controlled most of the region. The Reconquista began in 718 with a Christian victory at the Battle of Covadonga. It took over 700 years of fighting before the Christians defeated the last Muslim stronghold of Granada in 1492, completing the Reconquista.
Recommended
Unit 2. spain in the middle ages
1) During the Middle Ages, Spain was divided between Christian kingdoms in the north and a Muslim state called Al-Andalus in the south.
2) In 711, Muslim forces conquered the Visigothic Christian kingdom and established Al-Andalus, reaching as far as central France. Al-Andalus experienced a golden age of culture and learning under Islamic rule.
3) As Muslim rule expanded, many Christians fled north and established small kingdoms like Asturias, beginning the centuries-long Reconquista to retake Al-Andalus in the name of Christianity.
Middle ages summary
The document summarizes Spain in the Middle Ages, including the arrival of the Visigoths who conquered Hispania and adopted Roman laws and Latin, the Muslim conquest of Al-Andalus led by the Umayyad Caliphate based in Cordoba, and the subsequent Reconquista by Christian kingdoms over several centuries to drive the Moors from the Iberian Peninsula, culminating in the fall of Granada in 1492.
Middle Ages
The Visigoths took over Spain after defeating the Roman Empire, making Toledo their capital, until the Muslims invaded in 711 and established al-Andalus. For several centuries, Muslims, Jews, and different Christian groups coexisted and built significant architectural landmarks in al-Andalus's cities. By 1492, the Christians had fully reconquered Spain and established a society divided between privileged and non-privileged classes, developing Romanesque and Gothic structures as the Muslim influence on Andalusian culture and architecture remained strong.
End of the crusades
When the Crusades ended in 1192, Richard I of England and Salah al-Din signed a treaty allowing Muslims to keep cities near Palestine and Christians access to Jerusalem. Further Crusades occurred in 1212 and an unsuccessful Children's Crusade was led by peasant children. Meanwhile, the Reconquista involved the battle for control of the Iberian Peninsula between Christians and Muslims, with Muslims gradually losing more land. In the 1400s, Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand unified Spain as Catholic through the Inquisition, harshly persecuting converted Muslims and Jews, burning thousands at the stake. After the Crusades, the Mongols also invaded Muslim lands led by Genghis Khan, defeating the Sel
Spain in the middle ages
The document provides information about Spain during the Middle Ages. It discusses the various groups that inhabited the Iberian Peninsula during this time period, including the Visigoths, Muslims, and Christians. The Visigoths established a kingdom in Toledo after conquering Roman Hispania in the 5th century AD. In 711 AD, Muslim forces conquered the Visigothic Kingdom and established al-Andalus, a Muslim state covering much of modern-day Spain and Portugal. For several centuries, Christian kingdoms in the north fought to regain territory from al-Andalus in a process known as the Reconquista, which ended in 1492 with the fall of Granada.
Middle Ages
In 711, Muslim forces invaded and conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula except a small part of northern Spain, establishing Al-Andalus. For over 700 years, Muslims and Christians fought for control of the region. By the end of the Middle Ages, Christian forces had grown stronger and began to reconquer the territory. Under Abd al-Rahman III in 756, the Umayyad dynasty established the Caliphate of Córdoba, a Muslim kingdom ruled by a caliph. Society in Al-Andalus was divided into Muslims, Christians, and Jews, with people living in walled towns and cities containing markets, mosques, and fortified palaces.
Islamic world
محاضره تعريفيه بسيطه عن العالم الاسلامي
A simple lecture about what the term "Islamic World" entitles.
Reconquista & Spanish Inquisition questions
The Reconquista was a series of wars between 718 and 1492 where Christian kingdoms fought to regain control of the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslim Moors. The Moors had invaded Iberia from North Africa in 711 and controlled most of the region. The Reconquista began in 718 with a Christian victory at the Battle of Covadonga. It took over 700 years of fighting before the Christians defeated the last Muslim stronghold of Granada in 1492, completing the Reconquista.
La reconquista, by laura
The document summarizes the Reconquista in Spain over four stages from the 8th to 15th centuries. In the first stage, King Pelayo of Asturias defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Covadonga in 722, beginning the Reconquista. In the second stage, King Alfonso VI defeated the Muslims in Toledo in 1085. The third stage saw continued victories as the Christian kingdoms united. Finally, the Catholic Monarchs Isabel and Fernando defeated the last Muslim kingdom in Granada in 1492, completing the Reconquista.
Reconquista timeline by centuries and map
The Reconquista began in the 8th century following the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. Over several centuries, the Christian kingdoms in the north grew stronger and were able to defeat divided Muslim territories, conquering areas from north to south. A major victory for the Christians occurred at the Battle of Navas de Tolosa in 1212. The final stage saw the marriage of Fernando II of Aragon and Isabella II of Castile, who formed a powerful united kingdom. This enabled them to conquer the last remaining Muslim kingdom of Granada in 1492, completing the Reconquista.
Proyecto middle ages carolina
The document discusses the Middle Ages in Spain after the fall of the Roman Empire. It describes how the Visigoths came to Spain in the 5th century but were later defeated by the Muslims in 711, who then conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula except for a small northern territory called Asturias. For over 700 years, the Visigoths and Muslims fought for control. Society was divided among Muslims, Christians, and Jews who lived in walled cities and towns and engaged in commerce at outdoor markets. Each religious group had their own houses of worship. The legacy of this period of Islamic rule in Spain, known as al-Andalus, included advances in medicine, astronomy, mathematics and technology.
The legacy of al andalus
The Muslims made several important contributions to Spain during their rule of Al-Andalus including advances in science, technology, and agriculture. They introduced new discoveries in medicine, astronomy, and mathematics as well as inventions like the compass and paper. The Muslims also constructed iconic buildings like mosques and libraries and were led by important figures such as Abderramán III, Maimónides, and Averroes. Additionally, they brought innovations to Spanish agriculture through new irrigation techniques and crops.
Spanish reconquest
The Spanish Reconquest began in 711 AD after the Battle of Guadalete River and the overthrow of the Visigoth Kingdom by Muslim forces. Over the next four centuries, various Christian kingdoms advanced southward across the Iberian Peninsula, retaking territory from Muslim control. By 1252, only the Kingdom of Granada remained as a sovereign Muslim state. Ferdinand and Isabella completed the Reconquest in 1492 with their victory over Granada and the expulsion of remaining Muslims and Jews from Spain.
Jews and the reconquista
The document discusses the Reconquista, the nearly 800-year period when Christian kingdoms succeeded in retaking the Muslim-controlled areas of the Iberian Peninsula. It provides activities for students to learn about how Jews lived under Muslim rule, the impact of the fight between Christians and Muslims on Jews, the Spanish Inquisition and its effects, and how the Reconquista ultimately led to Jews being forced to leave Iberia. Students are instructed to create a timeline from 700 CE to 1600 CE noting key events in the Reconquista and their effects on Jews.
Presentación alberto y manuel
The history of Spain can be summarized in three periods:
1) Prehistory, when the first humans appeared 2 million years ago and left paintings in caves. This period included the Stone Age and Metal Age.
2) Roman rule, when Rome conquered Iberia and established a social hierarchy divided between slaves, freedmen, plebeians, patricians, senators and rulers.
3) The Reconquista, a over 700 year period where Christian kingdoms gradually reconquered the Iberian Peninsula from the Moors through several important battles, culminating in the fall of Granada in 1492 and the expulsion of remaining Muslims, bringing the entire region under Christian rule.
Stages of reconquista
The document outlines the four stages of the Reconquista from the 8th to 15th centuries. Each stage involved important facts, battles, and people. The first stage from the 8th to 10th centuries saw the creation of small Christian kingdoms in the north and the pivotal Battle of Covadonga led by King Pelayo of Asturias against the Muslims. The second stage in the 11th and 12th centuries occurred as Muslim Al-Andalus fragmented and Christians grew stronger, culminating in the Battle of Toledo. The third stage in the 13th-14th centuries saw further Christian victories like the Battle of Navas de Tolosa and the influential rule of Alfonso X. Finally,
Story Of Andalusia
This document provides a summary of 781 years of Muslim history in Al-Andalus (711-1492 AD) including: the opening of Iberia by Tariq ibn Ziyad in 711 AD; the expansion of Muslim rule over Iberia after defeating King Roderic at the Battle of Guadalete; periods of decline and rule by petty kingdoms (taifas); the establishment of the Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba by Abd ar-Rahman I which brought stability; the golden age under Caliphs Abd al-Rahman III and Al-Hakam II when Córdoba rivaled Baghdad as the largest, most advanced city
Islam and al-Andalus
The document provides an overview of Islam and its expansion into al-Andalus (Islamic Iberia). It discusses the origins and spread of Islam from the Arabian Peninsula in the 7th century. It then focuses on the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula in 711 AD and the establishment of the Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba, which later became the independent Caliphate of Cordoba - a golden age of prosperity. This caliphate eventually broke into rival taifa kingdoms, with the Taifa of Granada surviving until 1492. The economy was based on trade and highly developed agriculture, and society was multi-cultural with Muslim and non-Muslim populations. Islamic culture flour
Stages of reconquista hugo , david and guillermo
The document summarizes the four stages of the Reconquista:
1) From the 8th to 10th centuries, small Christian kingdoms formed in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, beginning with King Pelayo's victory over the Muslims at the Battle of Covadonga in 722.
2) From the 11th to 12th centuries, Al-Andalus broke into rival taifa kingdoms and the Christians grew stronger, such as King Alfonso VI's victory over the Muslims at the Battle of Toledo in 1085.
3) In the 13th and 14th centuries, Christian kingdoms united and defeated the Muslims in more battles, while figures like Alfon
Chapter 9 notes
Spain was influenced to support Columbus's voyage by a desire to convert people to Christianity and find wealth, especially gold, to finance wars and strengthen the Spanish economy. Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand expelled Jews and Muslims from Spain and wanted to spread Catholicism globally to "save souls." Columbus made four voyages with increasingly larger fleets and instructions to establish permanent colonies, hoping to find riches like gold in the Americas.
Chapter 9 notes
The document summarizes the history of Spain from the Muslim conquest in the 8th century through the late 15th century. It describes how Spain was ruled by Muslims for several centuries and became a center of learning, trade, and religious tolerance before the Reconquista led to the rise of Christian rule and the expulsion of religious minorities. It then discusses how Ferdinand and Isabella unified Spain under Catholicism through the Inquisition and drove exploration to build the Spanish empire.
Islam Spreads - By Mateo Andrade
1) After Muhammad's death, Abu Bakr unified the Arab tribes under Islam and launched a series of military conquests, spreading Islam rapidly across the Middle East and North Africa.
2) The Arab armies were highly successful due to the exhaustion of the Byzantine and Persian empires from fighting each other, as well as the acceptance of Arab rule by some populations.
3) Islam continued spreading through conquest and conversion, reaching as far as Spain, Sicily, Central Asia, and parts of India and establishing prosperous Muslim rule, culture, and architecture in many regions.
Al andalus
The political situation in the Iberian Peninsula in the early 8th century was unstable, with a civil war occurring between King Rodrigo and the family of the previous king, Witiza. When the Witiza family hired Muslim mercenaries from North Africa to fight for them, the Muslim army led by Musa and Tariq defeated Rodrigo's forces and went on to conquer most of the peninsula over the next few years due to the weakness of the Visigothic nobles. Al-Andalus began as an emirate dependent on the Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus, but it became independent under Emir Abd al-Rahman in 756 and later a caliphate under
Al-Andalus
This document discusses the history of Islam and its arrival in the Iberian Peninsula, known as Al-Andalus. It began with the Umayyad conquest in 711 AD and the creation of an Islamic state. Muslims ruled Al-Andalus until 1492, leaving influences on Spanish culture, art, customs and language. The golden age was the Caliphate of Cordoba in the 10th century, though Al-Andalus eventually fractured and was reduced to the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada by the 13th century before the final Islamic rule ended in 1492.
The rise and fall of islamic spain
The document summarizes the rise and fall of Islamic rule in Spain from 711 CE to 1492 CE. It describes how Muslims conquered Spain in just 2 years and went on to rule for over 800 years, establishing an enlightened society with advances in education, science, architecture and more. However, internal fighting and disunity later weakened the Islamic empire, allowing Christian kingdoms to gradually reconquer territory until the fall of the last Muslim stronghold of Granada in 1492, bringing an end to over 800 years of Islamic rule in Spain.
Unit 5 lesson 2 muslim dynasties
After the death of Abu Bakr, disputes over succession led to the establishment of the Umayyad dynasty in 661. The Umayyads expanded the Islamic empire significantly but faced revolts due to discrimination, splitting Islam into the Sunni and Shia sects. In 750, the Abbasid dynasty overthrew the Umayyads and moved the capital to Baghdad, ushering in a period of prosperity. However, regional rulers gained independence and the Fatimid dynasty was later overthrown by the Seljuk Turks, leading the Byzantine emperor to request Christian assistance and launching the Crusades between Christians and Muslims.
Unit 5 Social Science
During the Middle Ages in Spain:
- The Iberian Peninsula was divided between several Christian kingdoms in the north and a large Muslim state called al-Andalus in the south, after Muslim armies conquered the region in the 8th century.
- Al-Andalus had a highly developed culture and economy but was eventually reconquered by the expanding Christian kingdoms between the 8th-15th centuries in a process known as the Reconquista.
- By 1492, the Christian conquest was completed when Granada fell and the Muslims were expelled from the Iberian Peninsula.
Morality in ummayad and abbasid time period
The presentation is about Morality in Ummayad and Abbasid time period. Th e presentation includes:
~What is Morality?
~Morality in Islam
~Sources of Morality in Islam
~Ummayad Dynasty
~Morality in Ummayad Dynasty
~Fall of Ummayads
~Abbasid Dynasty
~Morality in Abbasid Dynasty
~Fall of Abbasid Dynasty
~Conclusion
U4&6. middle ages in the iberian peninsula
711: The Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula began under Tarik ibn Ziyad, establishing Al-Andalus.
Between 711-1492, parts of the Iberian Peninsula were ruled by Muslim states in the south (Al-Andalus) while Christian kingdoms occupied the north, with the border fluctuating as the Reconquista progressed. By 1492, the Catholic Monarchs had completed the Reconquista with the fall of Granada, the last Muslim state.
Middle Ages
The Visigoths invaded and settled in Hispania in the 5th century, establishing a kingdom with its capital in Toledo. The Visigothic Kingdom lasted until 711 AD when the Muslims invaded and conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula, establishing the emirate of Al-Andalus. Al-Andalus became an independent province ruled from Cordoba and brought Islamic culture and rule to Iberia for over 800 years. Meanwhile, the Christian kingdoms expanded northward until they began the Reconquista in the 11th century, eventually conquering the last Muslim kingdom of Granada in 1492.
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La reconquista, by laura
The document summarizes the Reconquista in Spain over four stages from the 8th to 15th centuries. In the first stage, King Pelayo of Asturias defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Covadonga in 722, beginning the Reconquista. In the second stage, King Alfonso VI defeated the Muslims in Toledo in 1085. The third stage saw continued victories as the Christian kingdoms united. Finally, the Catholic Monarchs Isabel and Fernando defeated the last Muslim kingdom in Granada in 1492, completing the Reconquista.
Reconquista timeline by centuries and map
The Reconquista began in the 8th century following the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. Over several centuries, the Christian kingdoms in the north grew stronger and were able to defeat divided Muslim territories, conquering areas from north to south. A major victory for the Christians occurred at the Battle of Navas de Tolosa in 1212. The final stage saw the marriage of Fernando II of Aragon and Isabella II of Castile, who formed a powerful united kingdom. This enabled them to conquer the last remaining Muslim kingdom of Granada in 1492, completing the Reconquista.
Proyecto middle ages carolina
The document discusses the Middle Ages in Spain after the fall of the Roman Empire. It describes how the Visigoths came to Spain in the 5th century but were later defeated by the Muslims in 711, who then conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula except for a small northern territory called Asturias. For over 700 years, the Visigoths and Muslims fought for control. Society was divided among Muslims, Christians, and Jews who lived in walled cities and towns and engaged in commerce at outdoor markets. Each religious group had their own houses of worship. The legacy of this period of Islamic rule in Spain, known as al-Andalus, included advances in medicine, astronomy, mathematics and technology.
The legacy of al andalus
The Muslims made several important contributions to Spain during their rule of Al-Andalus including advances in science, technology, and agriculture. They introduced new discoveries in medicine, astronomy, and mathematics as well as inventions like the compass and paper. The Muslims also constructed iconic buildings like mosques and libraries and were led by important figures such as Abderramán III, Maimónides, and Averroes. Additionally, they brought innovations to Spanish agriculture through new irrigation techniques and crops.
Spanish reconquest
The Spanish Reconquest began in 711 AD after the Battle of Guadalete River and the overthrow of the Visigoth Kingdom by Muslim forces. Over the next four centuries, various Christian kingdoms advanced southward across the Iberian Peninsula, retaking territory from Muslim control. By 1252, only the Kingdom of Granada remained as a sovereign Muslim state. Ferdinand and Isabella completed the Reconquest in 1492 with their victory over Granada and the expulsion of remaining Muslims and Jews from Spain.
Jews and the reconquista
The document discusses the Reconquista, the nearly 800-year period when Christian kingdoms succeeded in retaking the Muslim-controlled areas of the Iberian Peninsula. It provides activities for students to learn about how Jews lived under Muslim rule, the impact of the fight between Christians and Muslims on Jews, the Spanish Inquisition and its effects, and how the Reconquista ultimately led to Jews being forced to leave Iberia. Students are instructed to create a timeline from 700 CE to 1600 CE noting key events in the Reconquista and their effects on Jews.
Presentación alberto y manuel
The history of Spain can be summarized in three periods:
1) Prehistory, when the first humans appeared 2 million years ago and left paintings in caves. This period included the Stone Age and Metal Age.
2) Roman rule, when Rome conquered Iberia and established a social hierarchy divided between slaves, freedmen, plebeians, patricians, senators and rulers.
3) The Reconquista, a over 700 year period where Christian kingdoms gradually reconquered the Iberian Peninsula from the Moors through several important battles, culminating in the fall of Granada in 1492 and the expulsion of remaining Muslims, bringing the entire region under Christian rule.
Stages of reconquista
The document outlines the four stages of the Reconquista from the 8th to 15th centuries. Each stage involved important facts, battles, and people. The first stage from the 8th to 10th centuries saw the creation of small Christian kingdoms in the north and the pivotal Battle of Covadonga led by King Pelayo of Asturias against the Muslims. The second stage in the 11th and 12th centuries occurred as Muslim Al-Andalus fragmented and Christians grew stronger, culminating in the Battle of Toledo. The third stage in the 13th-14th centuries saw further Christian victories like the Battle of Navas de Tolosa and the influential rule of Alfonso X. Finally,
Story Of Andalusia
This document provides a summary of 781 years of Muslim history in Al-Andalus (711-1492 AD) including: the opening of Iberia by Tariq ibn Ziyad in 711 AD; the expansion of Muslim rule over Iberia after defeating King Roderic at the Battle of Guadalete; periods of decline and rule by petty kingdoms (taifas); the establishment of the Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba by Abd ar-Rahman I which brought stability; the golden age under Caliphs Abd al-Rahman III and Al-Hakam II when Córdoba rivaled Baghdad as the largest, most advanced city
Islam and al-Andalus
The document provides an overview of Islam and its expansion into al-Andalus (Islamic Iberia). It discusses the origins and spread of Islam from the Arabian Peninsula in the 7th century. It then focuses on the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula in 711 AD and the establishment of the Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba, which later became the independent Caliphate of Cordoba - a golden age of prosperity. This caliphate eventually broke into rival taifa kingdoms, with the Taifa of Granada surviving until 1492. The economy was based on trade and highly developed agriculture, and society was multi-cultural with Muslim and non-Muslim populations. Islamic culture flour
Stages of reconquista hugo , david and guillermo
The document summarizes the four stages of the Reconquista:
1) From the 8th to 10th centuries, small Christian kingdoms formed in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, beginning with King Pelayo's victory over the Muslims at the Battle of Covadonga in 722.
2) From the 11th to 12th centuries, Al-Andalus broke into rival taifa kingdoms and the Christians grew stronger, such as King Alfonso VI's victory over the Muslims at the Battle of Toledo in 1085.
3) In the 13th and 14th centuries, Christian kingdoms united and defeated the Muslims in more battles, while figures like Alfon
Chapter 9 notes
Spain was influenced to support Columbus's voyage by a desire to convert people to Christianity and find wealth, especially gold, to finance wars and strengthen the Spanish economy. Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand expelled Jews and Muslims from Spain and wanted to spread Catholicism globally to "save souls." Columbus made four voyages with increasingly larger fleets and instructions to establish permanent colonies, hoping to find riches like gold in the Americas.
Chapter 9 notes
The document summarizes the history of Spain from the Muslim conquest in the 8th century through the late 15th century. It describes how Spain was ruled by Muslims for several centuries and became a center of learning, trade, and religious tolerance before the Reconquista led to the rise of Christian rule and the expulsion of religious minorities. It then discusses how Ferdinand and Isabella unified Spain under Catholicism through the Inquisition and drove exploration to build the Spanish empire.
Islam Spreads - By Mateo Andrade
1) After Muhammad's death, Abu Bakr unified the Arab tribes under Islam and launched a series of military conquests, spreading Islam rapidly across the Middle East and North Africa.
2) The Arab armies were highly successful due to the exhaustion of the Byzantine and Persian empires from fighting each other, as well as the acceptance of Arab rule by some populations.
3) Islam continued spreading through conquest and conversion, reaching as far as Spain, Sicily, Central Asia, and parts of India and establishing prosperous Muslim rule, culture, and architecture in many regions.
Al andalus
The political situation in the Iberian Peninsula in the early 8th century was unstable, with a civil war occurring between King Rodrigo and the family of the previous king, Witiza. When the Witiza family hired Muslim mercenaries from North Africa to fight for them, the Muslim army led by Musa and Tariq defeated Rodrigo's forces and went on to conquer most of the peninsula over the next few years due to the weakness of the Visigothic nobles. Al-Andalus began as an emirate dependent on the Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus, but it became independent under Emir Abd al-Rahman in 756 and later a caliphate under
Al-Andalus
This document discusses the history of Islam and its arrival in the Iberian Peninsula, known as Al-Andalus. It began with the Umayyad conquest in 711 AD and the creation of an Islamic state. Muslims ruled Al-Andalus until 1492, leaving influences on Spanish culture, art, customs and language. The golden age was the Caliphate of Cordoba in the 10th century, though Al-Andalus eventually fractured and was reduced to the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada by the 13th century before the final Islamic rule ended in 1492.
The rise and fall of islamic spain
The document summarizes the rise and fall of Islamic rule in Spain from 711 CE to 1492 CE. It describes how Muslims conquered Spain in just 2 years and went on to rule for over 800 years, establishing an enlightened society with advances in education, science, architecture and more. However, internal fighting and disunity later weakened the Islamic empire, allowing Christian kingdoms to gradually reconquer territory until the fall of the last Muslim stronghold of Granada in 1492, bringing an end to over 800 years of Islamic rule in Spain.
Unit 5 lesson 2 muslim dynasties
After the death of Abu Bakr, disputes over succession led to the establishment of the Umayyad dynasty in 661. The Umayyads expanded the Islamic empire significantly but faced revolts due to discrimination, splitting Islam into the Sunni and Shia sects. In 750, the Abbasid dynasty overthrew the Umayyads and moved the capital to Baghdad, ushering in a period of prosperity. However, regional rulers gained independence and the Fatimid dynasty was later overthrown by the Seljuk Turks, leading the Byzantine emperor to request Christian assistance and launching the Crusades between Christians and Muslims.
Unit 5 Social Science
During the Middle Ages in Spain:
- The Iberian Peninsula was divided between several Christian kingdoms in the north and a large Muslim state called al-Andalus in the south, after Muslim armies conquered the region in the 8th century.
- Al-Andalus had a highly developed culture and economy but was eventually reconquered by the expanding Christian kingdoms between the 8th-15th centuries in a process known as the Reconquista.
- By 1492, the Christian conquest was completed when Granada fell and the Muslims were expelled from the Iberian Peninsula.
Morality in ummayad and abbasid time period
The presentation is about Morality in Ummayad and Abbasid time period. Th e presentation includes:
~What is Morality?
~Morality in Islam
~Sources of Morality in Islam
~Ummayad Dynasty
~Morality in Ummayad Dynasty
~Fall of Ummayads
~Abbasid Dynasty
~Morality in Abbasid Dynasty
~Fall of Abbasid Dynasty
~Conclusion
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Similar to Unit 5
U4&6. middle ages in the iberian peninsula
711: The Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula began under Tarik ibn Ziyad, establishing Al-Andalus.
Between 711-1492, parts of the Iberian Peninsula were ruled by Muslim states in the south (Al-Andalus) while Christian kingdoms occupied the north, with the border fluctuating as the Reconquista progressed. By 1492, the Catholic Monarchs had completed the Reconquista with the fall of Granada, the last Muslim state.
Middle Ages
The Visigoths invaded and settled in Hispania in the 5th century, establishing a kingdom with its capital in Toledo. The Visigothic Kingdom lasted until 711 AD when the Muslims invaded and conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula, establishing the emirate of Al-Andalus. Al-Andalus became an independent province ruled from Cordoba and brought Islamic culture and rule to Iberia for over 800 years. Meanwhile, the Christian kingdoms expanded northward until they began the Reconquista in the 11th century, eventually conquering the last Muslim kingdom of Granada in 1492.
Unit 5 social science 5th level
The Middle Ages began after major societal changes transformed Europe. In the Iberian Peninsula, the Visigoths established a kingdom in Hispania with Toledo as its capital in 507, adopting Catholicism to unite Visigoths and Hispano-Romans. In 711, the Muslim forces conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula after defeating the Visigoths at the Battle of Guadalete, establishing the territory of Al-Andalus. Al-Andalus became a major center of science and culture, introducing Arabic numerals and chess. By the 11th Century, the Christian kingdoms had advanced and reduced Muslim-controlled Al-Andalus to the Kingdom of Granada alone.
U4.+iberian+peninsula+8 11+centuries
This is a presentation from the teacher Rocío Bautista from IES Camilo Jose Cela. I uploaded it so that my students and everyone interested in this topic can find it. Really good for bilingual history 2nd ESO when learning about the Iberian Peninsula during 8th to 11th centuries and Al- Andalus.
Middle ages
The Middle Ages began after the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century due to invasions from Germanic tribes. One such tribe, the Visigoths, established a powerful kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula with its capital in Toledo. However, in 711 AD Muslim invaders from North Africa conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula, establishing the territory of Al-Andalus with its capital in Cordoba. Over the following centuries, Christian kingdoms reconquered territory in a process known as the Reconquest, which was completed in 1492 with the fall of Granada.
Presentation - Spain during the Middle Ages
The document discusses the history of the Iberian Peninsula from Roman rule through the Muslim conquest and Reconquest by Christian kingdoms. It notes that the Romans introduced Latin, laws, and founded many cities, leaving lasting influences. Later, Germanic Visigoths conquered and adopted Latin and Christianity. In 711, Muslim Moors invaded and established the Emirate of Córdoba and Caliphate, bringing cultural growth through the 10th century before dividing into warring kingdoms. Christian kingdoms unified and finally defeated the Moors by 1492 with the marriage of Isabel and Ferdinand.
The Visigoth kingdom and Al-Andalus
The document summarizes the history of Spain from the arrival of Germanic tribes in the 5th century AD to the Christian kingdoms that emerged after the Moorish conquest in the 8th century. It discusses the establishment of the Visigoth Kingdom in Toledo and its later conquest by Umayyad Moors from Africa in 711 AD. The Moors established control over the Iberian Peninsula and called the territory Al-Andalus, with its capital in Córdoba. As Al-Andalus flourished, the Christian kingdoms in the north resisted and eventually reestablished control over the rest of the Iberian Peninsula through the Reconquista over eight centuries.
THE IBERIAN PENINSULA IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES
Introduction to the Iberian Peninsula in the Early Middle Ages. Description of the Visigoth Kingdom, Al-Andalus and the Christian Kingdoms.
Al-Andalus & Christian Kingdoms 2ºA
The early history of Al-Andalus
By the 8th century, Muslims had expanded beyond Arabia and controlled North Africa. In 711, they crossed into the Iberian Peninsula, defeating the Visigoth King Roderic. They occupied most of the peninsula but not the mountainous regions. The Muslims called their new territory Al-Andalus, with its capital at Córdoba, dependent on the Umayyad caliphate. Over time Al-Andalus fragmented into taifa states and the Christian kingdoms grew in strength, gradually reconquering Muslim lands.
Medieval spain 2
Historia mediaval de España, en inglés, para alumnos de 5º de Educación Primaria. Colegio Sagrados Corazones (Santo Domingo de la Calzada). Realizado por el profesor Marcos Bustillo Ramírez.
Unit 5. al andalus&art
The document provides an overview of the history and culture of Al-Andalus. It summarizes that:
The Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula began in 711 CE and within a few years they had occupied nearly the entire region, establishing the independent Emirate of Cordoba by 756 CE. This evolved into the powerful Caliphate of Cordoba from 929-1031 CE, which saw a golden age of culture and learning. However, internal conflicts later caused the fragmentation of Al-Andalus into competing taifa states by 1031 CE, weakening the region as Christian kingdoms grew in strength. The last remnants of Muslim rule in Iberia ended with the fall of Granada
Ch1 slides
Kingdom of Songhai controlled trans-Saharan trade routes and taxed goods to build wealth and power, expanding their territory and supporting cities, laws, and the arts. The Benin and Kongo kingdoms ruled forest regions along the southern coast, with Benin centered around the Niger Delta under King Ewuare and Kongo comprised of small kingdoms led by the manikongo in Angola. Most West African societies were small villages focused on family, community, and tradition, believing in a single creator and supporting themselves through farming, herding, hunting, fishing, and international trade centered in Timbuktu, which exchanged Mediterranean and Saharan goods. The Portuguese began the European slave trade on the coast in the
Spanish History and Culture up to 14th Century
This is a summary of the course I teach at Doon University before the Mid Term exam of 2013. It covers the History and Culture of Spain from the beginnings till the 14th century covering architecture, literature and of course the politics. It would be useful for any body interested in Spanish studies.
Al-Andalus & Christian Kingdoms 2º B
Here are 3 activities related to the document:
1. Name 3 Christian kingdoms that participated in the Reconquest.
2. Which kingdom conquered territories in Portugal and Andalusia?
3. What were some privileges offered to attract settlers to newly conquered lands?
Unit 5 2º ESO - Al-Andalus
Al-Andalus referred to the Iberian Peninsula under Muslim rule between 711-1492 CE. Following the Umayyad conquest in 711 CE, the region was governed as an emirate and later caliphate based in Córdoba, reaching its cultural and economic height during this period. As the caliphate declined in the 11th century, Al-Andalus fragmented into competing taifa kingdoms, before being reunited by the Almoravids and later Almohads. The Christian Reconquista gradually reconquered the peninsula, leaving the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada as the final Muslim state until its fall in 1492 CE.
Middle Ages Cristina, Raúl, Edu, Héctor
The Middle Ages saw major changes in Europe including Germanic invasions, the rise of the Carolingian Empire, and the development of feudalism. Society was divided into three strict classes - kings, nobility, and clergy - with regular people forming the lowest class. As cities declined, monastic communities and pilgrimage routes like the Camino de Santiago spread across Europe. In Spain, the main groups were the Visigoths, Muslims who conquered much of the Iberian Peninsula, and Christian peoples who established kingdoms in the north.
Ap middle eastreviewnotes
1. The document provides an overview of early Middle Eastern civilizations including Mesopotamia, Sumer, Babylon, Persia, and the origins of Islam. It discusses the rise and fall of empires and dynasties as well as religious, social, and political developments.
2. Key civilizations discussed include the Sumerians who developed cities, writing, and religion in Mesopotamia around 3000 BC. The Babylonians created the first law code under Hammurabi in the 18th century BC. The Persian Empire stretched from Libya to India under Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC. Islam originated in the 7th century AD under the prophet Muhammad.
3. Major
The Ancient Israelites
The document summarizes the origins and early history of the Israelites. It describes how Abraham was considered the father of the Hebrews and how his descendants, led by Moses, escaped enslavement in Egypt around 1200 BC and settled in Canaan. There they established a kingdom under kings Saul, David, and Solomon. After Solomon's death, the kingdom split into the northern Kingdom of Israel and southern Kingdom of Judah. Both kingdoms were later conquered and their populations exiled, though some later returned to Judah and their faith evolved into Judaism.
5. The fragmentation of the Ancient World
The document summarizes the fragmentation of the ancient world following the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE. It describes how Germanic tribes invaded and established kingdoms across Europe as the empire dissolved. One such kingdom was the Visigothic Kingdom in Hispania. Meanwhile, the Eastern Roman Empire, centered in Constantinople, managed to survive as the Byzantine Empire for another 1000 years by repelling invaders. It also covers the emergence of Islam in the 7th century and the expansion of Muslim rule across former Roman territories in North Africa and the Middle East.
Unit II Review
This document provides an overview of major themes and developments in different world civilizations between 600-1450 CE. It discusses the rebuilding of declining empires like the Byzantine and Tang/Song Dynasties in China. It also summarizes the rise and spread of Islam across the Middle East, Northern Africa and South Asia through military conquest and trade. Other topics covered include decentralized feudal systems in Western Europe and Japan.
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This document discusses simple and complex machines, electricity, and important inventions. It begins by defining simple machines like levers, pulleys, wheels, and inclined planes. A complex machine is made of two or more simple machines, like a computer. The document then explains how computers work by taking in input, storing memory, processing data, and outputting information. It also discusses how computers connect to the internet and how we can create documents. The document goes on to define electricity, static electricity, electric current, electric circuits, and how electricity is generated and distributed. It concludes by briefly describing important inventions like the light bulb, television, telephone, and steam engine along with the inventors behind each.
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This document discusses simple and complex machines, electricity, and important inventions. It begins by defining simple machines like levers, pulleys, wheels, and inclined planes. A complex machine is made of two or more simple machines, like a computer. The document then explains how computers work by taking in input, storing memory, processing data, and outputting information. It also discusses how computers connect to the internet and how they are used to create documents. Next, the document defines electricity, charged objects, static electricity, and electric current. It explains electric circuits and how electricity is generated and distributed. Finally, it briefly profiles some important inventions like the light bulb, television, telephone, and steam engine.
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Spain is a democratic country based on its 1978 constitution. It has a separation of powers between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The legislative branch includes the Congress and Senate, which make laws. The executive branch is the national government including the prime minister and ministers. The judicial branch interprets laws through courts and tribunals. Spain is also divided into 17 autonomous communities and 2 autonomous cities, each with their own regional government. The European Union aims to promote peace, security, and economic integration between countries through institutions like the European Parliament, Council, and Commission.
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People can spend, save, and invest money in different ways. They can spend money using cash, credit cards, or debit cards. They can save money in savings accounts, money boxes, shares, or bonds. People also invest money by buying shares in companies or bonds from governments and companies. A budget helps people and businesses plan how to allocate their money for expenses.
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Unit 5
- 1. Spain in the Middle Ages UNIT 5
- 2. THE MIDDLE AGES The Middle Ages began in 476 A.D. when the Roman Empire ended. During the Middle Ages, Spain didn`t exist. In the North, there were Christian kingdoms. In the South, there was a Muslim state called Al-Andalus.
- 3. 1. The Visigoths (507 – 711 A.D.) 2. Al-Andalus (711 A.D. – 1942) 3. The Christian kingdoms (711 A.D. – 1942)
- 4. 1. THE VISIGOTHS (507 – 711 ) The Visigoths were an important Germanic tribe. They came to Roman Hispania. At first, they helped the Romans fight other Germanic tribes. In 507 A.D. the Visigoths established the Kingdom of Toledo. It was the end of Roman Hispania.
- 5. The king made the laws. They learned to speak Latin. Most Visigoths were farmers. King Recaredo converted to Catholicism and built churches. VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TG9hu5vr9uY 1. THE VISIGOTHS (507 – 711 )
- 6. 2. AL – ANDALUS (711-1492) In 711, Muslims conquered the Visigothic Kingdom of Toledo after the Battle of Guadalete. It became a new Muslim territory called Al- Andalus. Video:https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=q7- gGNvnBuw
- 7. Who were the Muslims? The Muslims were the followers of Islam. They believe in Allah and their sacred book is the Koran. Their empires were called caliphates and were ruled by caliphs. They spoke Arabic. They built mosques and alcazabas. There were many merchants.
- 8. 3. THE CHRISTIAN KINGDOMS When Muslims created Al-Andalus, many Christians moved to the mountains in the North. In 722 A.D. the Battle of Covadonga took place between christians and muslims. Don Pelayo was the leader of the christians and established the Kingdom of Asturias.
- 9. The Christians Society was divided into 3 groups: the clergy, nobles and peasant. Most people were peasant and worked on the land. Priest and monks were very important people. Chistians built many churches and monasteries.
- 10. The Reconquista The Reconquista is the period in which the Christian Kingdom conquered Al-Andalus.