There are 4 parks near the author's house that use different irrigation systems. DDA Park in Sector 11 uses sprinkler irrigation, which sprays water into the air to water the entire soil surface. DDA Park in Sector 6 uses drip irrigation, which applies water slowly at the base of plants. Rotary irrigation is used in DDA Park in Sector 10 and involves mechanically driven sprinklers that reach distances of up to 100 feet. The center-pivot system used in one park conserves water by using less than surface irrigation and reducing labor costs. Overextraction of groundwater has caused levels to drop by over 5 feet per year in some places.

1. PREPARED BY
KARTIK SONI
IX – D
15

2.  Their are 4 parks near my house
1. DDA Park, Sector -11, Dwarka, New Delhi
2. DDA Park, Sector -9, Dwarka
3. DDA Park, Sector -6, Dwarka
4. DDA park, Sector -10, Dwarka

3. Sprinkler irrigation system Is used in DDA park sector
-11

4.  Sprinkler Irrigation is a method of applying irrigation
water which is similar to rainfall. Water is distributed
through a system of pipes usually by pumping. It is then
sprayed into the air and irrigated entire soil surface
through spray heads so that it breaks up into small
water drops which fall to the ground.

5. Advantages of Sprinkler Irrigation System
 This technique enables judicious utilization of even small water flows
and permits efficient irrigation of undulated lands, and soils with
shallow depths.
 It saves 10to 16% land that is used in construction of channels and
ridges in other methods.
 Highly permeable as well as relatively less permeable soils can
be easily irrigated by sprinkler method without any risk of run-off and
erosion, inundation and seepage losses.
 Fertilizers, pesticides and weedicides can be applied along with water
spray, thus, saving extra labour.

6. Disadvantages of Sprinkler Irrigation Method
 High initial cost of equipments.
 Operating costs are generally higher than irrigation by surface methods.
 Winds disturb the sprinkler pattern giving uneven distribution of the irrigation
water.
 Sprinkling with water containing an appreciable amount of salts may result in
bum or death of the plants.
 Under certain climatic conditions diseases may be encouraged. The problem of
fruit rotting in tomato and strawberry gets aggravated especially in moist soil
condition.

7.  Drip Irrigation system Is established in DDA Park,
Sector -6

8.  Drip System – Drip irrigation is the most water-efficient
way to irrigate many different plantings. It is an ideal way
to water in clay soils because the water is applied slowly,
allowing the soil to absorb the water and avoid runoff. Drip
devices use a fraction of the water that overhead spray
devices use. “Point source” drip systems are comprised of
drip tubing that is laid throughout a planting bed and
feeds water directly to the base of the plants at a rate the
soil can absorb without losing water to misting, overspray,
or runoff.

9.  Advantages of Drip Irrigation
 Water is used at maximum level.
 As water is applied locally and leaching is reduced, fertilizer/nutrient loss is
minimized.
 Weeds can not absorb water as no water is available for them.
 Yield of crops are maximum.
 Fertilizers can be used with high efficiency.
 Weed are grown in less number.
 Operational cost is low.

10.  Disadvantages of Drip Irrigation
 Expense specially initial cost is high.
 The lifetime of the tubes used in drip irrigation can be shortened by the sun causing
wastage.
 May cause clogging if water is not filtered correctly.
 Problems in moisture distribution.
 Salinity problem.
 Germination problem.
 High skills are required.

11. Drip irrigation system is used in DDA Park, Sector –9,
Dwarka

12.  Rotary Irrigation system is used In DDA park, Sector -
10, Dwarka

13.  Rotary Systems
 This method of irrigation is best suited for
larger areas, for the sprinklers can reach
distances of up to 100 feet. The word “Rotary” is
indicative of the mechanical driven sprinklers
moving in a circular motion, hence reaching
greater distances. This system waters a larger
area with small amounts of water over a longer
period of time.

14.  The center-pivot irrigation system is considered to be a
highly efficient system which helps conserve water.
 Center pivot irrigation typically uses less water
compared to many surface irrigation and furrow
irrigation techniques
 It reduces the expenditure of and conserves water. It
also helps to reduce labor costs compared to some
ground irrigation techniques, which are often more
labor-intensive.

15.  It is now understood that groundwater level elevation
decreases when the rate of extraction by irrigation
exceeds the rate of recharge.
 At some places, the water table was measured to drop
more than five feet (1.5 m) per year at the time of
maximum extraction.
 In extreme cases, the deepening of wells was required
to reach the steadily falling water table