Unemployment refers to a state where a person is without work but available and actively seeking employment. There are several types of unemployment including frictional, classical, structural, seasonal, technological, regional, international, and cyclical. Unemployment in India is caused by factors such as population increase, lack of professional qualifications, automation reducing required manpower, and changes in business fields. Various schemes have been implemented by the Indian government to address unemployment, including employment exchanges, vocational training programs, apprenticeships, and self-employment initiatives.

1. Unemployment