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Unit 12 grammar presentation
This document discusses adjective clauses, including their placement and structure. It explains that an adjective clause embeds one sentence within another as a modifier. It discusses the different relative pronouns used as subjects or objects of the main and embedded clauses for both people and things. It also covers using whose to indicate possession, and where and when as relative pronouns for place and time. Finally, it distinguishes between identifying and non-identifying adjective clauses.
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Unit 12 grammar presentation
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- 2. ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: PLACEMENT MAINCLAUSE ADJECTIVE CLAUSE Noun/Pron oun Relative Pronoun They met a woman who teaches psychology. I’ve read everything that discusses her work.
- 3. AN ADJECTIVE CLAUSEEMBEDS (BURIES) ONE SENTENCE INSIDE ANOTHER: Sentence with Adjective Clause I met a woman who teaches psychology. Main Sentence I met a woman. Embedded Sentence The woman teaches psychology.
- 4. AN ADJECTIVE CLAUSEEMBEDS (BURIES) ONE SENTENCE INSIDE ANOTHER: Sentence with Adjective Clause I’ve read everything that discusses her work. Main Sentence I’ve read everything. Embedded Sentence Everything discusses her work.
- 5. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASSUBJECTS: WHO AND THAT PEOPLE I have a friend who loves to talk. I have friends that love to talk.
- 6. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASSUBJECTS: WHO AND THAT Sentence with Adjective Clause I have a friend who loves to talk. = I have a friend that loves to talk. Main Sentence I have a friend. Embedded Sentence The friend loves to talk.
- 7. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASSUBJECTS: WHO AND THAT Sentence with Adjective Clause I have friends who love to talk. = I have friends that love to talk. Main Sentence I have friends. Embedded Sentence The friends love to talk.
- 8. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASSUBJECTS: WHICH AND THAT THINGS This is a book which is useful These are books that are useful.
- 9. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASSUBJECTS: WHICH AND THAT Sentence with Adjective Clause This is a book which is useful. = This is a book that is useful. Main Sentence This is a book. Embedded Sentence The book is useful.
- 10. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASSUBJECTS: WHICH AND THAT Sentence with Adjective Clause These are books which are useful. = These are books that are useful. Main Sentence These are books. Embedded Sentence The books are useful.
- 11. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASOBJECTS: WHOM, THAT, 0 PEOPLE This is the doctor who(m) that 0 we consulted.
- 12. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASOBJECTS: WHOM, THAT, 0 Sentence with Adjective Clause This is the doctor whom we consulted. = This is the doctor who we consulted. = This is the doctor we consulted. Main Sentence This is the doctor. Embedded Sentence We consulted the doctor. Explanation You can omit the relative pronoun if it replaces the object of the embedded sentence.
- 13. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASOBJECTS: WHICH, THAT, 0 THINGS This is the test which that 0 he gave us.
- 14. RELATIVE PRONOUNS ASOBJECTS: WHICH, THAT, 0 Sentence with Adjective Clause This is the test which he gave us. = This is the test that he gave us. = This is the test he gave us. Main Sentence This is the test. Embedded Sentence He gave us the test. Explanation You can omit the relative pronoun if it replaces the object of the embedded sentence.
- 15. WHOSE + NOUNTO INDICATE POSSESSION PEOPLE She is the woman whose son is so famous. She is the woman whose son I am tutoring.
- 16. WHOSE + NOUNTO INDICATE POSSESSION THINGS It’s the book whose reviews were so good. It’s the book whose reviews I have just read.
- 17. WHOSE + NOUNTO INDICATE POSSESSION Sentence with Adjective Clause This is the woman whose son is famous. Main Sentence This is the woman. Embedded Sentence The woman’s son is famous. Explanation Use whose when there is a possessive in the embedded sentence.
- 18. WHERE AND WHENIN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES WHERE Place Remember the café where we met.
- 19. WHERE AND WHENIN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES Sentence with Adjective Clause Remember the café where we met. Main Sentence Remember the café. Embedded Sentence We met at the café. Explanation Use where as the relative pronoun when the embedded sentence contains a preposition of place.
- 20. WHERE AND WHENIN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES WHEN Time I remember the day (when) (that) 0 we parted.
- 21. WHERE AND WHENIN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES Sentence with Adjective Clause I remember the day when we parted. = I remember the day that we parted. = I remember the day we parted. Main Sentence I remember the day. Embedded Sentence We parted on that day. Explanation Use when for the relative pronoun when the embedded sentence contains a preposition of time
- 22. ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: IDENTIFYINGOR NON-IDENTIFYING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES THAT IDENTIFY The woman who/that created the test studied psychology. The test which/that/0 she created describes personality types.
- 23. ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: IDENTIFYINGOR NON-IDENTIFYING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES THAT DO NOT IDENTIFY Myers, who created the test, was a Jungian psychologist. The Myers-Briggs test, which she and her daughter created, describes personality types.