Under the Greenwood Tree is set in the rural village of Mellstock and follows the courtship between Dick Dewy and Fancy Day. The novel is divided into parts for each season that focus on the developing relationship between Dick and Fancy amidst the traditional customs and characters of village life, including the Mellstock choir led by Dick's father. After attracting temporary suitors, Fancy realizes her true love is for the honest and persevering Dick. They marry in the spring, concluding with the community celebrating under the Greenwood tree that gives the novel its title.