This document discusses various methods of clinical teaching in nursing education. It begins by outlining the objectives of understanding different clinical teaching methods from the perspectives of staff and patients. Some key clinical teaching methods discussed include lectures, demonstrations, group discussions, seminars, symposiums, panel discussions, role plays, projects, workshops, and simulations. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are provided. Overall, the document aims to highlight the importance of using various clinical teaching techniques to help nursing students translate theoretical knowledge into practice and develop important clinical skills.

1. Methods of Clinical Teaching
& Its Importance in Nursing
Nursing Education
Unit 1

2. Objectives
After completion of this unit, learners will be able to:
• Integrate the different methods of teaching in perspective of
staff and patient.
• Discuss about different clinical teaching methods.

3. Clinical Teaching
“Clinical teaching is vehicle that provides students with opportunity to
translate basic theoretical knowledge into learning of variety of
intellectual and psychomotor skills needed to provide patient-centered
quality nursing care.”
SCHWEER, JEAN E.

4. What is clinical teaching method?
A clinical teaching method involves interpersonal communication
among a teacher, a learner, and a learning group.
This technique helps in identifying issues and provides knowledge for
comprehending and resolving the issues by imparting relevant skills.

5. Importance of Clinical Teaching in
Nursing
• Clinical teaching is a core component of nursing education.
• It is important to supervise clinical activities and empower nursing
students to gain clinical competency and skills.
• It is important to train nurses how to handle both the routine and high-
stress elements of the job without negatively impacting patient
outcomes.

6. Different Teaching Methods in Perspective of
Staff and Patient
• Lectures
• Demonstration
• Group discussion
• Seminar
• Symposium
• Panel discussion
• Role play
• Project
• Workshop
• Simulation

7. Lectures
Lecture (from Latin lēctūra “reading” ) is an oral presentation to provide
information or teach people about a particular subject.
The formal, verbal presentation of information or other material by an
instructor to a group of students or other learners.

8. Advantages Disadvantages
• Attention
• Information May be Forgotten
• laziness in the Classroom
• Early revived
• Teachers can easily keep control
of a large classroom
• Role model
• Large material of any subject

9. Demonstration
An act of showing that something exists or is true by giving proof or
evidence.
Or
A practical exhibition and explanation of how something works or is
performed.

10. Advantages Disadvantages
• Active student participation is a key to
skill learning, and demonstration
maximizes the efficiency of that
participation.
• Student interest is usually very high
both because they are actively
involved and because they are dealing
with something which they can
experience firsthand.
• The demonstration is often the only
way of conveying the complex
operations required in some skilled
tasks.
• The procedure does not work well in
large groups(Demonstrations can
videotaped and shown monitors
located around be on a large lecture
hall.)
• Setting up demonstrations is very time
consuming.
• Demonstrations don't always go as
planned.
• If the students will be practicing the
skills, the set up time and equipment
costs are large.

11. Group Discussion
Group discussion is define as form of group communication in which
the participants share ideas and exchange information on a common
topic.
A group discussion involves a discussion on a given topic with other
candidates, usually with similar experience and educational
qualifications.

12. Advantages Disadvantages
• Beneficial for auditory learners.
• Helps to research and formulate
arguments
• More interactive than a lecture.
• Students have a tendency to stay
focused.
• Can improve grades
• Interruptions.
• Not for everyone.
• Can get very confusing.
• Not everyone will get a chance
to express their views.
• May not be as effective as a
lecture.

13. Seminar
Seminar is an instructional technique of higher learning which involves
paper reading on a theme and followed by the group discussion to
clarify the complex aspects of theme.
Seminars are simply a group of people coming together for the
discussion and learning of specific techniques and topics.

14. Advantages Disadvantages
• Natural way of learning
• Provides motivation and report.
• Stimulates active participation.
• Permits adaptive instruction.
• Stimulation of thinking.
• Tolerance of other views develops.
• Cooperation with others develops.
• Openness of ideas occurs.
• Represents the norms of behavior.
• Requires highly competent instructor.
• Poses evaluation problems.
• Is more costly than most other
methods.
• Seminar cannot be organized on all the
content of subject matter.
• Technique cannot be used in all levels
of education.
• Seminar is a time consuming process.
• It cannot be applied to new students.

15. Symposium
Symposium consists of a set of program of prepared speeches followed
by audience discussion.
Symposium is a technique in which two or more person under the
direction of a chairman presents several speeches, which give several
aspect of one question.

16. Advantages Disadvantages
• It is suitable to a large group or
classes.
• It can be frequently used to
present broad topics for
discussion at conventions and
organization meetings.
• Organization is good because of
the set speeches prepared
beforehand.
• Inadequate opportunity for all
the students to participate
actively.
• The speeches are limited to 15-
20 minutes.
• Question and answer limited to 3
or 4 minutes.
• Possibility of overlapping the
subjects.

17. Difference between Seminar & Symposium
• Seminar is a form of academic
instruction that brings together a
group of people to learn about a
specific subject.
• Topics are related any to recent
trends, and development in
nursing.
• Symposium is a form of
discussion in which different
view points or opinion regarding
the single aspect of a topic is
discussed under the guidance of
a chair person.
• Topics are related to
controversial issues in nursing.

18. Panel Discussion
• A panel discussion, or simply a panel, involves a group of people
gathered to discuss a topic in front of an audience,
• A panel discussion is a group discussion where different people come
together to discuss a topic.
• They are joined by other panel members and the discussion takes place
in front of an audience.
• This discussion is typically held in academic, business, or scientific
meetings.

19. Advantages Disadvantages
• Encourages social learning.
• Higher cognitive and affective
objectives are achieved.
• Used to develop ability of problem
solving and logical thinking.
• Develops capacity to respect others
ideas and feelings & ability to
tolerate.
• It provides opportunities of
assimilation of theme and content.
• Time consuming
• It is limited in its usefulness as a
teaching tool, because it makes no
attempt to arrive at a solution.
• Panel discussion requires more time
for planning, organizing and
presentation.
• The discussion may be vague and
superficial if the panel members
lack mastery.

20. Role Play
• Role playing is an educational technique in which people
spontaneously act out problems of human relation and analyze the
enactment with the help of the other players and observers.
• Role play is the act of imitating the character and behaviour of
someone who is different from yourself, for example as a training
exercise.
• Group members have to communicate with each other through role-
play.

21. Advantages Disadvantages
• It provides opportunity to the students
to learn about a subject from the
inside.
• It gives them a chance to feel the
intensity of the situation by enacting it
through role play.
• Student drives useful real life
experiences through playing specific
roles of the players or observers and in
turn prepare them for their activities.
• It increase student’s interest ,
motivation and effects for the learning
about a subject or phenomenon.
• Role playing requires careful selection
of situations to be effective.
• Role playing impedes free expression
if participants are not volunteers.
• The themes for role playing exercises
must avoid potential conflicts with the
principles of the religious teaching, or
other groups.

22. Project
A project is defined as a sequence of tasks that must be completed to
attain a certain outcome.
A project is a set of tasks that must be completed in order to arrive at a
particular goal or outcome.

23. Advantages Disadvantages
• It gives the students a hands on
experience.
• It enhance manipulative skills of
the students.
• Shows their creativeness and
imagination.
• It can be very time-consuming.
• It will isolate the student to a
long period of time doing one
activity only.
• May only enhance the same and
repeated skills in the side of the
student.

24. Workshop
A meeting at which a group of people engage in intensive
discussion and activity on a particular subject or project.
A workshop is a period of discussion or practical work on a
particular subject in which a group of people share their
knowledge or experience.

25. Advantages Disadvantages
• Users are usually very motivated
.
• Have flexibility over length and
frequency of sessions
• Can offer a series of workshops
that build on one another.
• Users attending may have a
broad range of skills (computer
and language)
• May have difficulty getting a
room if classroom space is in
short supply
• May be hard to fit everything
that you want to cover into a
single workshop
• Handling large classes for hands-
on practice may be difficult.

26. Simulation
A model of a set of problems or
events that can be used to teach
someone how to do something, or
the process of making such a model.
It is defined as the action of
pretending or doing something.

27. Advantages Disadvantages
• It is cheaper to improve a simulated
system than a real system.
• It is easier to understand and view
simulation methods than purely
analytical methods.
• Analytical methods involve many
assumptions and simplifications,
whereas simulation models analyze
more complex or detailed systems.
• In some cases, simulation is the
only way to get a solution.
• It takes a lot of time to develop and
validate simulation models.
• Not cost effective method.

28. Clinical Teaching Methods
Some clinical teaching methods are:
• Case methods
• Nursing rounds and reports
• Conference
• Process recording/verbatim

29. Case Method
The case method is a participatory, discussion-based way of learning
where students gain skills in critical thinking, communication, and
group dynamics.
• It is a type of problem-based learning.
• In this, a particular event, health situation or a condition is presented in
detail to a group of participants.

30. Advantages Disadvantages
• Comprehensive
• Continuous analysis
• Develops logical thinking
• Develops strategic planning
skills
• Generalization of data
• Hypothesis formulation
• Intensive study improves
knowledge
• Time consuming
• Inefficient process
• Requires a small sample size to
be effective
• It can have influence factors
within the data. Every person has
their own unconscious bias.
• Labor-intensive method of data
collection.

31. Nursing Rounds & Reports
It is a clinical teaching method in which a group of nursing students are
taken for a selected patient's bedside visit by one or more nursing
faculties to discuss about the progress of the patient and further plan of
care, which provides the students first-hand learning experience.
A Nursing round is a tour into the patient's ward to provide the student a
learning experience.

32. Purposes of Nursing Rounds & Reports
• To aware the staff and students with all patients admitted in the ward.
• To clarify the terminology studied.
• To demonstrate the effects of drugs.
• To plan and provide skillful nursing care.
• To study the disease condition.
• To demonstrate the specific clinical features of particular diseases
condition, which are important for planning the nursing care
interventions.

33. Advantages Disadvantages
• Direct contact with patient.
• Response of the patient is more
natural.
• We can select patients with
specific problem and plan
properly for care.
• Family members can observe the
effort of health-care Team.
• Promote trust.
• Patient may overhear the
discussion.
• Patient's privacy may be
violated.
• Family members may interrupt
the resuscitation/treatment
efforts.

34. Conference
• A formal meeting of people with a shared/common interest or topic.
• Nursing care conference is defined as the process in which group
discussion is made using problem solving techniques to determine the
ways of providing care for the patients to whom nursing students are
assigned as part of their clinical experience.
• It may be of two types; Group conference & Individual conference

35. Advantages Disadvantages
• Opportunity to solve problem
together.
• Ability to make everyone
included.
• Sharpens the critical thinking.
• Helps the students to know about
their progress and hence boosts
their self confidance.
• Time-consuming
• Lack of seriousness.
• Expensive
• Inability to arrive at a decision.
• Open to disruption.
• Conflict of opinion

36. Process Recording/ Verbatim
It is a tool used by the nurses. the field instructor, and the faculty
advisor to examine the dynamics of a particular interaction in time.
OR
It is a method in which nurses record all the communication both verbal
and non-verbal, spoken and observed through interview.

37. Advantages Disadvantages
• It helps in differentiating
thoughts and feelings.
• It helps to clarify the purpose of
the interview.
• It helps to improve written
expression.
• It identify strengths and
weakness.
• It improve self awareness.
• Time – consuming.
• Technical problem may occur
and become source of frustration.
• The process is laborious and
difficult.