Crop water productivity modeling: Demand and impact at a field level

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International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Presented by Teklu Erkossa (IWMI) at the Nile BDC Symposium on Modeling in the Blue Nile Basin, Addis Ababa, 12 November 2012

Technology

Activities Model Used
• Estimate WR and consumption of crops • CROPWAT (vr. 8)
grown under different soils Climates: • AquaCrop (Vr. 4)

• Current Vs alternative AWM scenarios

Example 1: WR, Consumption and WP of wheat grown on
BBF and Flat seedbeds
Location and Growing season Actual ETc Grain WP with respect to WP with respect to
year actual ETc (kg m-3)
eff. rainfall (m3 (m3 ha-1) eff. rainfall (kg m-3)
ha-1) BBF Flat BBF Flat % increase BBF Flat
due to BBF

Enewari 1986 4770 3005 1086 0.23 0.22 5 0.37 0.99

Dogollo 1986 5740 3161 2582 0.32 0.22 45 0.58 0.49

Dejen 1987 5640 3000 1200 0.22 0.16 38 0.42 0.77

Bahir Dar 2007 7570 2804 2429 0.34 0.26 31 0.93 0.82

Merawi 2007 5720 3135 1206 0.30 0.10 200 0.54 0.50

Bichena 1997 4770 3005 1086 0.34
BBF and Flat beds planted on June 10 and August 15, respectively
0.19 79 0.53 0.83

Average 5876 3040 1669 0.33 0.24 57 0.66 0.89

Example 2: WR, Consumption and WP of rice, grass-pea and
extensively grazed grass grown on flat areas
Crop type: Rice
Location Yield (kg ha-1) Average eff. rain Actual ETc (m3 Grain WP (kg m-3) with respect Biomass WP with
(m3 ha-1) ha-1) to respect to eff. rain

Grain Straw Eff. rain Actual ETc

Fogera 2007 3510 4467 6330 5259 0.55 0.67 1.3
Fogera 2011 3744 4765 6330 4233 0.59 0.88 1.3
3627 4616 6330 4746 0.57 0.78 1.3
Pawe 2007 3644 4638 7900 4953 0.46 0.74 1.0
Pawe 2008 3547 4514 7900 5857 0.45 0.61 1.0
Average 3596 4576 7900 5405 0.46 0.68 1.0
Crop type: Grass -pea
Fogera 2007 6330 3130
Fogera 2011 6330 3130
Average 6330 3130
Pawe 2007 7900 4930
Pawe 2008 7900 4860
Average 4662 9558 7900 4895 0.59 0.95 1.8
Crop type: Pasture (extensive grazing)
Fogera 2011* Biomass (kg ha-1) Eff. rain (m3 ha-1) CWR (m3 ha-1) Biomass WP (kg m-3) with
respect to Actual ETc
2793 6330 1940 1.44 0.44

• Use of BBF increased water demand, but reduced
evaporation loss
• BBF increased WP with respect to effective rainfall
• Growing rice instead of grass-pea or grazing increased
water demand, but reduced evaporation
• Use of BBF on drainable and rice on flat land increased
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